This document discusses the business and policy case for open educational resources (OER). It notes that the number of students in tertiary education is growing rapidly and accommodating this growth would require building many new universities. OER provide a way to increase access to education at low cost since copying and distributing digital resources approaches zero cost. It outlines several benefits of OER including customization, affordability, and translation. Research shows that when the cost of sharing information is near zero, there is an ethical obligation to share and governments should require publicly funded resources be openly licensed. Studies also found students prefer and perform as well or better in courses using open textbooks compared to traditional textbooks. The document argues for policies that promote efficient use of public funds
Open Education Week: Community College OER Innovation PanelUna Daly
Presentation from Open Education Week, March 13, 2013
From a "Basic Arithmetic MOOC” to an “OER-based General Education Certificate”, learn about the innovation at our two-year public colleges and how to best support institutional adoption of OER at your college.
Website: http://oerconsortium.org
How to participate
Webinar time: 19:00-20:00 GMT/UTC
Webinar language: English
PRIOR TO THE MEETING
Test Your Computer Readiness
Use the following link to login to the webinar: http://www.cccconfer.org/MyConfer/GoToMeetingAnonymousely.aspx?MeetingSeriesID=7f5ae919-67a1-4e98-8cf7-861fc0692b93
When prompted, please enter first and last name, email address, and screen name and click on the Connect button to proceed to webinar.
Speakers
Una Daly
MA, Community College Outreach, OpenCourseWare Consortium
Dr. Wm. Preston Davis
Director of Instructional Services, ELI, Northern Virginia Community College
Dr. Donna Gaudet
Math Professor, Scottsdale Community College, Arizona
Quill West
OER Project Director, Tacoma Community College, Washington
http://net.educause.edu/eliweb119 (recording here too - though I'm not sure if Educause requires you be an ELI member to see it - I think it will be open - hope so :)
Join Malcolm Brown, EDUCAUSE Learning Initiative director, and Veronica Diaz, ELI associate director, as they moderate this webinar with Cable Green, PhD, Director of Global Learning, Creative Commons. Cable Green, Director of Global Learning @ Creative Commons, will discuss how, if we are smart, we will use today's technical and legal tools to build and share high quality, affordable educational resources with everyone who wants to learn. The combined forces of digital content, the Internet and the effect of Moore's law push the cost of storing, replicating and distributing educational materials, once created, to near zero. Open licensing allows this content to be reused, revised, remixed and redistributed so others may localize, customize, translate, and (most important) collect and share open data on the effectiveness of the educational resources to continuously improve their quality. Cable will also discuss how open policies, once adopted, make sustainability a non-issue and ensure publicly funded educational resources are open educational resources.
Open Education Week: Community College OER Innovation PanelUna Daly
Presentation from Open Education Week, March 13, 2013
From a "Basic Arithmetic MOOC” to an “OER-based General Education Certificate”, learn about the innovation at our two-year public colleges and how to best support institutional adoption of OER at your college.
Website: http://oerconsortium.org
How to participate
Webinar time: 19:00-20:00 GMT/UTC
Webinar language: English
PRIOR TO THE MEETING
Test Your Computer Readiness
Use the following link to login to the webinar: http://www.cccconfer.org/MyConfer/GoToMeetingAnonymousely.aspx?MeetingSeriesID=7f5ae919-67a1-4e98-8cf7-861fc0692b93
When prompted, please enter first and last name, email address, and screen name and click on the Connect button to proceed to webinar.
Speakers
Una Daly
MA, Community College Outreach, OpenCourseWare Consortium
Dr. Wm. Preston Davis
Director of Instructional Services, ELI, Northern Virginia Community College
Dr. Donna Gaudet
Math Professor, Scottsdale Community College, Arizona
Quill West
OER Project Director, Tacoma Community College, Washington
http://net.educause.edu/eliweb119 (recording here too - though I'm not sure if Educause requires you be an ELI member to see it - I think it will be open - hope so :)
Join Malcolm Brown, EDUCAUSE Learning Initiative director, and Veronica Diaz, ELI associate director, as they moderate this webinar with Cable Green, PhD, Director of Global Learning, Creative Commons. Cable Green, Director of Global Learning @ Creative Commons, will discuss how, if we are smart, we will use today's technical and legal tools to build and share high quality, affordable educational resources with everyone who wants to learn. The combined forces of digital content, the Internet and the effect of Moore's law push the cost of storing, replicating and distributing educational materials, once created, to near zero. Open licensing allows this content to be reused, revised, remixed and redistributed so others may localize, customize, translate, and (most important) collect and share open data on the effectiveness of the educational resources to continuously improve their quality. Cable will also discuss how open policies, once adopted, make sustainability a non-issue and ensure publicly funded educational resources are open educational resources.
