This document discusses the objects, location, and layout of a water treatment plant. The key objectives of water treatment are to remove pathogens, unpleasant tastes and odors, dissolved gases, color, and other impurities to make water safe for human consumption and industrial uses. The optimal location is near the water source and town to be supplied, away from pollution sources. A typical plant layout involves screening, sedimentation, aeration, filtration, disinfection, and sometimes softening to remove various contaminants in stages.

1. Subject: Water Supply and Sanitary
engineering(3350603).
Topic: “OBJECTS, LOCATION AND LAY-OUT OF
WATER TREATMENT PLANT”
Government Polytechnic, Dahod

2. Sr. no. Name Enrollment no.
1 Bhavesh hathila 156300306047

3. Index
1. Objects of water treatment.
2. Location of water treatment.
3. Lay-out of water treatment plant.
4. Water treatment process and impurities remove.
5. Typical layout of water treatment plant.

4. Objects of water treatment

5. Water whether from underground or surface sources
found in nature are polluted. the pollution may be due to various
reasons namely from sewage, industrial wastage or from natural
contaminants. Such water is supplied directly without treatment
may not be used by the consumers due to psychological,
aesthetic of physiological reasons. Waterborne epidemic may
spread by supply of such water . Natural water may also contain
high amount of turbidity, organic load from, decaying, leaves,
vegetation for animal. Minerals in solution or suspension forms
may contaminate water.
it is there for, necessary to subject any type of water to
certain suitable process of purification rendering if safe for
human consumption, pleasing to the senses and suitable for
ordinary domestic and industrial uses

6. The objects of water treatment may be summarized as
follows:
I. Removal of all pathogenic germs contained in untreated
water.
II. To remove the unpleasant and objectionable tastes and
odors from the water.
III.To remove the dissolved gases, murkiness and color of
water.
IV.To make water fit for domestic purposes viz, cooking,
washing, and for industrial purposes as dyeing, brewing,
etc.
V. To eliminate the tuberculation and corrosive properties
of water which affects the conduits and pipes.
VI.Removal of settleable suspended matter and non
settleable colloidal impurities
VII.Removal of floating suspended matter.

7. The location of a treatment plant depends on the following
factors:
I. The treatment plant should be located near the town to
which water is to be supply, so that treated water needs
to travel a small distance after treatment. this will
prevent the water quality to deteriorate after treatment.
II. The treatment plant should be near to the surface of
supply otherwise raw water from intake well is to be
conveyed trough a long distance
III.The treatment plant should be located a way from any
source of pollution.
IV.The water should be taped the upstream of the point of
disposal of city waste discharging to river acting as
sources of water.
Locating of water treatment plant

8. I. If the source is at a lower elevation than the
distribution area, the treatment plant may be located
near the source.
II. The plant should be easily accessible for the persons
connected with operation and maintenance work.
III.If the natural topography permits, the treatment plant
should be located at higher elevation and the water
supply may be achieved by gravity.
IV.The treatment plant should be so located that there
should be enough space all around for future
expansion.
V. The treatment lay out should be compact so that less
space and less pumping is required.
VI.The plant should be made as hygienic as possible.

9. The following process are required in a water treatment
plant starting from sources of water to the distribution
zone in odor of sequence:
1. Screening
2. Plain sedimentation
3. Aeration
4. Sedimentation with coagulation
5. Filtration
6. Disinfection
7. Softening
Lay-out of water treatment plant

10. sr Process Impurity removed
1 Screening Floating matter
2 Plain sedimentation Large suspended solids
3 Aeration Taste, odor, color removal
4 Sedimentation with
coagulation
Fine suspended matters
5 Filtration Colloidal matters, micro
organisms
6 Disinfections Pathogenic bacteria
7 Softening hardness

12. Thank you