Organic seed production systems for field legumes and lowland vegetables

Influencing Farmers
to Adopt Organic Seed Production of
Lowland Vegetables and Field
Legumes in the Philippines
HERMINIGILDA A. GABERTAN, PHD.
LORNA M. TEPPER
EUGENIA M. BUCTUANON
MERCEDES L. DELA CUEVA
MEANNE P. ANDES
BENITO M. SOJOR

According to
IndexMundi.com, the
value for Agricultural
land (sq. km) in the
Philippines was 123,950
as of 2012.

INTERACTION BETWEEN POPULATION AND ENVIRONMENT
20th Century agricultural production aim towards
QUANTITY

The demand for ecosystem services significantly
increased as world population doubled in only 43 years
From 2.5
billion in
1950 to 5.5
billion in
1993
Now to 6 billion,
it may reach 11
billion by 2045
and 14 billion by
2100.

PHILIPPINE POPULATION
YEAR POPULATION
1985 54,323,648
1990 61,947,348
1995 69,835,715
2000 77,991,569
2005 86,274,237
2010 93,726,624
2015 101,716,359
2016 103,320,222
2017 104,918,090
2018 107,093,922

21ST Century a shift from QUANTITY to
QUALITY driven agricultural production

The Bureau of Plant Industry aims at
strengthening the organic seed production in the
Philippines through research, seed production,
training and partnership

PHILIPPINE ORGANIC AGRICULTURE
The organic agriculture sector in the Philippines is
still considered to be in its formative years.
Through the Department of Agriculture’s effort in
promoting and supporting organic agriculture in the
country, going organic finds its way to the future of
Philippine agriculture.

In 2010, the Philippine government initiated the
passage of the Philippine Organic Agriculture Act of
2010 (R.A. 10068) that aims to attain healthy
communities and environment.
PHILIPPINE ORGANIC AGRICULTURE

BUREAU OF PLANT INDUSTRY’S RESPONSE
Conduct of projects supporting organic
agriculture
 DEVELOPMENT OF ORGANIC SEED PRODUCTION SYSTEM OF
LOWLAND VEGETABLES AND FIELD LEGUMES AT BPI-LBNCRDC
AND STRENGHTENING PARTNERSHIP IN CALABARZON,
MIMAROPA AND BICOL REGION
(Funded by DA-Bureau of Agricultural Research)

OBJECTIVES
 Evaluate the seed yield performance of selected
organically grown crops
 Produce organic seeds of National Industry
Council (NSIC) approved varieties and promising
lines of lowland vegetables and field legumes

OBJECTIVES
 Secure certification from the Organic
Certification Center of the Philippines (OCCP)
 Disseminate organic crop production
technology to farmers and interested
individuals in selected areas in the country

METHODOLOGY
Partnership with organic stakeholders
in CALABARZON, MIMAROPA and Bicol
Region
 BPI-LBNCRDPSC coordinated with the
Provincial Agriculture Office, Municipal
Agriculture Office and Local Government
Units (LGUs) in selected areas in
CALABARZON, MIMAROPA and Bicol
Region to identify potential partners.
 BPI and the identified collaborators signed
a Memorandum of Agreement (MOA).

Promotion of the organic seed production
technology
 Trainings on organic vegetable and seed
production were conducted with the
collaborators in their respective areas to provide
technical assistance and promote organic crop
production technology to farmers.
METHODOLOGY

PROBLEMS IN IMPLEMENTING
PHILIPPINE ORGANIC FARMING
seeds Partnership of
Stakeholders
research
guidelines training
programs

WE GOT CERTIFIED
OCCP “Certified Organic” Seal and Certificate
2013 2015

Comply to PNS Organic Requirements
A. Attended the 1 day seminar of Understanding
the Organic PNS
B. Selected area with a minimun of 2 years not
utilized for conventional. Most of the areas
are 5 years idle.
C. Submit Organic Management Plan (OMP)

OMP – ORGANIC MANAGEMENT PLAN

Activity 1: Establishment of organic
Four-hectare area was utilized for
organic seed production
 Pole sitao, cowpea, mungbean, tomato,
eggplant, okra, bitter gourd, sponge
gourd and bottle gourd

ORGANIC SEED PRODUCTION SITE OF THE CENTER

Maitenance of seedlings
 Water the seedlings with the mist nozzle or water
sprinkler 2 times a day (morning and afternoon).
 Spray Tropical Herbal Nutrient (TPN) and Fermented
Plant Juice (FPJ) to seedlings once or twice a week
(20 ml/liter).
 Seedlings for transplanting should be out from the
nursery at daytime (3 days).

