The document provides information about various eponyms in ophthalmology, including the names of the physicians they are named after and brief descriptions of the clinical findings or tests. Some of the eponyms mentioned include Fleischer ring, Hutchinson's sign, Maddox rod test, Seidel's test, Snellen chart, Arlt's line, Purkinje images, Axenfeld's syndrome, and Wernicke's hemianopic pupil. The document is intended as a reference for important historical figures in ophthalmology and clinical signs and tests named in their honor.

1. OphthalmologyOphthalmology
Eponyms II !Eponyms II !
By
Dr.Ahmed Alsherbiny
MSc. Ophth

2. For The Great
Ophthalmologists Whom
Paved The Way For Us , I
Dedicate This
Presentation :)

3. Fleischer

4. Bruno Fleischer
German ophthalmologist, born May 2, 1874, Stuttgart; died 1965

5. Kayser-Fleischer’s ring
Wilson’s disease

6. Fleischer’s ring
visible all around the base of cone in Keratoconus .

7. Hutchinson

8. Sir Jonathan Hutchinson
English ophthalmologist, born 1828 and died 1913.

9. Hutchinson's sign
Involvement of the tip of the nose from herpes zoster, a sign taken
to indicate that the eye may be seriously involved by VZV because
of the involvement of the nasal branch of the nasociliary nerve.

10. Hutchinson's Triad
It is a common pattern of presentation for congenital syphilis, and consists of
three phenomena: interstitial keratitis, Hutchinson incisors, and eighth nerve
deafness.

11. Hutchinson ferckle
Lentigo maligna (melanoma in situ, intraepidermal melanoma,
Hutchinson freckle) is an uncommon condition that develops in
sun-damaged skin in elderly individuals. Malignant change may
occur, with infiltration of the dermis.

12. Hutchinson's pupil

13. Hutchinson-Tay choriditis
Familial dominant drusen (Doyne honeycomb choroiditis, malattia
leventinese) is thought to represent an early-onset variant of age-
related macular degeneration.

14. Hutchinson's patch
in syphylitic interstitial keratitis the cellular infiltration and
clouding that may obscure the still-perfused vessels to give the
characteristic pinkish ‘salmon patch’ appearance

15. Maddox

16. Ernest Edmund Maddox
British ophthalmologist (1863-1933) .

17. Maddox Wing
Quick and efficient near test for Near Heterophoria horizontal and
vertical deviations plus Cydophoria

18. Maddox rod
a transparent cylindrical glass rod or one of a series of such
rods placed one above another for use in testing the eyes for
heterophoria

19. Maddox Cross

20. Möbius

21. Paul Julius Möbius
German neurologist, born January 24, 1853, Leipzig; died 1907, Leipzig.

22. Möbius syndrome
is a rare, usually sporadic, condition, the basic components of
which are congenital non-progressive bilateral sixth and seventh
cranial nerve palsies that are believed to relate to a developmental
abnormality of the brainstem

23. Möbius sign
Weakness of convergence in TED

24. Muller

25. Heinrich Müller
German anatomist (1820–1864)

26. Muller’s muscle
1.It arises from the under surface of the levator muscle, and inserts onto
the superior border of the tarsus, positioned directly under the levator
aponeurosis

27. Muller cell
extend through the entire thickness of the retina and act as a
support for the other structures

28. Seidel

29. Erich Seidel
German Ophthalmologist (1882–1948).

30. Seidel's test
a test which uses 2% sodium fluorescein to check for leaks
such as post corneal trauma or post-trabeculectomy

31. Seidel's scotoma
is a sickle-shaped scotoma that is a superior or inferior
extension of the blind spot

32. Bjerrum

33. Jannik Peterson Bjerrum
Danish ophthalmologist. Born 1851, died 1920.

34. Bjerrum screen

35. Bjerrum scotoma
a visual field defect characteristic of glaucoma. It is a nerve fiber bundle
defect extending from the blind spot, sweeping around the macular region
and ending in a straight line on the nasal side corresponding to the temporal
raphe in the retina.

36. Snellen

37. Herman Snellen
Dutch ophthalmologist, born 19th February, 1834, Zeist (Utrecht); died
18th January, 1908.

38. Snellen's charts

39. Snellen's operation (tarsal
wedge resection)
In treatment of upper eyelid cicatricial entropion

40. Arlt

41. Carl Ferdinand Ritter von Arlt
German ophthalmologist, born April 18, 1812, Obergraupen near Teplitz in
Bohemia; died March 7, 1887.

42. Arlt's Line
Trachoma conjunctival scar in sulcus
subtarsalis.

43. Arlt’s operation
Transplantation of eyelashes back from the edge of the
eyelid for treatment of distichiasis

44. Arlt’s syndrome
A contagious eye infection caused by Chlamydia
trachomatis

45. Arlt's triangle
keratic precipitates distributed in a wedge-shaped area on
the inferior corneal endothelium

46. Purkinje

47. Jan Evangelista Purkinje
Czech physician and neurophysiologist, born 1787; died1869

48. The Purkinje vascular entoptic test
a test of macular function which employs a light directed through the sclera
illuminating the fundus. This light casts shadows of retinal blood vessels on to
posterior pole photoreceptors. When the light source is moved, a patient with a
good macular function should be able to see a negative image of his or her retinal
blood vessels

49. Purkinje-Sanson images
At least four Purkinje images are usually visible. The first Purkinje image (P1)
is the reflection from the outer surface of the cornea. The second Purkinje
image (P2) is the reflection from the inner surface of the cornea. The third
Purkinje image (P3) is the reflection from the outer (anterior) surface of
the lens. The fourth Purkinje image (P4) is the reflection from the inner
(posterior) surface of the lens. Unlike the others, P4 is an inverted image.

50. Purkinje effect
is the tendency for the peak luminance sensitivity of the human eye to shift
toward the blue end of the color spectrum at low illumination levels

51. Purkinje afterimage
Visual sensation persisting after the originalstimulus has been removed

52. Axenfeld

53. Karl Theodor Paul Polykarpus
Axenfeld
German ophthalmologist, born 24th June 1867, Smyrna, Asia Minor; died 29th
July, 1930, Freiburg im Breisgau.

54. Axenfeld's syndrome
A syndrome characterised by posterior corneal embryotoxon,
prominent Schwalbe's line and iris adhesion to the Schwalbe’s line.

55. Morax–Axenfeld bacillus
is Gram negative, non motile bacteria, generally present as diploid
pairs. They cause one of the commonest forms of catarrhal conjunctivitis

56. Axenfeld loop
Is a ciliary nerve loop that is noticeable in the sclera

57. Haab

58. Otto Haab
Swiss ophthalmologist (April 19,1850 – October 17, 1931)

59. Haab’s striae
breaks in Descemet membrane seen in congenital glaucoma

60. Haab’s reflex
Is another name for pupillary light reflex

61. Haab’s Magnet
A powerful magnet used for removing metallic particles from the eye

62. Haab’s scale
)Haab’s Pupillometer) Is a device used to measure pupillary diameter

63. Wernicke

64. Carl Wernicke
German physician, anatomist, psychiatrist and neuropathologis
(May 15,1848 – June 15, 1905)

65. Wernicke’s hemianopic pupil
In optic tract lesions

66. Wernicke’s encephalopathy
Due to Thiamin (vitamin B1) defeciency

67. Thank You