Obesity is a chronic heath problem ,the no.of people having obese rising rapidly world wide and making obesity 1 of the fastest developing peoples health problem
Obesity is a chronic heath problem ,the no.of people having obese rising rapidly world wide and making obesity 1 of the fastest developing peoples health problem
My seminar Obesity by Hani
Obesity is a public health and policy problem because of its increase prevalence, costs and health effect. (WHO, 2012, National heart lung and blood institute. 2012)
. The risk factor for chronic disease are highly prevalence (Zindah, Belbeisi, Walke & Makdad 2008)
The obesity and the overweight are risk for number of chronic disease include diabetes cardio vascular disease and cancer (WHO,2010)
Are you Struggling to Control of your Diabetes and Weight?
People who are overweight or obese are more prone to developing Type 2 diabetes. Those who have Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes with weight problems struggle to control their blood sugar levels. Research shows that people with diabetes find it more difficult to lose weight than those without diabetes.
Weight loss significantly improves blood sugar control and also reduces the risk of getting complications from diabetes. However, whilst attempting to lose weight, people with diabetes find it hard to restrict their intake of food since eating less may trigger hypoglycaemia (low blood sugar). All these facts explain the need for specialist input in management of weight in people with diabetes.
This Slideshow gives you insight to Diabesity
For more information please visit
http://www.simplyweight.co.uk
Articles
http://www.simplyweight.co.uk/articles/
Videos
http://www.simplyweight.co.uk/video/
Blogs
http://simplyweight.co.uk/blogs/
Forum
http://www.simplyweight.co.uk/forum/forum.php
Contact Us
http://www.simplyweight.co.uk/how-to-contact-us/
This ppt contains all the details about what is obesity, etiology, & mainly focuses on various methods of assessment of obesity from field tests to lab tests.
Prevalence of obesity.Body composition & body shape (body fat distribution ) and CVD risk .Mechanisms linking obesity with cardiovascular disease.Fat-but-Fit Paradigm and CVD,The Relationship of Metabolic Risk Factors and Cardiorespiratory Fitness. Metabolically Healthy but Obese ( MHO ) Phenotype and CVD.Obesity Paradox in Patients With CVD
My seminar Obesity by Hani
Obesity is a public health and policy problem because of its increase prevalence, costs and health effect. (WHO, 2012, National heart lung and blood institute. 2012)
. The risk factor for chronic disease are highly prevalence (Zindah, Belbeisi, Walke & Makdad 2008)
The obesity and the overweight are risk for number of chronic disease include diabetes cardio vascular disease and cancer (WHO,2010)
Are you Struggling to Control of your Diabetes and Weight?
People who are overweight or obese are more prone to developing Type 2 diabetes. Those who have Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes with weight problems struggle to control their blood sugar levels. Research shows that people with diabetes find it more difficult to lose weight than those without diabetes.
Weight loss significantly improves blood sugar control and also reduces the risk of getting complications from diabetes. However, whilst attempting to lose weight, people with diabetes find it hard to restrict their intake of food since eating less may trigger hypoglycaemia (low blood sugar). All these facts explain the need for specialist input in management of weight in people with diabetes.
This Slideshow gives you insight to Diabesity
For more information please visit
http://www.simplyweight.co.uk
Articles
http://www.simplyweight.co.uk/articles/
Videos
http://www.simplyweight.co.uk/video/
Blogs
http://simplyweight.co.uk/blogs/
Forum
http://www.simplyweight.co.uk/forum/forum.php
Contact Us
http://www.simplyweight.co.uk/how-to-contact-us/
This ppt contains all the details about what is obesity, etiology, & mainly focuses on various methods of assessment of obesity from field tests to lab tests.