Maitenance of seedlings
 Transfer the seedlings in the field when the seedlings
gained at least 3 leaves or three weeks from the
germination.
 Transplanting should be done late in the afternoon.

 Nutrient management techniques done
Organic fertilizer and concoctions used to manage nutrient requirement of organic crops
METHODOLOGY
ORGANIC FERTILIZER AND CONCOCTIONS DOSAGE/FRENQUENCY OF APPLICATION
Vermicompost • 0.5kg/m2 -1kg/m2
• basal application (at planting/side dressed before
flowering)
Fermented Plant
Juice (FPJ) (raw materials:Gliricidia sepium
leaves+molasses+water)
• 50 mL-100mL/knapsack sprayer
• once to twice a week
Tropical Herbal Nutrient (THN)
(ginger+luyang dilaw+molasses+lambanog)
• 50 mL-100mL/knapsack sprayer
• once to twice a week
Vermicompost extract • 20kg vermicompost soaked in 200L water for 2 to 3 days
• once a week
Goat manure extract • 10kg goat manure soaked in 200L water for 2 to 3 days
• once a week

Application of vermicompost
VERMICOMPOST
Rate of application : 0.50kg/m2 to
1kg/m2

Method of preparation and frequency of application of
Fermented Plant Juice (FPJ)
NUTRIENT
SUPPLEMENT
*METHOD OF PREPARATION DOSAGE AND
FREQUENCY
OF APPLICATION
Fermented Plant
Juice (FPJ)
1. Chop fresh kakawate leaves. Ÿ150-Ÿ200
mL/knapsack
sprayer
once to twice a
week
2. Add 2 kg sugar/molasses and 1 liter water for
every 4 kg kakawate leaves.
3. Place mixture in a jar. Cover and seal.
4. After 2 weeks, extract juice from mixture.
5. Store liquid and spray to plants every week to
see results. Juice can be stored up to 6 months.
*Method of preparation is based on existing techniques used in FPJ and OHN preparation. The proportion of kakawate leaves, water
and molasses in FPJ and ginger, molasses and lambanog in OHN were modified.

How to prepare Fermented Plant Juice FPJ
Gather 4kgs. fresh
Kakawate leaves
1 2 3
Add Molasses/Brown Sugar
and H₂O and mix it
Chop/shred the leaves
Put in an Earthen
jar/plastic container
and cover it
Store Extract the juiceSpray to crops
Ferment for 7 days
4567

Application
 Dilute 15-20mL of extract in 1 liter of water or 150-
200mL per knapsack sprayer and spray to leaves of
plants and soil. Do the spraying early in the morning or
late in the afternoon, when the microorganism are
very active. Apply to crops once to twice a week from
germination/transplanting to fruiting stage.

FPJ NUTRIENT ANALYSIS
Analytical Services Laboratory, Soils and Agro-Systems Division
Agricultural Systems Cluster, CA, UPLB
Nutrients % Composition
Nitrogen (N) 0.16
Phosphorus(P) 0.04
Potassium(K) 0.90

Method of preparation and frequency of application of
Oriental Herbal Nutrient (OHN)
NUTRIENT SUPPLEMENT *METHOD OF PREPARATION DOSAGE AND
FREQUENCY
OF APPLICATION
Oriental Herbal Nutrient
(OHN)
1. Prepare ginger and blend. Ÿ150-Ÿ200 mL/knapsack
sprayer
once to twice a week
2. Mix 2 kg sugar/molasses to every 5 kg ginger. Cover and
seal. Ferment for 7 days.
3. After 7 days, add 1 gallon of lambanog for every 5 kg
ginger, then cover and seal.
4. Decant liquid after 10 days (first extraction). This is good for
animals.
5. Add another gallon of lambanog to the same mixture
(second extraction). Amount of lambanog is the same as the
amount placed on the first extraction.
6. After 10 days, decant liquid. Store and spray on plants
every week when they weaken or start to flower.
*Method of preparation is based on existing techniques used in FPJ and OHN preparation. The proportion of kakawate leaves, water
and molasses in FPJ and ginger, molasses and lambanog in OHN were modified.