The Future of OCW discussed in a presentation at the Asia OCW Meeting in Taipei. Youngsup Kim, board member of the OCWC and Igor Lesko, membership services coordinator co-present
MOOCs and ICT Education: Disruptive or Merely DistractngUna Daly
MOOCs and ICT Education: Disruptive or Merely Distracting
Computer Science and IT courses were the first MOOCs (massively open online courses) from Stanford and MIT and continue to dominate the online education disruption. Less than two years in, Udacity has announced a new focus on corporate and vocational training and Coursera is partnering with the World Bank to create courses relevant to the developing world.
Although these MOOC providers keep redefining their mission, what if any lessons can ICT Educators at community colleges learn from this online education disruption?
Join us for a discussion about how community colleges might develop and utilize MOOC courses and content. Hear early outcomes from colleges that have already engaged in MOOCs and their visions for future online interaction.
Open Access Week: College of Du Page KeynoteUna Daly
Open Access Week keynote for In Service Day at College of DuPage in Glen Ellyn, Illinois. Choose Generation Open: Transforming Teaching and Learning with Open Educational Resources with Una Daly, Community College Director at the Open Education Consortium and Kate Hess, Faculty Librarian, at Kirkwood College, Iowa.
The Value of Distance Education: Burden or Blessing?Mark Brown
Presentation at the Graduate Employment Conference: The Economic Value of Higher Education. Commonwealth Association of Universities, Auckland, 12th July, 2013.
A crash course on open educational resources which covers the 4 'R's of Openness, access based on ALMS analysis, sustainability models and copyright. It further discusses the current state of OER in Asia. The last part provides a case study for reuse of OER in ODL courses.
In the fall of 2012, the BC Ministry of Advanced Education announced funding to support the development of open textbooks. The primary goal of the project is to save post-secondary students money by promoting the adoption of free, open textbooks. But there are additional goals and benefits of the open textbook project that will benefit the post-secondary system in BC and beyond. In this presentation, Clint Lalonde from BCcampus will give an update on the BC Open Textbook project, and talk about some of the other open educational goals of the project that go beyond saving students money.
This presentation features examples of open access around the world. We would love to see connections among tourism and conservation professionals and academics. Are statistics freely available? Are scholarly reports accessible? Comments are welcome and so are embeds, likes and shares.
Planeta.com
http://planeta.com/open
http://planeta.com/yearofopen
Wiki
http://planeta.wikispaces.com/open
http://planeta.wikispaces.com/openaccess
http://planeta.wikispaces.com/openscience
http://planeta.wikispaces.com/oer
We Need to Talk About Paid Editing: Sorting Out Wikipedia's Most Enduring Arg...Beutler Ink
This presentation explores the past, present and future of paid editing on Wikipedia, now one of the world's top 5 websites.
Originally presented at Wikimania 2014 in London by Andrew Lih (User:Fuzheado), Christophe Henner (User:Schiste), and William Beutler (User:WWB).
The Future of OCW discussed in a presentation at the Asia OCW Meeting in Taipei. Youngsup Kim, board member of the OCWC and Igor Lesko, membership services coordinator co-present
MOOCs and ICT Education: Disruptive or Merely DistractngUna Daly
MOOCs and ICT Education: Disruptive or Merely Distracting
Computer Science and IT courses were the first MOOCs (massively open online courses) from Stanford and MIT and continue to dominate the online education disruption. Less than two years in, Udacity has announced a new focus on corporate and vocational training and Coursera is partnering with the World Bank to create courses relevant to the developing world.
Although these MOOC providers keep redefining their mission, what if any lessons can ICT Educators at community colleges learn from this online education disruption?
Join us for a discussion about how community colleges might develop and utilize MOOC courses and content. Hear early outcomes from colleges that have already engaged in MOOCs and their visions for future online interaction.
Open Access Week: College of Du Page KeynoteUna Daly
Open Access Week keynote for In Service Day at College of DuPage in Glen Ellyn, Illinois. Choose Generation Open: Transforming Teaching and Learning with Open Educational Resources with Una Daly, Community College Director at the Open Education Consortium and Kate Hess, Faculty Librarian, at Kirkwood College, Iowa.
The Value of Distance Education: Burden or Blessing?Mark Brown
Presentation at the Graduate Employment Conference: The Economic Value of Higher Education. Commonwealth Association of Universities, Auckland, 12th July, 2013.
A crash course on open educational resources which covers the 4 'R's of Openness, access based on ALMS analysis, sustainability models and copyright. It further discusses the current state of OER in Asia. The last part provides a case study for reuse of OER in ODL courses.
In the fall of 2012, the BC Ministry of Advanced Education announced funding to support the development of open textbooks. The primary goal of the project is to save post-secondary students money by promoting the adoption of free, open textbooks. But there are additional goals and benefits of the open textbook project that will benefit the post-secondary system in BC and beyond. In this presentation, Clint Lalonde from BCcampus will give an update on the BC Open Textbook project, and talk about some of the other open educational goals of the project that go beyond saving students money.