Prevalence of obesity.Body composition & body shape (body fat distribution ) and CVD risk .Mechanisms linking obesity with cardiovascular disease.Fat-but-Fit Paradigm and CVD,The Relationship of Metabolic Risk Factors and Cardiorespiratory Fitness. Metabolically Healthy but Obese ( MHO ) Phenotype and CVD.Obesity Paradox in Patients With CVD
the world wide pandemic of obesity is associated with different types of fertility implications. Obesity is widely prevalent in western countries but it is also affecting the poor and developing counties as well. Femal fertilty is affected by increasing PCOS and other pregnancy related complications. Adipokines are of abnormal value in thise women affecting ovulation Oocyte quality , fertilization etc. The chance of pregnancy complications in early trimester as well as late trimester in the form of pregnancy loss , hypertension Diabetes . increased incidence of opeerative delivery are increasing. The baby born to the obese women are also associated with increased morbidity. Male reproduction is also affected by various ways mainly physical and endrocrinological. Semen parameters are usually abnormal in obese men. Oloigoasthenospermia is an usual finding in obese subfertile men . Sexual activity is also seem to be reduced in both obese male and female .
The treatment of obesity is mainly by changes in lifestyle modifications . Some of the patients need pharmaco therapy like Orlistat, metformin etc approved by FDA. The who are morbidly obese might require Bariatic surgery though it is not the first line therapy. In conclusion one must remember the preventive steps
Guide to Creating an Outline Purpose Use this document as.docxwhittemorelucilla
Guide to Creating an Outline
Purpose: Use this document as a resource and guide for creating effective outlines according to APA 6th
edition style guidelines.
Outline Formatting:
1. For first-level headings, use Roman numerals (I, II, III, etc.) and present the information using all
uppercase letters.
2. For secondary headings, begin with a capital letter and present the information using upper and
lowercase letters.
3. For tertiary headings, start with Arabic numerals and present the information using upper and
lowercase letters.
4. Create parallel wording for headings and subheadings (secondary and tertiary headings). For instance,
if the first heading starts with a noun, the second heading must also start with a noun.
5. Include more general information in the first-level headings, while more specific information in the
secondary and tertiary headings.
6. Use double spacing in the outline.
7. Refine the outline by filling in other appropriate details to make it more precise.
Sample Outline:
I. INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL STAKEHOLDERS INVOLVING IN THE DEICSION
A. Internal stakeholders
1. Employees
2. Physicians
B. External stakeholders
II. IMPACTS TO VARIOUS STAKEHOLDERS OF ACQUIRING A CT UNIT
III. INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL FACTORS IMPACTING THE DECISION -MAKING
A. Internal factors
1. Financial stability
2. Leadership and management
B. External factors
Reference
Purdue Online Writing Lab. (2014). Developing an outline. Retrieved from
https://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/544/1/
Last reviewed: June 2016
Anatomy or system affected: Abdomen, blood vessels, circulatory system, endocrine system, gastrointestinal system, heart, intestines, joints, psychic-emotional system, respiratory system, stomach
Definition: A condition in which the body carries excessive and unhealthy amounts of fat tissue, leading the individual to weigh in excess of 20 percent more than his or her ideal weight
Causes and Symptoms
Obesity is a condition in which the body accumulates an abnormally large amount of adipose tissue, or fat. It is a multifactorial, chronic disease that is rapidly increasing and having devastating effects on health worldwide, especially in high- and middle-income countries. Overweight and obesity are linked to more deaths around the globe than underweight, and obesity is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease, diabetes, musculoskeletal disorders such as osteoarthritis, and some cancers. The disease has social, cultural, genetic, metabolic, behavioral, and psychological components. People who are obese also face stigma and discrimination in work and social settings. Obesity is preventable. Obesity and overweight are the second leading cause of preventable deaths in the United States.
Silhouettes and waist circumferences representing normal, overweight, and obese. Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons
Because it is not practical to measure body fat content directly but it is easy ...
Healthy Living - Chapter 10 - Body Weight & Its ManagementTerry Patterson
_________________________________________
Terry L. Patterson
Director of Distance Learning
South Arkansas Community College
PO Box 7010
El Dorado, Arkansas 71731
(870) 864-8406 - 800-955-2289 ext. 406
Nutritional Practices & Habits of Boomer Consumers: Why Active Snacking is the Most Effective Method of Nutritional Supplementation. Nutritional tools to minimize age accelerators and enhance an active and healthy functional lifestyle.