How to prepare Oriental Herbal Nutrient (OHN) ?
Chop ginger
Add Brown
Sugar/Molasses Ferment for 7 days
Add lambanog
after 7 days
Cover and seal
Extract after 10 days
(Good for Animal)
1st extraction
Add lambanog (same
volume placed at 1st
extraction and cover
Extr
act
after
10
days
Store and spray to
crops
1
5678
432

Extract of herbs which is used in natural farming
 to provide plants and soil microorganisms with micro-
nutrients
 optimize their resilience against environmental stresses
such as wind, heat and drought.
 It is used to discourage the growth of anaerobic,
potentially pathogenic microbes and
 encourage beneficial aerobic microbes in the soil and on
plants.

Raw materials needed to prepare OHN
 5 kgs. (i.e. ginger, garlic and turmeric)
 2kgs./2 liters of a brown sugar/molasses,
and
 1 gallon lambanog.

OHN Nutrients Analysis
Analytical Services Laboratory, Soils and Agro-Systems Division
Agricultural Systems Cluster, CA, UPLB
Nutrients % Composition
Calcium (Ca) 0.28
Phosphorus(P) 0.01
Potassium(K) 0.18
Magnesium (Mg) 0.02

Application Method
 Dilute 15-20mL of extract in 1 liter of water or
150-200mL per knapsack sprayer and spray to
leaves of plants and soil. Do the spraying early in
the morning or late in the afternoon, when the
microorganism are very active. Apply to crops
once to twice a week from
germination/transplanting until flowering.

Chop ginger Add molasses/sugar
How to prepare Tropical Herbal Nutrient (THN)

Ferment for 7 days
Add lambanog after 7 days

Cover and seal
1st extraction
(Good for animals)

Add lambanog (same volume
placed at 1st extraction)
Cover and seal

Second extraction
2nd extraction
Store and spray to crops

Crops and Varieties used in organic seed
production
Crop Variety
Cowpea BPI-Cp3,BPI-Cp5
Mungbean PSB Mg3, NSIC Mg14, NSIC Mg15, NSIC Mg16, NSIC Mg17
Pole sitao NSIC Ps4, BPI Ps4, NSIC Ps5, BPI-Ps3, PSB-Ps2
Tomato NSIC- Tm9, BPI-2026D Sel # 1, IPB 10162-1

ORGANIC CROPS
COWPEA (BPI-Cp3)

MUNGBEAN (NSIC Mg14)
ORGANIC CROPS

ORGANIC CROPS
POLE SITAO (PSB Ps2) POLE SITAO (NSIC Ps5)
POLE SITAO (NSIC Ps4)

ORGANIC CROPS
TOMATO (NSIC Tm9)

ORGANIC PEST MANAGEMENT
ORGANIC PESTICIDE TARGET PESTS METHOD OF PREPARATION AND DOSAGE FREQUENCY
OF
APPLICATION
Citronella extract Leafminers and
other sucking
insects
1. Gather and chop citronella leaves and
stalks
2. Blend chopped leaves and stalks
3. Mix with water and spray to crops using
a knapsack sprayer
Dosage:
250 g leaves and stalk (blend in 1L water):
2 knapsack sprayers (16 L/knapsack)
 Perla soap dissolved in water or liquid
detergent may be added to solution.
as needed

ORGANIC PESTICIDE TARGET PESTS METHOD OF PREPARATION AND DOSAGE FREQUENCY OF
APPLICATION
Chilli/Strawberry Hot
Chilli
Aphids and a
variety of pests
1. Gather and chop/blend
chillies/Strawberry hot chillies
2. Mix with water and spray to crops
using a knapsack sprayer (very early in
the morning/late in the afternoon)
Dosage:
30g strawberry hot chillies/50g chilli
pepper : 1 knapsack sprayers (16
L/knapsack)
As needed

OF
APPLICATION
Chives extract +
vinegar
Aphids 1. Gather and blend stalks of chives.
2. Mix blended stalk in vinegar.
(250 g:0.5 L vinegar:2 L H20)
3. Spray to crops (Late in the afternoon
and immediately water the next morning.
As needed

OF
APPLICATION
Guyabano seed
extract
Chewing insects
like caterpillar
1. Soak 70-100 guyabano seeds
overnight in 1L water
2. Blend soaked seeds
using a knapsack sprayer
Dosage:
70-100 seeds: 1 knapsack sprayer (16
L/knapsack)
as needed

OF
APPLICATION
Citronella + kakawate
+ Alagao leaves
White flies
Mites (seed
storage)
1. Gather and blend citronella,
kakawate and alagao leaves
using a knapsack sprayer
Dosage:
100 gms leaves of each plant : 1
knapsack sprayers (16 L/knapsack)
As needed

