Optical sensors مجسات ضوئية
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This document discusses optical fiber sensors, including their principles and classifications. Optical fiber sensors have advantages like electromagnetic immunity, electrical isolation, compact size, and ability to do distributed or multiplexed configurations. They can sense and measure changes in light intensity, phase, polarization, wavelength or spectral distribution. Optical fiber sensors are classified as extrinsic or intrinsic. Extrinsic sensors have the light leave the fiber to be altered before returning, while intrinsic sensors alter the light within the fiber. The document gives examples of applications for different types of optical fiber sensors such as temperature, chemical, pressure, and military sensors.
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Chapter 4b
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2. In an LED, electron-hole pair recombination in the depletion region and surrounding areas results in photon emission. The photon energy is approximately equal to the semiconductor's band gap energy.
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المجسات الضوئية
لمزيد من المعلومات والدروس التقنية واخر الاخبار التقنية
مهووسو التقنية الحديثة
NewTechGeeks
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http://newtechgeeks.com/ar/
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TOPICS INCLUDED IN THIS PRESENTATION
INTRODUCTION
WHY OPTICAL SENSORS ?
PRINCIPLE OF OPTICAL SENSORS
CLASSIFICATION AND COMPARISON
SOME INTERESTING APPLICATIONS
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INTRODUCTION
NEW REVOLUTION OF OPTICAL FIBER SENSORS
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This document discusses different sources of noise in optical communication systems. It describes thermal noise, shot noise from dark current, and shot noise from photocurrent. Thermal noise is caused by random motion of electrons and is proportional to temperature and bandwidth. Shot noise arises from the discrete nature of electrons and is proportional to current. The total receiver noise is the combination of thermal noise, shot noise from dark current, shot noise from photocurrent, and amplifier noise. The signal to noise ratio takes all these noise sources into account.
Photodetector (Photodiode)
Photodetectors convert optical signals to electrical signals and are the fundamental component of optical receivers. The most common photodetectors are photodiodes, which come in PIN and avalanche photodiode (APD) varieties. PIN photodiodes simply convert light to current, while APDs provide internal gain through impact ionization but introduce excess noise. Key requirements for photodetectors include sensitivity at desired wavelengths, fast response time, low noise, and insensitivity to temperature.
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المجسات الضوئية
لمزيد من المعلومات والدروس التقنية واخر الاخبار التقنية
مهووسو التقنية الحديثة
NewTechGeeks
EngASM89
http://newtechgeeks.com/ar/
المجسات الضوئية والية عملها
لمزيد من المعلومات والدروس التقنية واخر الاخبار التقنية
مهووسو التقنية الحديثة
NewTechGeeks
EngASM89
http://newtechgeeks.com/ar/
المجس الضوئي Ldr
لمزيد من المعلومات والدروس التقنية واخر الاخبار التقنية
مهووسو التقنية الحديثة
NewTechGeeks
EngASM89
http://newtechgeeks.com/ar/
optical fibre ppt for download visit http://nowcracktheworld.blogspot.in/
Optical fibre
Basic physics of OFC
Merits & Demerits of OFC
Nomenclature of OFC
Absorption & attenuation
Jointing & termination of OFC
Optical sources & Detectors
FBG & Applications
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مجس انذار الحريق Fire sensor
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- 2. INTRODUCTION WHY OPTICAL SENSORS ? PRINCIPLE OF OPTICAL SENSORS CLASSIFICATION AND COMPARISON SOME INTERESTING APPLICATIONS WHERE DO WE GO FROM HERE ?
- 3. • NEW REVOLUTION OF OPTICAL FIBER SENSORS • IT IS A “SPIN-OFF” FROM OTHER OPTICAL TECHNOLOGIES • SEEING THE POTENTIAL IN SENSING APPLICATIONS – DEVELOPED AS ITS OWN FIELD
- 4. • ELECTROMAGNETIC IMMUNITY • ELECTRICAL ISOLATION • COMPACT AND LIGHT • BOTH POINT AND DISTRIBUTED CONFIGURATION • WIDE DYNAMIC RANGE • AMENABLE TO MULTIPLEXING
- 5. •LIGHT BEAM CHANGES BY THE PHENOMENA THAT IS BEING MEASURED •LIGHT MAY CHANGE IN ITS FIVE OPTICAL PROPERTIES i.e INTENSITY, PHASE, POLARIZATION,WAVELENGTH AND SPECTRAL DISTRIBUTION
- 6. EP(t)cos[ωt+θ(t)] • INTENSITY BASED SENSORS – EP (t) • FREQUENCY VARYING SENSORS - ωP(t) • PHASE MODULATING SENSING- θ(t) • POLARIZATION MODULATING FIBER SENSING
- 7. • EXTRINSIC SENSORS WHERE THE LIGHT LEAVES THE FEED OR TRANSMITTING FIBER TO BE CHANGED BEFORE IT CONTINUES TO THE DETECTOR BY MEANS OF THE RETURN OR RECEIVING FIBER
- 8. • INTRINSIC SENSORS INTRINSIC SENSORS ARE DIFFERENT IN THAT THE LIGHT BEAM DOES NOT LEAVE THE OPTICAL FIBER BUT IS CHANGED WHILST STILL CONTAINED WITHIN IT.
- 9. EXTRINSIC INTRINSIC APPLICATIONS- ROTATION, ACCELERATION, STRAIN, ACOUSTIC PRESSURE AND VIBRATION. MORE SENSITIVE TOUGHER TO MULTIPLEX REDUCES CONNECTION PROBLEMS MORE ELABORATE SIGNAL DEMODULATION MORE EXPENSIVE APPLICATIONS-TEMPERATURE, PRESSURE,LIQUID LEVEL AND FLOW. LESS SENSITIVE EASILY MULTIPLEXED INGRESS/ EGRESS CONNECTION PROBLEMS EASIER TO USE LESS EXPENSIVE
- 10. CHEMICAL SENSORS • REMOTE SPECTROSCOPY • GROUNDWATER AND SOIL CONTAMINATION • MAJOR PLAYERS IN CHEMICAL SENSORS 1) PHARMACIA BIOTECH (SWEDEN) 2) FIBERCHEM 3) THE QUANTUM GROUP TEMPERATURE SENSORS • LARGEST COMMERCIALLY AVAILABLE SENSORS • RANGE -40 deg C TO 1000 deg C • US-SMALL COMPANIES, JAPAN- HITACHI n SUMITOMO
- 11. MILITARY AND LAW ENFORCEMENT • THIS SENSOR ENABLES LOW LIGHT IMAGING AT TV FRAME RATES AND ABOVE WITHOUT THE LIMITATIONS OF VACUM TUBE BASED SYSTEMS.