View more at http://www.GoBeneVia.com/blog
Professor Julio Licinio opens the First National Symposium on Translational Psychiatry, 4 -5 April 2011, at The John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University.
We live in an era of medication, but what else can we do to improve mental health? Are we excessively prescribing, can we approach medicine in a more holistic way?
With vision loss comes increased chance of trauma and falls. How can one prevent such injuries from occurring and are their preventative measures one can take?
What is the correlation between CNS active medication and fall risk for the geriatric community and how should one best prevent fall injuries from occurring for those taking such medication?
Dementia care world's great healthcare economic challenge for 21st cent ap...SDGWEP
Dementia is currently the fastest growing cause of death in America. How do you care for those suffering from Dementia and what are the typical signs of this mental disability
Geriatric Telehealth modalities are presented including Store & Forward Telehealth, Clinical Video (Real-Time) Telehealth, Home (Remote Monitoring) Telehealth and SCAN (Specialty Care Access Network) for inter-professional TeleWound Care across the healthcare continuum.
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
The Art Pastor's Guide to Sabbath | Steve ThomasonSteve Thomason
What is the purpose of the Sabbath Law in the Torah. It is interesting to compare how the context of the law shifts from Exodus to Deuteronomy. Who gets to rest, and why?
Instructions for Submissions thorugh G- Classroom.pptxJheel Barad
This presentation provides a briefing on how to upload submissions and documents in Google Classroom. It was prepared as part of an orientation for new Sainik School in-service teacher trainees. As a training officer, my goal is to ensure that you are comfortable and proficient with this essential tool for managing assignments and fostering student engagement.
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
Welcome to TechSoup New Member Orientation and Q&A (May 2024).pdfTechSoup
In this webinar you will learn how your organization can access TechSoup's wide variety of product discount and donation programs. From hardware to software, we'll give you a tour of the tools available to help your nonprofit with productivity, collaboration, financial management, donor tracking, security, and more.
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
This is a presentation by Dada Robert in a Your Skill Boost masterclass organised by the Excellence Foundation for South Sudan (EFSS) on Saturday, the 25th and Sunday, the 26th of May 2024.
He discussed the concept of quality improvement, emphasizing its applicability to various aspects of life, including personal, project, and program improvements. He defined quality as doing the right thing at the right time in the right way to achieve the best possible results and discussed the concept of the "gap" between what we know and what we do, and how this gap represents the areas we need to improve. He explained the scientific approach to quality improvement, which involves systematic performance analysis, testing and learning, and implementing change ideas. He also highlighted the importance of client focus and a team approach to quality improvement.
How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17Celine George
It is possible to hide or invisible some fields in odoo. Commonly using “invisible” attribute in the field definition to invisible the fields. This slide will show how to make a field invisible in odoo 17.
Model Attribute Check Company Auto PropertyCeline George
In Odoo, the multi-company feature allows you to manage multiple companies within a single Odoo database instance. Each company can have its own configurations while still sharing common resources such as products, customers, and suppliers.
How to Split Bills in the Odoo 17 POS ModuleCeline George
Bills have a main role in point of sale procedure. It will help to track sales, handling payments and giving receipts to customers. Bill splitting also has an important role in POS. For example, If some friends come together for dinner and if they want to divide the bill then it is possible by POS bill splitting. This slide will show how to split bills in odoo 17 POS.
2. Introduction
Obesity is defined as an unhealthy excess
of body fat which enhances the risk of
morbidity and untimely mortality.
3. Introduction
It is accompanied by ;
Burden of chronic diseases,
Metabolic complications,
Worsening of quality of life.
More importantly:
Obesity exacerbates the age related decline in
physical function Frailty & Disability.