PESTS AND DISEASE MANAGEMENT
 Use of botanical plants
citronella, lemon grass, marigold, oregano,
peppermint, spearmint, chives and celosia
Citronella
Spearmint
Peppermint
Marigold
Celosia
Oregano
Lemon grass
Chives

BUFFER PLANTS AROUND THE PROJECT

Tomato (NSIC Tm9) planted in 2,100 sq.m. area
First harvesting yielded 123 kg fruits

NSIC Tm9 (970 sq m. - actual fresh yield -1.2 tons and seed yield
8.0 kgs)

PSB BPI PS 4 (1.9 tons/ha) actual seed
yield 180 kilos @ 3,500 sq m (18 times
harvesting)

AMPALAYA
Var. Sta Rita (BPI-LBNCRDC photo 2014)

Crop Variety Organic Seed
yield (t/ha)
Tomato NSIC-Tm9 8.0
Cowpea BPI-Cp3 1.05
Mungbean NSIC Mg14 0.88
Pole sitao PSB-Ps2 1.9
NSIC Ps5 1.40
Seed Yield of highest yielding varieties (2014)

Yield of NSIC Varieties
Cowpea1 Pole sitao2 Mungbean3 Tomato4
Variety Seed
yield
(t/ha)
Variety Seed yield
(t/ha)
Variety Seed yield
(t/ha)
Variety Seed yield
(t/ha)
BPI-Cp3 1.05a NSIC Ps5 1.40b PSB Mg3 0.51bc BPI-Tm9 0.057a
BPI-Cp5 0.45b NSIC Ps4 0.87c BPI Mg 9 0.32c BPI-2026D Sel #1 0.052b
PSB-Ps2 1.54a NSIC Mg 11 0.26c IPB 10162-1 0.021c
BPI-Ps4 0.83d NSIC Mg 14 0.88a
BPI-Ps3 0.63e NSIC Mg 15 0.82ab
Mean 0.75 1.054 0.56 0.043
CV (%) 0.00 1.414E-6 33.26 0.000
LSD (0.05) 0.00 41E-9 0.35 0.000
Note: Means with the same letter are not significant with each other
1Date planted: January 18, 2012 2 Date planted: January 29, 2013
3 Date planted: May 15, 2012 4 Date planted: January 8, 2013
Seed yield of different National Seed Industry Council varieties and promising lines of field
legumes and selected vegetable grown organically

Identification and Establishment of Partners: Coordination with
the Provincial and Municipal Agriculture Offices
Office of the
Provincial
Agriculturist
Province of Albay
with Ms. Grace Teano
DA- Regional Field Office
5, Pili, Camarines Sur with
Ms. Luz Marcelino , Head
Research Division and
Ms. Ailyn Adante (Focal
Person)
Municipal Agriculture
Office, Ocampo,
Camarines Sur with Ms.
Michelle Ricafrente
(Agricultural Technician)

WE GOT PARTNERS
 Organization for Industrial, Spiritual and Cultural
Advancement (OISCA) in Lucban, Quezon
 Hari Krishna Farm in Alaminos, Laguna
 Palawan Agricultural Experiment Station (PAES) in
Puerto Princesa, Palawan
 City Organic Farmers Association (COFA) in Calapan,
Oriental Mindoro
 Sandoval Malatgao Organic Farmers Association
(SMOFA) in Narra, Palawan
 Abaroan Small Farmers Association(ASFA), Roxas
Palawan

GUIDELINES ESTABLISHED
 Nutrient management techniques with
Organic fertilizer and concoctions and
frequency/dosage of application
documented and used to manage
nutrient requirement of organic crops

WE TRAINED OUR PARTNERS!
 The project’s major contribution is that
it answers the need for organic
planting materials.
 Since 2013, the project trained a total
of 2,025 farmers, farm technicians and
partners.