This presentation features examples of open access around the world. We would love to see connections among tourism and conservation professionals and academics. Are statistics freely available? Are scholarly reports accessible? Comments are welcome and so are embeds, likes and shares.
Planeta.com
http://planeta.com/open
http://planeta.com/yearofopen
Wiki
http://planeta.wikispaces.com/open
http://planeta.wikispaces.com/openaccess
http://planeta.wikispaces.com/openscience
http://planeta.wikispaces.com/oer
We Need to Talk About Paid Editing: Sorting Out Wikipedia's Most Enduring Arg...Beutler Ink
This presentation explores the past, present and future of paid editing on Wikipedia, now one of the world's top 5 websites.
Originally presented at Wikimania 2014 in London by Andrew Lih (User:Fuzheado), Christophe Henner (User:Schiste), and William Beutler (User:WWB).
Slides for a talk on "Open Practices for the Connected Researcher" given by Brian Kelly, UKOLN at the University of Exeter on 23 October 2012, as part of a series of Open Access Week events held at the university.
See http://www.ukoln.ac.uk/web-focus/events/seminars/exeter-open-access-week-2012/
This presentation was provided to the employees of Baumeler Reisen in Luzern, Switzerland, on 7 November the World Responsible Tourism Day. Baumeler and PAN Parks entered into a partnership in September, and the company offers now two PAN Parks branded trips: Majella and Oulanka. This presentation aimed at strengthening the understanding of the partners
A presentation from the World Parks Congress in Sydney on ecotourism and protected areas, presented at the Tourism and Protected Areas Specialist Group session on Tourism and Protected Areas, on Thursday 13 November 2014
Lotería de Muertos (Day of the Dead Bingo)ron mader
Day of the Dead (Dia de los Muertos) is an annual celebration that manifests a rich blend of Catholic and indigenous traditions.
Spirits of the beloved dead return to their homes and visit for a short time with their families and friends. The first day of November the souls of departed children arrive, and on the second day of November they are joined by spirits of adults. Like all visitors, they are welcomed with food, drink, stories, memories and good will. Their presence is considered a blessing and brings joy to their loved ones.
In preparation for this celebration, the last days of October are spent preparing special loaves of sweet bread (pan de muerto), and desserts; making mole, harvesting special flowers, including marigolds (cempasúchil); creating altars in the home and decorating grave sites. Decorations in the form of whimsical skeletons and candy skulls abound. Death is not to be feared but embraced.
Planeta.com
http://www.planeta.com/ecotravel/mexico/mexdead.html
Wiki
http://oaxaca.wikispaces.com/muertos
Transitions Abroad
http://www.transitionsabroad.com/listings/travel/special/articles/oaxaca-mexico-day-of-the-dead.shtml
Slideshare
http://www.slideshare.net/planeta/muertos2010
September 8 is International Literacy Dayron mader
The development of the written word enabled the development of human culture. This presentation reviews literacy – the ability to read and write – and digital literacy. We celebrate International Literacy Day (September 8) and the role public libraries play. Comments are welcome and so are embeds, likes and shares.
Details on the Planeta Wiki
http://planeta.wikispaces.com/literacy
Blog
https://ronmader.wordpress.com/2015/09/08/literacyday2015
Creative Commons Licenses for Flipped EducatorsBdelosArcos
Last September, when Kari Arfstrom visited Milton Keynes as an OERRHub fellow, we talked about creating an infographic for flipped educators that would explain in a simple and engaging manner how to use Creative Commons Licenses. Last January, when Jon Bergmann and Aaron Sams visited Milton Keynes en route to speaking at BETT13, we talked about creating an infographic for flipped educators that would explain in a simple and engaging manner how to use Creative Commons licenses. Well, let me introduce you to Mr. O'Pen.
For more information: oerresearchhub.org
What are your inspired, go-to Turkey resources? This presentation features snapshots from old school websites and social web channels and apps. You are welcome to adapt and reuse the materials with the attribution-sharealike license. We welcome your interaction -- comments, questions, suggestions, shares, clips, favorites, likes and hearts.
Planeta
http://planeta.com/turkey
http://planeta.com/euroeco17
Wiki
http://planeta.wikispaces.com/turkey
Slides for a workshop session on "Open Knowledge: Wikipedia and Beyond" facilitated by Brian Kelly and Simon Grant, Cetis at the Cetis 2014 conference at the University of Bolton on 17-18 June 2014.
