Optoelectronics is the branch of technology concerned with the combined use of electronics and light. It deals with devices that emit, modulate, transmit, and sense light. Common devices include incandescent lamps, LEDs, laser diodes, plasma devices, and gas lasers. Optical fibers are thin glass fibers that guide light over long distances using total internal reflection. Optoelectronic devices work by using electronic components to generate, modulate, and detect light.

1. Name:-Sambit Kumar Sahoo

2. What is OptoElectronics?
 The branch of technology concerned with the combined use of electronics
and light.
 It deals with electronic devices for emitting, modulating, transmitting, and
sensing light

3. • Incandescent lamps are the most common type of light emitting electronic used around the
house. The lamps rely on heating up a thin wire (usually tungsten) to white heat.
• • Low efficiency, most of the energy used is transferred to heat.
• • Due to low efficiency, are being replace with LEDs
Incandescent lamps

5. LED (Light Emitting Diode)
Light Emitting Diode (LED) is a heavily doped
p-n junction used in forward bias. When current
flows in forward-bias, electrons from n-side
reach to p-side where they combines with the
holes. This recombination is associated with the
release of a photon and hence light is released.

6. Diagram of LED

7. • Plasma devices are used to excite a gas using an electrical charge to
produce plasma.
• Plasma is one of the four fundamental states of matter.
• Typically used for visual effects.
• The excitement of gasses produces very cool colors of light.
Plasma Devices

8. • A laser diode is a laser where the active medium is a semiconductor similar to that found in a LED
• Laser diodes emits light either from its edge or its surface and creates a smaller beam than a LED
• This makes it easier for use with the smaller core found in a single-mode optical fiber.
Laser diodes

9. • Gas lasers use the same type of mechanism as plasma devices.
• An inert gas is excited to produce light. • That light is reflected off of mirrors to be
focused into a beam.
• Mainly used for laser etching and in making holograms.
Gas Lasers

11. What is Opticalfiber ?
• An optical fiber is a hair thin cylindrical fiber of glass or any
transparent dielectric medium.
• The fiber which are used for optical communication are
wave guides made of transparent dielectrics.
• It’s function is to guide visible and infrared light over long
distance.

12. STRUCTURE

13. • The basic function of an optical transmitter is to convert the electrical
input signals into modulated light for transmission over an optical fiber.
• Total Internal Reflection(TIR)
• When an ray of light travels from a denser to a rarer medium such that the
angle of incidence is greater than the critical angle, the ray reflects back into
the same medium this phenomena is called TIR.
• In the optical fiber the rays undergo repeated total number of reflections
until it emerges out of the other end of the fiber, even if fiber is bend.
WORKING PRINCIPLE

14. • Optoelectronics is the study and application of electronic devices that
source, detect and control light.
• Optoelectronics can be broken down into two sub-divisions; light emission
and light detection.
• Light emission device usually consist of a substance being energized by a
current to produce light.
• Light detector device usually consist of a substance that is sensitive to the
presence of light. Changing the conductivity or energizing a circuit.
SUMMARY