for class IX

1. THE ANIMAL KINGDOM

2. The animal kingdom can be divided
into 9 smaller groups. Each group is
called a phylum.

3. PHYLUM PORIFERA
Sponges

4. Sponges are sessile animals
(they spend their lives attached to rocks)

5. Water enters the small pores of a sponge,
travels through canals, and exits through
a large hole at the top of the sponge.

6. PHYLUM CNIDARIA
Jellyfish, sea anemones, corals

7. Members of this phylum have tentacles
with stinging cells.

8. Cnidarians can have one of two body shapes:
an umbrella-shaped medusa form, like the
jellyfish on the left, or a vase-shaped polyp
form, like the sea anemone on the right.

9. Coral reefs contain many members of
Phylum Cnidaria.

11. PHYLUM
PLATYHELMINTHES
Flatworms

12. The worms in this phylum are all very
thin and flat, like this parasitic
liver fluke.

13. All flatworms, including this planarian,
have bilateral symmetry.

14. Flatworms are the first animals to have a
head. Note the hooks and suckers on the
head of this tapeworm.

15. PHYLUM NEMATODA
Roundworms

16. Nematodes are not segmented; their
body surfaces appear smooth.

17. Many nematodes are parasites, such as
this pork worm named Trichinella.

18. Nematodes have a complete digestive
tract, with a mouth at one end where
food enters, and an opening at the other
end where wastes exit.

19. PHYLUM ANNELIDA
Earthworms, sandworms, leeches

20. Annelids have bodies that are segmented
(divided into sections).

21. Annelids have a circulatory system to
pump blood. This earthworm has 5
hearts!

23. Annelid worms
have a body
cavity called a
coelom which
provides room
for organ
development.

24. PHYLUM ARTHROPODA
Crayfish, lobsters, crabs,
insects, spiders

25. All arthropods, including this tick,
have jointed legs.

26. Arthropods have a crunchy shell called
an exoskeleton.

27. Arthropods have very well-developed
sense organs.

30. PHYLUM MOLLUSCA
Clams, snails, squid, octopus

31. Most mollusks have a hard shell
covering their soft bodies.

32. Clams have a wedge-shaped muscular
foot used for locomotion.

33. Mollusks breathe by means of gills.

34. Not all mollusks have shells. This squid
does not.

36. PHYLUM
ECHINODERMATA
Starfish, sand dollars, sea urchins

37. Echinoderms have spiny (prickly) skin.

38. Adult echinoderms have radial
symmetry.

39. The bottom of this starfish is covered
with tube feet for locomotion.

40. PHYLUM CHORDATA
Fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds, mammals

41. Members of Phylum Chordata have a
backbone (they are vertebrates).

42. Phylum Chordata can be subdivided
into 7 classes:
AGNATHA
CHONDRICHTHYES
OSTEICHTHYES
AMPHIBIA
REPTILIA
AVES
MAMMALIA

43. Class Agnatha includes jawless fish such
as lampreys. They are parasites on other
fish.

44. Pisces (Fish)
a) Exclusively water living animals
b) Skin is covered with scales/plates, body is
stream lined
c) Breathing – gills
d) Cold blooded (change blood temperature
according to surrounding environment)
e) Heart – two chamber
f) Lay eggs (monotreams), whale produces live
young.
Example – shark (cartilage only), tuna or Rohu
(cartilage and bone)

46. Class Chondrichthyes includes fish
whose skeletons are made of cartilage,
such as sharks, rays, and skates.

47. Class Osteichthyes includes fish whose
skeletons are made of bone.

48. Amphibians
a) Found in both land and water
b) Change from larva to adult by the process
of metamorphism.
c) Slippery skin due to mucus
d) Heart 3 chamber
e) Lay eggs (monotreams
f)Breathing - gills & lungs
g) For the purpose of reproduction most
amphibians require fresh water
Ex- frogs, toad salamander

49. Class Amphibia includes semi-aquatic
animals with moist skin. They must
return to the water to breed.

51. Reptiles
a) Animal which can crawl
b) Cold blooded, exoskeleton of scale
c) Heart- 3 chamber except- crocodiles- 4
chamber
d) Lay eggs with tough covering ,out side of
water e) Breathing - lungs
• Example -

52. Class Reptilia includes snakes, lizards,
turtles, crocodiles, and iguanas.
They have dry, scaly skin.

54. Aves
• a) Exoskeleton of feathers , flight possible
• b) Warm blooded
• c) Breathing –lungs
• d) Heart -4 chamber
• e) Lay eggs outside water, except – bat
produces live young
• F) Bones are spongy and pneumatic.
• Example –

55. Members of Class Aves have wings and
feathers for flight.

56. Mammalia
• a) Warm blooded , mammary gland
(produce milk)
• b) Exoskeleton of hair
• c) External ear
• d) Heart – four chamber
• e) Produce live young. Except – platypus,
echidna lay eggs.

57. Class Mammalia includes animals with
hair or fur. Females have mammary
glands to nurse their young with milk.

60. Mosquito Life cycle
We will now look at the four distinct
stages of development in the life
cycle of a mosquito.

61. Nomenclature of living organism
Carolus linnaeus introduced
scientific name (Latin) of organism
in 18th
century
Name of genus + name of species
(Start with capital letter) (Start with small letter)
Example – common frog
(Rana tigrina)