See http://ukwebfocus.wordpress.com/events/cetis-2014-open-knowledge-wikipedia-and-beyond/
Planeta.com welcomes editorial comments from readers. Here's what works best! Comments are welcome and so are embeds, likes and shares.
http://www.planeta.com
http://planeta.wikispaces.com
Día de los Muertos: Day of the Dead in Oaxaca, Mexicoron mader
Celebrating Day of the Dead in Oaxaca, Mexico
Photos @ Ron Mader
More info about Day of the Dead in Mexico
http://www.planeta.com/ecotravel/mexico/mexdead.html
Oaxaca Wiki
http://http://oaxaca.wikispaces.com/muertos
Si Más Bicicletas!
Yes More Bicycles!
Oui plus de vélos!
This presentation features screenshots and artwork promoting biking and cycling around the world. You are welcome to adapt and reuse with the attribution-sharealike license. We welcome your interaction -- comments, questions, suggestions, shares, clips, favorites, likes and hearts.
Planeta
http://planeta.com/bikes
Wiki
http://planeta.wikispaces.com/bikes
http://planeta.wikispaces.com/simasbicicletas
Flickr Group
http://www.flickr.com/groups/simasbicicletas
Facebook
https://www.facebook.com/groups/291433070980107
Buzzword Bingo is a collection of colorful slang and new words chosen to educate and inspire. A few carefully chosen new words have the power to change the way we see the world. Comments are welcome and so are embeds, likes and shares.
Related
http://planeta.wikispaces.com/food
http://planeta.wikispaces.com/buzzwordbingo
Oaxaca City, Mexico - Comala Restaurant, Allende #109, hosts a display of Ron Mader's photos from the Central de Abastos Market in September 2009.
http://www.planeta.com/oaxaca.html
Open Education: The Business & Policy Case for OERIWMW
SLides for a talk on "Open Education: The Business & Policy Case for OER" given by Cable Green at the IWMW 2013 event held at the University of Bath on 26-28 June 2013.
A Tale of Two Colleges' OER Projects: Learnings and Plans for SustainabilityRegina Gong
Presentation on the open educational resources (OER) projects at the Northwestern Michigan College (NMC) and the Lansing Community College (LCC). Librarians who led the project talk about their success, challenges and plans for sustaining the OER initiative in their campuses.
Academic Librarians and OER: Access, Advocacy, and Activism BCcampus
Presentation by Dr. Rajiv Jhangiani, Kwantlen Polytechic University; Caroline Daniels, Librarian, Kwantlen Polytechnic University; and Brenda Smith, Librarian, Thompson Rivers University at the BC Library Association Conference, May 2015 in Richmond BC
Intro to and overview of Open Educaiton with an empnasis on the Why, from philosophical to economic arguments. Practicing what we preach - this is a mash-up using openly licensed presentations from other open education advocates along with original ones (and lots of pics). All licenses (except screenshots) are attached to the relvant slides. Any questions, just contact us at feedback@oeconsortium.org.
Open Education + UN Sustainable Development GoalsCable Green
http://sched.co/AF02
The world’s nations have adopted the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and committed to 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). SDG4 is about “Education: Ensure inclusive and equitable quality education and promote lifelong learning opportunities for all.” This session will explore how and why the global open education community can work with their national governments to mainstream Open Educational Resources (OER) in support of achieving SDG4.
K12 OER Collaborative for 2015 Open Education Week
Attribution to:
Jennifer Wolfe, The Learning Accelerator
Layla Bonnot, Council of Chief State School Officers
Karl Nelson, Washington Office of Superintendent of Public Instruction
Francesca Gottschalk - How can education support child empowerment.pptxEduSkills OECD
Francesca Gottschalk from the OECD’s Centre for Educational Research and Innovation presents at the Ask an Expert Webinar: How can education support child empowerment?
Biological screening of herbal drugs: Introduction and Need for
Phyto-Pharmacological Screening, New Strategies for evaluating
Natural Products, In vitro evaluation techniques for Antioxidants, Antimicrobial and Anticancer drugs. In vivo evaluation techniques
for Anti-inflammatory, Antiulcer, Anticancer, Wound healing, Antidiabetic, Hepatoprotective, Cardio protective, Diuretics and
Antifertility, Toxicity studies as per OECD guidelines
Normal Labour/ Stages of Labour/ Mechanism of LabourWasim Ak
Normal labor is also termed spontaneous labor, defined as the natural physiological process through which the fetus, placenta, and membranes are expelled from the uterus through the birth canal at term (37 to 42 weeks
How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17Celine George
It is possible to hide or invisible some fields in odoo. Commonly using “invisible” attribute in the field definition to invisible the fields. This slide will show how to make a field invisible in odoo 17.
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
A Strategic Approach: GenAI in EducationPeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
Macroeconomics- Movie Location
This will be used as part of your Personal Professional Portfolio once graded.
Objective:
Prepare a presentation or a paper using research, basic comparative analysis, data organization and application of economic information. You will make an informed assessment of an economic climate outside of the United States to accomplish an entertainment industry objective.
