The document discusses various types of occlusions including ideal occlusion, physiological occlusion, non-physiological occlusion, mutually protected occlusion, group function, and balanced occlusion. It provides the definitions and clinical characteristics of each. It also discusses the desirable occlusions for complete dentures, removable partial dentures, fixed partial dentures, and osseointegrated prostheses.

1. OCCLUSION
IN
PROSTHODONTICS

2. OCCLUSION
The static relationship between the
incising or masticating
surfaces of the maxillary or mandibular
teeth or tooth
analogues.

3. Ideal Occlusion: Synonym: Optimal Occlusion,
Therapeutic Occlusion.
Purpose: To permit good oral health, function, comfort and esthetics.
Clinical characteristics:
Classical dental relations in intercuspal position based on multiple contact
pointsand major occlusal load sustained by posrerior tooth.
Coincidence between intercuspal position and myocentric position.
Axial occlusal forces during intercuspal position with regard to the tooth
axis of posterior tooth.
Centric occlusal stability that avoids tooth migrations.

4. Physiological occlusion. Synonym: Normofunctional
occlusion.
Physiological occlusion is characterized by the existence of a
functional balance or a physiological adaptation condition of a proper
contact relation between teeth, with regard to the other physiological
components of the stomatognathic system (articular, neuromuscular,
and periodontal).
Clinical characteristics
Without marked parafunctional tooth manifestations ( attritions,
fractures,rhizolysis, pulpar hyperemia)
Normal functional activity during mastication, swallowing, speech and
breathing.
Relatively healthy periodontium in relation to parafunctionalactivities.

5. Contd.
Relative occlusal stability without apparent tooth migrations.
Absence of dysfunctional musculo-articular symptomatology related to
parafunctional activities during function and rest.
Nonphysiological occlusion. Synonyms: Traumatic occlusion or
functional malocclusion.
Nonphysiological occlusion is characterized by the rupture of balance or
functional adaptation of the contact relation between teeth with respect
to the other physiological components of the stomatognathic system
(articular, neuromuscular, and periodontal).
Clinical characteristics
It is associated with centric occlusal instability
It is associated with an occlusion showing premature contacts and
/occlusal interferences.

6. Contd.
Presence of marked centric and eccentric
bruxofacets
Presence of dysfunctional symptomatology
associated with temporomandibular disorders
Presence of gingival recessions and cervical
abfractions

7. Clinical characteristics:
Harmonic intercuspal position with centric physiological relation
(coincident or small distance of ICP not more than 1-2mm anterior
to RCP).
During protrusion and laterotrusion, anterior teeth must disoclude
the posterior ones( anterior guidance).
Healthy periodontium in relation to parafunctions(without occlusal
trauma, marked gingival retraction or recession)
Absence of marked parafunctional tooth manifestations( attrition,
coronary fracture,rizalisis, pulpar hyperemia).
Normal functional activity during mastication, swallowing, speech
and breathing.
Absence of dysfunctional symptomatology in relation to
parafunctions.

8. MUTUALLY PROTECTED
OCCLUSION
An occlusal scheme in which the posterior teeth
prevent excessive contact of the anterior teeth
in maximum intercuspation, and the anterior
teeth disengage the posterior teeth in all
mandibular excursive movements.

9. MUTUALLY PROTECTED
OCCLUSION
CENTRIC POSITION PROTRUSIVE
POSITION
LATERAL
POSITION
Working Nonworking
Only posterior tooth make
contact.
Anterior tooth have a
space of minimum 30
microns.
Canine and
posterior teeth
disclude .
Mesial inclines of
mandibular first
premolar buccal
Maxillary
canine
guide the
mandible.
Posterior
teeth
No tooth
contacts.
Criteria

10. MUTUALLY PROTECTED
OCCLUSION
In lateral position, working side In protrusive position

11. ADVANTAGES OF MUTUALLY
PROTECTED OCCLUSION
1. Minimum amount of tooth contact is involved
and this makes for better penetration of the
food.
2. The force is closer to the long axis of each
tooth.
3. The arrangement of the marginal, transverse
and oblique ridges so that they have a
shearing action, which makes for a much
more chewing apparatus.

12. GROUP FUNCTION
Multiple contact relations between the maxillary
and mandibular teeth in lateral movements on
the working side whereby simultaneous
contact of several teeth acts as a group to
distribute occlusal forces.

13. • Criteria
GROUP FUNCTION
CENTRIC POSITION PROTRUSIVE
POSITION
LATERAL POSITION
Working Nonworking
Posterior tooth make
contact.
Anterior teeth may or
may not contact.
Canine and
posterior teeth
disclude .
Teeth contact
(mostly
desirable
canine,
premolar,
mesiobuccal
cusp of 1st
molar)
No tooth
contacts.

