This document discusses operating systems. It defines an operating system as software that controls computer resources and provides an interface between applications and hardware. It describes the main types of operating systems as simple batch systems, time-sharing systems, and network operating systems. The document also outlines the main functions of an operating system as application management, input/output management, device management, CPU management, and hardware management. It briefly mentions the structures of operating systems and lists some popular examples including Windows 7, Ubuntu, Linux, Mac, and Windows 10.