Open Education: The Business andPolicy Case for OER
1. Open Education: The Business
and
Policy Case for OER
Dr. Cable Green
Director of Global Learning
cable@creativecommons.org
@cgreen
2. Children Reading Pratham Books and Akshara By Ryan Lobo http://www.flickr.com/photos/prathambooks/3291CC BY
3. “Nearly one-third of the world’s
population (29.3%) is under
15. Today there are 158 million
people enrolled in tertiary
education1. Projections
suggest that that participation
will peak at 263 million2 in
2025. Accommodating the
additional 105 million students
would require more than four
major universities (30,000
students) to open every week
for the next fifteen years.1 ISCED levels 5 & 6 UNESCO Institute of Statistics figures
2 British Council and IDP Australia projections
By: COL
http://www.col.org/SiteCollectio
s/JohnDaniel_2008_3x5.jpg
4. Dreaming Girls Head By: Elfleda http://www.flickr.com/photos/carolinespics/1531CC BY-NC-ND
15. Our vision is nothing less than realizing the full potential of the Internet – universal access to research,
education, & full participation in culture, driving a new era of development, growth, & productivity.
Develops, supports, & stewards legal and technical infrastructure that maximizes digital creativity, sharing, & innovation.
22. OER are
teaching, learning, and
research materials in any
medium that reside in the
public domain or have been
released under an open
license that permits their free
use and re-purposing by
28. BY SA: By Harvey Barrison http://www.flickr.com/photos/hbarrison/6920142558/
29. Cost of “Copy”
For one 250 page book:
• Copy by hand - $1,000
• Copy by print on demand - $4.90
• Copy by computer - $0.00084
CC BY: David Wiley, BYU
30. Cost of “Distribute”
For one 250 page book:
• Distribute by mail - $5.20
• $0 with print-on-demand (2000+ copies)
• Distribute by internet - $0.00072
CC BY: David Wiley, BYU
31. Copy and Distribute are “Free”
This changes everything
CC BY: David Wiley, BYU
32. Movies, TV Shows, Songs, and
Textbooks
Movies and TV Shows:
• Amazon Prime – $6.59/month
($79/year) for access to 10,000 movies
and TV shows
• Netflix – $7.99/month for access to
20,000 movies and TV shows
• Hulu Plus – $7.99/month for access to
45,000 movies and TV shows
CC BY: David Wiley: http://opencontent.org/blog/archives/2348
33. Movies, TV Shows, Songs, and
Textbooks
Music:
• Spotify – $9.99/month for access to 15
million songs
• Rhapsody – $14.99/month for access
to 14 million songs
CC BY: David Wiley: http://opencontent.org/blog/archives/2348
34. CC BY ND / Delta Initiative / http://tinyurl.com/bw3ztnt
35. When the Marginal Cost of Sharing is $0…
- educators have an ethical obligation to share
- governments need to get maximum ROI by
requiring publicly funded resources be openly
licensed resources
- governments and educators need openly
licensed content: (a) so you can revise & remix
(b) buying and maintaining is cheaper than
leasing (w/time bombs)
36. There is a direct relationship between
textbook costs and student success
60%+ do not purchase textbooks
at some point due to cost
35% take fewer courses due
to textbook cost
31% choose not to register for
a course due to textbook cost
23% regularly go without
textbooks due to cost
14% have dropped a
course due to textbook cost
10% have withdrawn from a
course due to textbook cost
Source: 2012 student survey
by Florida Virtual Campus
www.projectkaleidoscop
37. The Vision
100% of students have
100% free, digital access to all materials on day
1
Drive student success by
designing, adopting, measuring and
improving OER-based courses
www.projectkaleidoscop
38. Student ratings of quality of open texts
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80
Better quality
Same quality
Worse quality
Number of Students
• “It was very concise and aligned with exactly what we were
working on in the class.”
• “Having the textbook catered to us by our teacher was
perfect.”
3%
56%
41%
Source: Bliss, Hilton, Wiley, Thanos (2012
39. Student preference for Kaleidoscope
courses
0 20 40 60 80 100
Prefer Kscope
Prefer traditional
No preference
Number of Students
• “I enjoy having online texts provided for me because I'm
poor. I spend the money I have left after rent on school, so
having free online texts provided for me benefits me very
much.”
• “GREAT WAY TO DO ONLINE CLASSES!!!!”
13%
13%
73%
Source: Bliss, Hilton, Wiley, Thanos (2012
43. Partner with Legislators
who care about:
(a) efficient use of national /
state tax dollars;
(b) saving students money;
increasing access to publicly
funded research and data;
(c) increasing access to
47. • Cooperate & share = We all Win
– Faculty have new choices when building learning
spaces.
– …the more eyes on a problem, the greater
chance for a solution.