14. GROUP FUNCTION

15. ADVANTAGES OF GROUP
FUNCTION OCLUSION
1) Lateral pressure are distributed to all working
side tooth.
2) Long centric, so allow some freedom of
movement in an anteroposterior direction.

16. BALANCED OCCLUSION
The bilateral, simultaneous, anterior, and
posterior occlusal contact of teeth in centric
and eccentric positions.

17. • The bilateral, simultaneous, anterior, and
posterior occlusal contact of teeth in centric
and eccentric positions.
BALANCED OCCLUSION
CENTRIC POSITION PROTRUSIVE POSITION LATERAL POSITION
Working Nonworking
Anterior and posterior
teeth contact
All maxillary and
mandibular teeth
contact
Posterior teeth
make contact
Posterior
teeth make
contact.

18. BALANCED OCLUSION
In lateral position, working side In lateral position, balancing side

19. ADVANTAGES OF BALANCED
OCCLUSION
1. Help to seat the denture in a stable position
during function.
2. Patients do not upset the normal static, stable,
and retentive position of their dentures.
3. In balanced occlusion, the denture bases are
stable during bruxing activity.

20. OCCLUSION IN NATURAL
DENTITION
• Posterior disclusion on protrusion
• Disclusion on non working side during lateral
movement.
• Occlusion on working side (either canine
guided/group function) during lateral
movement.

21. DESIRABLE OCCLUSION FOR COMPLETE
DENTURE
1. Stability of occlusion in centric relation.
2. Balanced for all eccentric contacts bilaterally for all
eccentric mandibular movements
The balancing arrangement
in centric occlusion, buccal
view.
In working occlusion,
buccal view.
In balancing position,
buccal view

22. 3. Control of horizontal forces by buccoligual
cusp height reduction according to the residual
ridge resistance form and interarch distance.

23. 4. Functional lever balance by favorable tooth to
ridge crest position

24. Occlusion in complete denture
5. Unlocking the cusp mesiodistally to allow for
gradual but inevitable settling of the bases due
to tissue deformation and bone resorption.
6. Cutting and shearing efficiency of the occlusal
surface (sharp cusps or ridges).
7. Anterior clearance of teeth during mastication.
Minimum occlusal contact between the upper
and lower teeth to reduce pressure during
function.

25. DESIRABLE OCCLUSION FOR
RPD
**Simultaneous bilateral contacts of opposing posterior
teeth must occur in centric occlusion.
1. Kennedy class-I-
>>> Mandibular RPD opposed by natural dentition.
Contact on working side
No contact on balancing side.

26. >>>Maxillary RPD opposing natural dentition or
mandibular bilateral distal extension RPD
Simultaneous contact on working and non
working side.
In lateral position, nonworking sideIn lateral position, working side

27. >>>Mandibular RPD opposed by maxillary complete denture-
During lateral movement, both working and balancing
side make contact.Not necessarily balanced in protrusion.
In lateral position, nonworking side
In lateral position, working side
In protrusive position

28. 2. Kennedy class-II
Contact on working side
No contact on balancing side.
In lateral position, nonworking sideIn lateral position, working side

29. 3. Kennedy class-III
similar to occlusion in harmonious natural
dentition

30. 4. Kennedy class-IV
Contact in intercuspal position
No contact in eccentric position

31. DESIRABLE OCCLUSION FOR FPD
**Similar as occlusion in natural dentition
Either mutually protected or group
function occlusion.
**In the following cases, desirable occlusion should
be group function
-Periodontally compromised supporting
anterior teeth.
-Missing canine
-Angle class-II and class-III malocclusion
-Crossbite

32. DESIRABLE OCCLUSION FOR
OSSTEOINTEGRATED PROSTHESIS
1) Full-arch fixed prosthesis
Bilateral balanced occlusion with opposing complete
denture
Group function occlusion or mutually protected
occlusion with shallow anterior guidance when opposing
natural dentition
Freedom in centric (1–1.5mm)
2) Overdenture
Bilateral balanced occlusion using lingualized
occlusion
Monoplane occlusion on a severely resorbed ridge

33. 3) Posterior fixed prosthesis
Anterior guidance with natural dentition
Group function occlusion with compromised
canines
Centered contacts, narrow occlusal tables, flat cusps
Cross bite posterior occlusion when necessary
4) Single implant prosthesis
Anterior or lateral guidance with natural dentition
Light contact at heavy bite and no contact at light
bite
Centered contacts (1–1.5mm flat area)
Increased proximal contact

34. Centric relation: that yields Condylar Stability in Centric.
Intercuspal position: that confers Occlusal Stability in Centric.
Miocentric position: that gives Muscular Stability in centric.

