Chemical destruction of the teat involves injecting solutions such as diluted formalin, silver nitrate, acriflavine, copper sulfate, or chlorhexidine into the teat to destroy the teat tissue. This is done as a last resort when the teat cannot otherwise be salvaged due to extensive damage or infection. The solutions work to kill the teat tissue over the course of a few days through their disinfectant and caustic properties. Pretreating with a local anesthetic like megludyne can help reduce pain from the chemical destruction process.

1. Teat Surgery
Adarsh Kumar

2. Anatomy

5. Anaesthesia of teat – Ring block
Needle placement for teat
anesthesia in cattle.
(A) Inverted V block.
(B) Ring block.
(C)Placement of a
tourniquet and teat cannula
for infusion of local
anesthetic into the teat
cistern.

6. •Use plain Lignocaine
without adrenaline

7. Teat Lacerations
• Teat lacerations are categorized as
• Acute
• Chronic (more than 12 hours old).
• Surgical intervention on the teat is best
performed during the first 12 hours following
the injury.

8. • Teat lacerations are classified as simple or complex (inverted “Y”
or “U”),
• Longitudinal or transverse, and proximal or distal.
• The orientation of the blood supply of the teat is longitudinal.
• A transverse laceration results in more damage to the blood
supply resulting in more edema, avascular necrosis and
dehiscence post-operatively compared with a longitudinal
laceration.
• The more circumference is involved, the worse is the prognosis.
• Distal injuries involving the streak canal are also regarded as
having a poor prognosis.
• Proximal and transverse lacerations are difficult to repair. At this
location, the mucosa is difficult, the suture and the teat swell
more post-operatively.

9. • Teat lacerations are classified as being partial
thickness (skin to submucosa)
• Full thickness (skin to mucosa with milk
leaking out of the incision).
• recommended to
• apply cold hydrotherapy on the injured teat
while waiting for the veterinarian.
• The hydrotherapy helps decrease the
inflammation and helps clean the teat for
surgery.

10. You need 10 or 15 No. Blade- for debridement

12. Laceration repair
• Mucosa and the submucosa are first reconstructed using a
simple continuous pattern.
• The muscular and subcutaneous layers are closed with a
simple continuous pattern
• The skin is carefully apposed using a simple interrupted.
• Care is taken to leave the skin sutures slightly loose because
swelling is expected at the surgery site.
• Throughout the procedure, the surgery site is frequently
lavaged with saline.
• Antibiotics can be added to the lavage solution.
• Hemostasis is performed to avoid formation of mural
hematoma that may obstruct the teat cistern.

13. Post operative
• self-retaining plastic teat canula with a cap into the
streak canal
• Antibiotic umbrella.
• Severe post-operative edema can be treated by
applying ice around the teat for a few days.
• Crushed ice in a rectal sleeve can be placed around the
teat. Daily Twenty minute application.
• The skin sutures are removed no more then 9 days
after the surgery.
• If the sutures are left in place longer, excessive
fibrosis and suture tract infection may occur.

19. What instrument is this
• Hugs Teat tumor extractor
To remove a mass inside the teat cistern

20. What instrument is this
• Alligator forceps
• Remove milk stones or floating calculi

21. What instrument is this
• Lichty teat knife
• To enlarge tight streak canals

23. What instrument is this
• Spiral teat curette
Enlarge the teat canal

24. Teat cannulas and dilators.

25. NTI natural teat inserts.

26. Obstruction where a mass of granulation tissue or stenosis was
present but affected less than 30% of the mucosal surface of the
teat cistern.
The mucosa proximal or distal to the lesion is grossly normal.
Type 1:

27. • Obstruction where greater than 30% of the teat cistern mucosa
was abnormal due to stenosis or proliferating granulation tissue.
• Mucosa proximal to the lesion was grossly normal. Teat canal is
normal in appearance.
Type II

28. •Obstruction due to presence of a membranous or fibrous structure
between gland and teat cistern or between lactiferous duct and gland
cistern.
• The mucosa of the teat cistern is normal.
Type III

29. •Obstruction due to fibrosis and stenosis of an extensive portion
of the teat and gland cisterns (>30%).
•The mucosa is abnormal in the constricted area.
Type IV:

30. Abnormalities where a teat fistula, a webbed teat, or a laceration leading to
a fistula was present.
The mucosa of the teat or gland cistern is inflamed or normal.
Type V:

31. What does chemical destruction of the
teat involve
• 100 cc of (10% formalin diluted in 500 cc of
saline)
• Or 100 cc of 3% silver nitrate solution
• 250 ml of acriflavine (1ml in 500 ml of NSS)
• 20 ml of 5% Copper sulfate
• 60 ml of chlorhexidine
• Pre-treat with Megludyne