The document provides guidance for observing classroom lessons and environments. It suggests noting the classroom layout, groupings of students, and organization of resources and displays. The observer should document how students enter the room, how the teacher introduces lessons and sets objectives, the types of tasks and resources used during lessons, how lessons progress and are differentiated for students. It also recommends observing teacher-student and student-student interactions, assessments, and how prepared students are for the end of lessons. Finally, it suggests documenting how students leave the room, what was learned, if aims were achieved, student engagement, the class dynamic, and how assessment for learning took place.