35. References:
1) JUNHEI FUJIMOTO: CONTEMPORARY FIXED PROSTHODONTICS.
2) HERBERT T. SHILINBURG, FUNDEMENTAL OF FIXED
PROSTHODONTICS.
3) SUMAIYA HOBO: OSSEOINTEGRATION AND OCCLUSAL
REHABILITATION
4) SHELDON WINKLER: ESSENTIALS OF COMPLETE DENTURE
PROSTHODONTICS.
5) DEEPAK NALLASWAMY VEERAIYAN: TEXTBOOK OF
PROSTHODONTICS
6) SOME INFORMATION FROM INTERNATE

37. MUTUALLY PROTECTED OCCLUSION
In lateral position, working side In protrusive position

38. ADVANTAGES OF MUTUALLY
PROTECTED OCCLUSION
1) Minimum amount of tooth contact is
involved and this makes for better
penetration of the food.
2) The force is closer to the long axis of each
tooth.
3) The arrangement of the marginal, transverse
and oblique ridges so that they have a
shearing action, which makes for a much
more chewing apparatus.

39. GROUP FUNCTION
Multiple contact relations between the maxillary
and mandibular teeth in lateral movements on
the working side whereby simultaneous
contact of several teeth acts as a group to
distribute occlusal forces.
CENTRIC POSITION PROTRUSIVE POSITION LATERAL POSITION
Working Nonworking
Posterior tooth make
contact.
Anterior teeth may or
may not contact.
Canine and posterior
teeth disclude .
Teeth contact
(mostly desirable
canine, premolar,
mesiobuccal cusp
of 1st molar)
No tooth
contacts.

40. GROUP FUNCTION

41. ADVANTAGES OF GROUP FUNCTION
OCLUSION
1) Lateral pressure are distributed to all working
side tooth.
2) Long centric, so allow some freedom of
movement in an anteroposterior direction.

42. BALANCED OCCLUSION
The bilateral, simultaneous, anterior, and
posterior occlusal contact of teeth in centric
and eccentric positions.
CENTRIC POSITION PROTRUSIVE POSITION LATERAL POSITION
Working Nonworking
Anterior and posterior
teeth contact
All maxillary and
mandibular teeth
contact
Posterior teeth
make contact
Posterior
teeth make
contact.

43. BALANCED OCLUSION
In lateral position, working side In lateral position, balancing side

44. Ideal Occlusion: Synonym: Optimal Occlusion, Therapeutic Occlusion.
Purpose: To permit good oral health, function, comfort and esthetics.
Clinical characteristics:
Classical dental relations in intercuspal position based on multiple contact
pointsand major occlusal load sustained by posrerior tooth.
Coincidence between intercuspal position and myocentric position.
Axial occlusal forces during intercuspal position with regard to the tooth axis of
posterior tooth.
Centric occlusal stability that avoids tooth migrations.

45. Physiological occlusion. Synonym: Normofunctional occlusion.
Physiological occlusion is characterized by the existence of a
functional balance or a physiological adaptation condition of a proper
contact relation between teeth, with regard to the other physiological
components of the stomatognathic system (articular, neuromuscular,
and periodontal).
Clinical characteristics
Without marked parafunctional tooth manifestations ( attritions,
fractures,rhizolysis, pulpar hyperemia)
Normal functional activity during mastication, swallowing, speech and
breathing.
Relatively healthy periodontium in relation to parafunctionalactivities.

46. Contd.
Relative occlusal stability without apparent tooth migrations.
Absence of dysfunctional musculo-articular symptomatology related to
parafunctional activities during function and rest.
Nonphysiological occlusion. Synonyms: Traumatic occlusion or
functional malocclusion.
Nonphysiological occlusion is characterized by the rupture of balance or
functional adaptation of the contact relation between teeth with respect
to the other physiological components of the stomatognathic system
(articular, neuromuscular, and periodontal).
Clinical characteristics
It is associated with centric occlusal instability
It is associated with an occlusion showing premature contacts and
/occlusal interferences.

47. Contd.
Presence of marked centric and eccentric
bruxofacets
Presence of dysfunctional symptomatology
associated with temporomandibular disorders
Presence of gingival recessions and cervical
abfractions

48. Clinical characteristics:
Harmonic intercuspal position with centric physiological relation
(coincident or small distance of ICP not more than 1-2mm anterior
to RCP).
During protrusion and laterotrusion, anterior teeth must disoclude
the posterior ones( anterior guidance).
Healthy periodontium in relation to parafunctions(without occlusal
trauma, marked gingival retraction or recession)
Absence of marked parafunctional tooth manifestations( attrition,
coronary fracture,rizalisis, pulpar hyperemia).
Normal functional activity during mastication, swallowing, speech
and breathing.
Absence of dysfunctional symptomatology in relation to
parafunctions.