• Affordability: students can’t afford textbooks
• Self-interest: good things happen when I
share
• It’s a social justice issue: everyone should
have the right to access digital knowledge.
Why is “Open” Important?
50. But using open educational
resources – and contributing
to them – requires significant
change in the culture of higher
education. It requires thinking
about content as a common
resource that raises all boats
when shared. (p.11)
51. English Composition I
• 55,000+ enrollments / year
• x $175 textbook
• = $9.6+ Million every year
52. English Composition I
• 55,000+ enrollments / year
• x $175 textbook
• = $9.6+ Million every year
53.
54. Does it make any sense WA State and
K-12 Districts together spend
$130M/year
on textbooks and the results are:
• Books are (on average) 7-10 years out of
date
• Paper only / no digital versions.
• Students can’t write / highlight in books
• Students can’t keep books at end of
year
• All rights reserved… teachers can’t
56. U.S. House Appropriations Committee draft FY2012
Labor, Health and Human Services funding bill
SEC. 124. None of the funds made available by this Act
for the Department of Labor may be used to develop
new courses, modules, learning materials, or projects in
carrying out education or career job training grant
programs unless the Secretary of Labor
certifies, after a comprehensive market-based
analysis, that such courses, modules, learning
materials, or projects are not otherwise available for
purchase or licensing in the marketplace or under
development for students who require them to
participate in such education or career job training grant
programs.
http://appropriations.house.gov/UploadedFiles/FY_2012_Final_LHHSE.pdf
57. U.S. House Appropriations Committee draft FY2012
Labor, Health and Human Services funding bill
SEC. 124. None of the funds made available by this Act
for the Department of Labor may be used to develop
new courses, modules, learning materials, or projects in
carrying out education or career job training grant
programs unless the Secretary of Labor
certifies, after a comprehensive market-based
analysis, that such courses, modules, learning
materials, or projects are not otherwise available for
purchase or licensing in the marketplace or under
development for students who require them to
participate in such education or career job training grant
programs.
http://appropriations.house.gov/UploadedFiles/FY_2012_Final_LHHSE.pdf
58. H.R. 3699
"No Federal agency may
adopt, implement, maintain, continue, or
otherwise engage in any
policy, program, or other activity that -- (1)
causes, permits, or authorizes network
dissemination of any private-sector
research work without the prior consent of
the publisher of such work; or (2) requires
that any actual or prospective author, or
the employer of such an actual or
prospective author, assent to network
59. H.R. 3699
"No Federal agency may
adopt, implement, maintain, continue, or
otherwise engage in any
policy, program, or other activity that -- (1)
causes, permits, or authorizes network
dissemination of any private-sector
research work without the prior consent of
the publisher of such work; or (2) requires
that any actual or prospective author, or
the employer of such an actual or
prospective author, assent to network
60. But even better, the bill sponsor
said:
• "As the costs of publishing continue to be
driven down by new technology, we will
continue to see a growth in open access
publishers.
• This new and innovative model appears to
be the wave of the future. The transition
must be collaborative, and must respect
copyright law and the principles of open
access.
• The American people deserve to have
access to research for which they havehttp://maloney.house.gov/press-release/issa-maloney-statement-research-works-act
61. “The American
people deserve to
have access to
research for which
they have paid.”
http://maloney.house.gov/press-release/issa-maloney-statement-research-works-act
Public
62. CC BY-NC-ND
046: Rule #2: See Rule #1 By: William Couch
http://www.flickr.com/photos/wcouch/226861055
64. • Efficient use of public funds to
increase student success and
access to quality educational
materials.
• Everything else (including all
existing business models) is
secondary.
Only ONE thing Matters:
Big idea – why are we talking about this?Education / Research Dream is simple: Everyone in the world can attain all the education they desire. It will require we share the educational resources we produce and that we spend our limited public resources wisely.WA K-12 is a common core state – opportunity to share.
And the world needs this dream to come true … and quickly… if we are to meet the global demand for higher / tertiary education.Sir John Daniel, President & DEO of the Commonwealth of Learning notes:What do you think the odds are the world will buildfour major universities (30,000 students) to open every week for the next fifteen years?
This isn’t just my dream. Many have this Dream In 2006, Cathy Casserly and Mike Smith (@ Hewlett Foundation) wrote: “At the heart of the movement towards Open Educational Resources is the simple and powerful idea that the world’s knowledge is a public good and that technology in general and the Worldwide Web in particular provide an opportunity for everyone to share, use, and reuse it.”------------------(Smith, M.S. and Casserly, C.M. 2006. The promise of Open Educational Resources. Change, Vol. 38, No. 5, pp. 8-17)
CC is the law catching up with the way the internet actually works.But think about all the ways the internet has changed in the past ten years. It’s time to think about how CC will evolve.
within the jurisdiction, public and legal lead volunteers help to make the licenses work in their individual countries’ legal systemwe have 70 active affiliate teams with several more in process
Open license is key.Free as in free beer and free as in freedom
We have to help policy leaders understand the affordances of digital things… and how digital courses, textbooks, data, research, science… can be non-rivalrous resources IF educational resources are openly licensed.
