It describes the actions by veterinarian to correct the abnormal PPP of fetus to help the fetus to get out.

1. OBSTETRIC MANOEUVRES
By
Dr.Sulake Fadhil Abbas

2. OBSTETRIC MANOEUVRES
1)Retropulsion (repulsion)
2) Version
3) Rotation
4) Extension and adjustment of the extremities

3. Retropulsion (Repulsion)
Retropulsion means pushing the fetus cranially from the
vagina (and the bony pelvic canal) towards the uterus.
Repulsion may be accomplished by the operator's arm or
by the use of a crutch or repeller. In anterior presentation,
the crutch or hand of the operator is usually placed on the
fetus between the shoulder and chest or across the chest
beneath the neck. In the posterior presentation, the hand or
crutch is placed in the perineal region over the ischial arch.

4. Repulsion is difficult or impossible in the recumbent
animal resting on its sternum as the abdominal viscera are
pushing the fetus back toward the pelvis. If the animal is
recumbent, it should be placed on its side with its four
legs extended.
Repulsion is difficult or impossible in the recumbent
animal resting on its sternum as the abdominal viscera are
pushing the fetus back toward the pelvis. If the animal is
recumbent, it should be placed on its side with its four
legs extended.

5. Version
Version means alteration of transverse or vertical to
longitudinal presentation. This is done most often
in the mare in transverse presentation of the fetus.
The version is usually limited to 90 degrees and by
repulsion on one end of the fetus and traction on
the other, the transverse presentation is changed to
a longitudinal presentation. If possible, the fetus
should be turned into a posterior presentation; this
prevents the head and neck from complicating the
delivery.

6. Rotation
Rotation entails alteration of the position of a fetus by
moving it around its longitudinal axis: for example, from
the ventral to dorsal position. It is more often required in
horses than in cattle and is much more easily effected on
the responsive live fetus, which may be readily rotated by
digital pressure on the eyeballs, protected by the lids; this
causes a convulsive reaction, and slight rotational force
then completes the manoeuvres

7. In dorso-ilial position, repulsion is usually not
necessary but may be helpful. Lubrication of the
birth canal caudal and downward traction on the
extremities, and rotation of the fetus with the
operator's arm in the birth canal readily corrects this
abnormal position.
If the fetus is in a dorso-pubic position it should be
repelled out of the pelvis, leaving the limbs in the
pelvic cavity, chains are fastened to the fetlock and
cross traction is applied by two assistants.

8. Depending upon which way the fetus is to be rotated, one
leg is pulled at first upward, then horizontally to the left or
right and then downwards, while the other leg is being
pulled underneath the first leg downward and obliquely
toward the right or left.

9. Anterior presentation , Dorso pubic position
Rotation using
torsion Fork
Posterior presentation, dorso pubic and rotation by Fork

12. Carpal flexion
Treatment
The fetus is repelled and the flexed carpus pushed
upwards and forwards from the obstetrician so that
the missing foot can be found more readily. The foot
is cupped in the hand and brought carefully up into
the pelvis

14. Shoulder flexion
The obstetrician's hand is advanced down the limb towards the carpal
joint. The limb is grasped and brought up into the carpal flexion position,
and then the foot is brought into the pelvis.
The obstetrician's hand is advanced down the limb towards the carpal
joint. The limb is grasped and brought up into the carpal flexion position,
and then the foot is brought into the pelvis.

19. TTHHAANNKKSS