49. Centric relation: that yields Condylar Stability in Centric.
Intercuspal position: that confers Occlusal Stability in Centric.
Miocentric position: that gives Muscular Stability in centric.

50. ADVANTAGES OF BALANCED
OCCLUSION
1. Help to seat the denture in a stable position
during function.
2. Patients do not upset the normal static, stable,
and retentive position of their dentures.
3. In balanced occlusion, the denture bases are
stable during bruxing activity.

51. OCCLUSION IN NATURAL
DENTITION
• Posterior disclusion on protrusion
• Disclusion on non working side during lateral
movement.
• Occlusion on working side (either canine
guided/group function) during lateral
movement.

52. DESIRABLE OCCLUSION FOR COMPLETE
DENTURE
1. Stability of occlusion in centric relation.
2. Balanced for all eccentric contacts bilaterally for all
eccentric mandibular movements
The balancing arrangement
in centric occlusion, buccal
view.
In working occlusion,
buccal view.
In balancing position,
buccal view

53. 3) Control of horizontal forces by buccoligual cusp
height reduction according to the residual ridge
resistance form and interarch distance.

54. 4) Functional lever balance by favorable tooth to
ridge crest position

55. 5) Unlocking the cusp mesiodistally to allow for
gradual but inevitable settling of the bases due to
tissue deformation and bone resorption.
6) Cutting and shearing efficiency of the occlusal
surface (sharp cusps or ridges).
7) Anterior clearance of teeth during mastication.
Minimum occlusal contact between the upper
and lower teeth to reduce pressure during
function.

56. DESIRABLE OCCLUSION FOR RPD
**Simultaneous bilateral contacts of opposing posterior
teeth must occur in centric occlusion.
1)Kennedy class-I-
>>> Mandibular RPD opposed by natural dentition.
Contact on working side
No contact on balancing side.

57. >>>Maxillary RPD opposing natural dentition or
mandibular bilateral distal extension RPD
Simultaneous contact on working
and non working side.
In lateral position, nonworking sideIn lateral position, working side

58. >>>Mandibular RPD opposed by maxillary complete denture-
During lateral movement, both working and balancing
side make contact.Not necessarily balanced in protrusion.
In lateral position, nonworking side
In lateral position, working side
In protrusive position

59. 2)Kennedy class-II
Contact on working side
No contact on balancing side.
In lateral position, nonworking sideIn lateral position, working side

60. 3) Kennedy class-III
similar to occlusion in harmonious natural
dentition

61. 4) Kennedy class-IV
Contact in intercuspal position
No contact in eccentric position

62. DESIRABLE OCCLUSION FOR FPD
**Similar as occlusion in natural dentition
Either mutually protected or group
function occlusion.
**In the following cases, desirable occlusion should
be group function
-Periodontally compromised supporting
anterior teeth.
-Missing canine
-Angle class-II and class-III malocclusion
-Crossbite

63. DESIRABLE OCCLUSION FOR
OSSTEOINTEGRATED PROSTHESIS
1) Full-arch fixed prosthesis
Bilateral balanced occlusion with opposing complete
denture
Group function occlusion or mutually protected
occlusion with shallow anterior guidance when opposing
natural dentition
Freedom in centric (1–1.5mm)
2) Overdenture
Bilateral balanced occlusion using lingualized
occlusion
Monoplane occlusion on a severely resorbed ridge

64. 3) Posterior fixed prosthesis
Anterior guidance with natural dentition
Group function occlusion with compromised
canines
Centered contacts, narrow occlusal tables, flat cusps
Cross bite posterior occlusion when necessary
4) Single implant prosthesis
Anterior or lateral guidance with natural dentition
Light contact at heavy bite and no contact at light
bite
Centered contacts (1–1.5mm flat area)
Increased proximal contact

65. References:
1) JUNHEI FUJIMOTO: CONTEMPORARY FIXED PROSTHODONTICS.
2) HERBERT T. SHILINBURG, FUNDEMENTAL OF FIXED
PROSTHODONTICS.
3) SUMAIYA HOBO: OSSEOINTEGRATION AND OCCLUSAL
REHABILITATION
4) SHELDON WINKLER: ESSENTIALS OF COMPLETE DENTURE
PROSTHODONTICS.
5) DEEPAK NALLASWAMY VEERAIYAN: TEXTBOOK OF
PROSTHODONTICS
6) SOME INFORMATION FROM INTERNATE

66. THANK
YOU