But we have a Policy ProblemMost policy makers don’t understand 21st century technical and legal tools and how they collectively enable “the learning machine”. Understanding the opportunity afforded by wielding these tools is key to even understanding that the dream is possible. Without this understanding, policy makers can only make decisions within existing frameworks, within existing business models.Tools:Internetaffordances of digital things: storage, distribution, copieshardware costs downbandwidth speed up mobility upOpen content licensing is 10+ years oldMass willingness to share Taken together these tools collectively enable affordable, high quality, continuously improving, openly licensed educational resources.Case in point: http://utahopentextbooks.org/2011/08/26/the-5-textbook/ : $5.35 textbook (including shipping) – ask David Wiley and CK-12David Wiley’s recent open K-12 textbook study in Utah found– NSD: Simply substituting open textbooks for proprietary textbooks does not impact learning outcomes.http://utahopentextbooks.org/2011/10/12/efficacy-data-are-inMoreover, we are already moving from a print based to a digital based environment. In the digital environment, the technology enables a range of reuses that were not possible in the print based world. Thus, it becomes the copyright license terms of use, and technological protection measures, that hobble the teacher, student, and school district from making the fullest use of the materials. Why should school districts pay for digital materials accompanied by such restrictive terms of use and technological formats?
Clearly, the Internet has empowered us to copy and share with an efficiency never before known or imagined. However, long before the Internet was invented, copyright law began regulating the very activities the Internet makes essentially free (copying and distributing).Consequently, the Internet was born at a severe disadvantage, as preexisting laws discouraged people from realizing the full potential of the network.
The current market is failing because existing publishers are not offering what we’re asking for. We would welcome it if they chose to compete to provide what the new environment demands.
Global GDP comes in at just about $58.3T – World Bank Data (2009)If countries spend roughly 5% of GPD on education = $58.3T x 5% = US $2.9T / year If we can move to a simple open public policy, hundreds of billions of dollars of educational resources will be available under an open license and will be freely available to the public that paid for them.National / state / provincial governments and education systems all play a critical role in setting policies that drive education investments, and have an interest in ensuring that public funding in education make a meaningful, cost-effective contribution to socio-economic development.Given this role, these policy-making entities are ideally positioned to encourage or mandate recipients of public funding to produce educational resources under an open license.
This is why Open Policies are important. If we get this simple idea right, OER sustainability will cease to be an issue because:(a) there will be plenty of public funding to build and maintain all of the teaching, learning and research resources the world needs, and, (b) “open” becomes the default and “closed” becomes the exception. … and the bar for receiving an exception should be high.Wrong frame (today) – how do we sustain that [pilot] project?Right frame – how do we maximize the investments we’re already making (& have already made – sunk costs) on learning resources we need for our students… for our university … our state … our nation?OER becomes the default output of normal work -- so no new money required. It’s part of normal business. Sustaining OER = sustaining the academy.This was our sustainability plan in WA State – we are only going to be selfish and build / maintain what we would have done anyway for WA students. We’re also going to put a CC BY license on everything we build because (a) we believe education is about sharing and (b) good things happen to us when we share: updates, new partners, grant opportunities, translations…The point is that there is a choice between spending X dollars on the old model. Or spending X dollars in a different way. The vision should show how, if you kept X constant, the state would get a much bigger bang for its buck even though it would be enabling free riding from other state that might want to realign their budgets to X – Y. We need to acknowledge and confront this issue head on.There will still need to be ongoing investments … but if we collectively need quality, affordable learning resources that are iteratively improved based on data from assessments … shouldn’t we:(a) demand that we get access to what we, the taxpayers, paid for so we’re not starting from scratch and;(b) share what we build as we have a collective goal of educating more people to higher levels? Are we educators or not?
What about something small – local? Do open policies make sense on a smaller scale?Even one open textbook for a top 100 course makes sense.But WA should (a) ask if anyone else has already done this and openly licensed it (e.g., CK12), (b) alert other states / countries that it is going to make this investment and share.
Challenge: Existing Structures are Difficult to Change Most educational content business models built on gatekeeping and locking up resources (to make them rivalrous) are challenged by these trends that allow digital resources to be non-rivalrous. Existing business models are starting to fight, and they have money and lobbyists.