CALABARZON (BPI-LBNCRDC)
March 24, 2014
Hari Krishna Farm, Alaminos, Laguna

Puerto Princesa, Palawan
April 30,2014

SORSOGON
2014
2015
Training on Organic
Vegetable and Seed
Production

Participants in the Training on Organic Vegetable and
Seed Production in Guinobatan, Albay
May 23,2014

Participants during the Training on Organic Vegetable
and Seed Production in Oriental Mindoro (June 17, 2014)

Training on Organic Vegetable and Seed Production (Oriental Mindoro)

El Nido, Palawan

Virac, Catanduanes

Daet, Camarines Norte

SORSOGON Provincial Organic
Practitioner Association Officers with
Mayor Sara Lee

Conduct of Trainings and Harvest Festivals in the Area of
Partners
Organic Seed Production Training in Sta Cruz, Marinduque
(Farmers and LGU’s)
Odiongan, Romblon with PAO with
Ms. Relly Diokno (March 21, 2018)

Odiongan, Romblon with PAO with Ms. Relly
Diokno (March 21, 2018)
Partners

Partners
HARVEST FESTIVALS
CLC, Camarines Sur

Partners
HARVEST FESTIVALS
PAES, Puerto Princesa Palawan

Partners
HARVEST FESTIVALS
Madrigal Foundation Inc., Camarines Sur

WE DISTRIBUTED OUR CERTIFIED SEEDS!
 A total of 1,112 kilograms of organic seeds of
assorted crops produced through this project
reached different parts of the country.
 Organic seeds of assorted crops are now
available not only at BPI-LBNCRDPSC but also
at the area of partners for distribution to
farmers and other requesting parties.

IMPORTANT CONTRIBUTIONS OF THE PROJECT
Seed distribution in Lucban, Quezon with Lucban Mayor Olivier Dator and
Municipal Agriculturist, Ms. Sonia Cachuela

Lucban Trading Post

Seed Distribution in
Sorsogon with Mr. Nestor A. Nava
(collaborator)
Seed Distribution in
Oriental Mindoro with Mr. Rudy
Carticiano (collaborator) Kandarpa Sundari
International Society for
Krishna Consciousness
Calauan Laguna (9.0 has)
Distribution of Organic Seeds and Information, Education, and
Communication Materials

Seed Distribution
Mr. Arvin Quilloy (Los Baños,
Laguna)
Seed Distribution
Mr. Fernando Aquino (Sta. Cruz, Laguna-5000
sq m. organic techno demo and for 14
municipalities of Laguna)

Pangasinan Research and Experiment Center
Sual, Pangasinan
(a beneficiary of BPI organic seeds in Pangasinan)

Eharvest Corporation SIPAG Samahang Industriya sa
Pagugulayan ng Laguna

Seed and Flyers distribution in Marinduque Odiongan, Romblon with MAO Ms.
Remy
Lubang Island, Occidental Mindoro
with MAO Ms. Elsie Tovedera

Seed distribution of organic seeds and
flyers with the MAO of San Jose,
Occidental Mindoro, Mr. Calingasan
Tarlac Central Luzon Integrated
Agricultural Research Center with Mr.
Ramon F. Timbol Center Chief,
Distributed IEC flyers and
Organic Seeds
Seed distribution of organic seeds and
flyers in Masbate

OISCA, as one of the project partners, follows the
BPI standard protocol in organic farming.
Costales Nature Farms, Inc. tied up with OISCA to
supply them daily with organic produce.

OISCA’s crops gained higher market price. For instance,
their organic squash with a farm gate price of P6.00
only is bought by Costales Nature Farms for P40.00.
More organic farmers are now joining OISCA so that
their commodities can be directly linked to consumers
and the private sector.
The event led to the start of Organic Trading Post in
Lucban, Quezon.

WE AIM TO KEEP ON PRODUCING CERTIFIED ORGANIC SEEDS
seeds
Partnership of
Stakeholders
research
guidelines training
programs

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT…
o Our heartfelt gratitude is especially dedicated to our loving
GOD who had provided everything to make this possible.
o BPI Management
o DA-BAR
o LGU of CALABARZON
o LGU of MIMAROPA
o LGU of BICOL Region
o To the project`s partner groups
o To the project`s laborers who patiently work in the field
o And to all the Center`s staff who offered help and support for
the attainment of the project`s objectives

Thank you very
much and God bless
us all!

Herminigilda A. Gabertan, PhD (Project leader)
 Lorna M. Tepper (Study leader)
 Eugenia M. Buctuanon (Study leader)
 Mercedes L. Dela Cueva (Study leader)
 Meanne P. Andes (Research Assistant)
 Benito M. Sojor (Research Assistant)
Agency: Bureau of Plant Industry-Los Baños National Crop
Research, Development and Production Support Center
(BPI-LBNCRDPSC)
Location: Brgy. Timugan, Los Baños, Laguna
Email: bpi_lbncrdc@yahoo.com.ph
Telephone: (049)536-0285
Fax: (049)536-0285

Organic seed production systems for field legumes and lowland vegetables

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