The US House Appropriations Committee released a draft fiscal year 2012 funding bill. Included in this bill is the following provision, which would appear to strip the ability of the DOL to support any further OER investments:Really? No one is allowed to build anything with public funds, with our tax dollars, “…unless the Secretary of Labor certifies, after a comprehensive market-based analysis, that such courses, modules, learning materials, or projects are not otherwise available for purchase or licensing in the marketplace or under development…"?Really?If the American people want to get maximum benefit from their precious public investments, the US Congress would rewrite the budget language to:"SEC. 124. None of the funds made available by this Act for the Department of Labor may be used to purchase proprietary, non-openly licensed new courses, modules, learning materials, or projects in carrying out education or career job training grant programs unless the Secretary of Labor certifies, after a comprehensive Open Educational Resources analysis, that such courses, modules, learning materials, or projects are not otherwise available under an open license that allows free reuse for students who require them to participate in such education or career job training grant programs."Let’s get to the crux of the issue. This is not about duplicating publisher works - this is about we, the tax payers, getting free and legal access to what we paid for... and our students, tax paying citizens, having access to high quality, affordable, openly licensed learning materials.The Department of Labor (DOL) has put forth a simple, rational public policy: Taxpayer-funded educational resources should be open educational resources. Information that is designed, developed and distributed through the generosity of public tax dollars should be accessible to the public that paid for it. If the publishers wish to debate, it will be on this point.What publishers and industry trade associations would do well to recognize is the CC BY license does not restrict commercialization of the open content produced by the DOL grantees. To be clear, the commercial publishers can take ALL of the content created in this DOL grant, modify it, make it better, add value, and sell it. The consumer (states, colleges, students) will then have a choice: (a) use the free openly licensed version(s) or (b) purchase the commercial for-a-fee version. If the commercial content / services are worth paying for, people will pay. If not, they won’t. Releasing information created with public funds should be a public right – not viewed as a disadvantage to commercial interests.How can you tell me I can’t have access to what I paid for – that’s crazy.
Essentially, the bill seeks to prohibit federal agencies from conditioning their grants to require that articles reporting on publicly funded research be made accessible to the public online. Translation and Comments:"If public tax money is used to fund research, that research becomes "private research" once a publisher "adds value" to it by managing the peer review.”Comment: Researchers do the peer review for the publisher for free, just as researchers give their papers to the publisher for free, together with the exclusive right to sell subscriptions to it, on-paper and online, seeking and receiving no fee or royalty in return.
Essentially, the bill seeks to prohibit federal agencies from conditioning their grants to require that articles reporting on publicly funded research be made accessible to the public online. Translation and Comments:"If public tax money is used to fund research, that research becomes "private research" once a publisher "adds value" to it by managing the peer review.”Comment: Researchers do the peer review for the publisher for free, just as researchers give their papers to the publisher for free, together with the exclusive right to sell subscriptions to it, on-paper and online, seeking and receiving no fee or royalty in return.
If we are to fight this nonsense, Open Policy strategy must follow NEW RULES. Disruptive Innovation Lessons (Clayton Christensen): Never attack existing business models head-on – incumbents typically win because you are playing by their rules rather play by new rules that “the trends” afford – KEY point to remind policy makers – I’ve found this is NOT obvious to people.e.g., Open Course Library – we changed the rules - $30 cap – want to play? We will do this with or without you… would rather partner, but don’t oppose us – we have all the best arguments and the public is on our side.And as Professor Eben Moglen reminds us: when we openly license our work, and leverage the Internet as a free distribution channel, we put the creator / the author, and not the distributor, in control of human knowledge.We make things and we give them away. Here we made this, would you like it? Take some it's freehttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tN00_v7gpbo&feature=youtu.be&t=6m45s----------------(1) Choose the most open license (e.g., public domain, CC BY) possible to (a) increase the degrees of freedom for downstream use, (b) increase interperability among licenses = more re-mix opportunities, and (c) reduce concern from existing for-profit businesses.
We have to think bigger and make smarter decisions collectively. Winston Churchill said: “If you have knowledge, let others light their candles with it.”This is the opportunity of our time – we can share, for the marginal cost of 0, give up nothing, and share knowledge with the world. We ought be straight, honest, expose the amount and flow of the $$$, make the open policy argument, and force the opposition to make their best arguments – and be ready to counter quickly.The open community is passionate and powerful if called to action for an important cause. Don’t work alone – share new policies with each otherWe all need to try to implement open policies where we can – some policies will take quicker than others due to local opportunities and challenges.We need to help one another pass open policies (testify, meetings, webinars)we can revise and remix others’ policies and legislationWhat can WE (the global Open community) do to help Governments, Foundations, States / Provinces, Systems, Institutions to adopt open policies?PresentationsInsert open policy into strategic plans – system efficiency plans – education reform plans – government efficiency plans, etc. Every opportunity!Share what their peers have done – no one wants to be left behindProvide draft open policy language, translated, customized for local needs.
Most important, take Policy makers back to first principles…