4. Measurement
BMI (Body Mass Index):
weight(kg)/height Squared (m)
BMI <18.5 underweight
BMI 18.5- 24.9 Normal
BMI 25-29.9 Overweight (I)
BMI 30-39.9 Obesity (II)
BMI >40 Extreme obesity (III)
Waist circumference:
Men > 40 in; Women > 35 in
5. Measurement
However, height may be reduced due to
degenerative bone disease or kyphoscoliosis,
contributing errors to BMI computation in the
elderly. Frailty also poses difficulty in obtaining
weight and height.
Increasingly, WC has been used as an index of
adiposity in adults. The advantage of WC over
BMI is that it correlates highly with both total and
intra-abdominal fat.
6. Prevalence
More than one-third of older adults aged 65
and over were obese in 2007–2010.
Obesity prevalence was higher among those
aged 65‒74 compared with those aged 75
and over in both men and women.
7. Prevalence
By 2050, the number of U.S. older adults,
defined as persons aged 65 and over, is
expected to more than double, rising from
40.2 million to 88.5 million. Both aging and
obesity contribute to increased health care
service use. Consequently, an increase in the
proportion of older adults who are obese may
compound health care spending.
8. Prevalence of obesity among adults aged 65 and over, by sex:
United States, 2007–2010 . (SOURCE: CDC/NCHS, National
Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2007‒2010.)
9. Prevalence
IS there any differences in the prevalence
of obesity among older adults by race and
ethnicity?
10. Prevalence of obesity among adults aged 65 and over, by sex and
race and ethnicity: United States, 2007–2010
(SOURCE: CDC/NCHS, National Health and Nutrition Examination
Survey, 2007‒2010.)
11. Prevalence
Is there any differences in the prevalence
of obesity among older adults by race and
ethnicity?
There were no significant differences in
obesity prevalence by race and ethnicity
among men. However, the prevalence of
obesity differed by race and ethnicity among
women.
12. Prevalence
Is there any differences in the prevalence
of obesity among older adults by
educational attainment?
13. Prevalence of obesity among adults aged 65 and over, by sex and
education: United States, 2007–2010
(SOURCE: CDC/NCHS, National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey,
2007‒2010.)
14. Prevalence
Is there any differences in the prevalence
of obesity among older adults by
educational attainment? There were no
significant linear trends in the prevalence of
obesity among men aged 65–74 by
educational attainment. There was a linear
trend among women aged 65‒74: There was
a decrease in obesity prevalence with
increasing education.
15. Body composition & aging
After the age of 30 years, There is a
progressive decrease in fat-free mass (FFM),
such as muscles and bone and an increase in
fat mass.
Aging is also associated with the redistribution
of body fat (Central obesity).
16. Body composition & aging
Reduced production of anabolic hormones:
No Decline in Catabolic hormone,
17. Causes of Obesity in Elderly
Obesity results when:
Total energy intake >energy out put
What happens to energy intake in elderly?
18. Causes of Obesity in Elderly
Obesity results when:
Total energy intake >energy out put
What happens to energy intake in elderly?
Energy intake neither changes nor declines with
advancing age. Hence, the decrease in total
energy output (EO) is an important contributor
to obesity in elderly.
19. Causes of Obesity in Elderly
Energy Out Put (EO) :
1- Basal metabolic rate (70%)
2- Thermal effect of food (10%)
3- Physical activity (20%)
20. Causes of Obesity in Elderly
What happens to basal metabolic rate?
21. Causes of Obesity in Elderly
What happens to basal metabolic rate?
It decreases because of decrease in FFM.
22. Causes of Obesity in Elderly
What happens to basal metabolic rate?
It decreases because of decrease in FFM.
What is the thermic effect of food (TEF)
and what happens to it?
23. Causes of Obesity in Elderly
What happens to basal metabolic rate?
It decreases because of decrease in FFM.
What is the thermic effect of food (TEF)
and what happens to it?
24. Causes of Obesity in Elderly
Thermic effect of food (TEF) is simply the
energy used in digestion, absorption and
distribution of nutrients.
Thermic effect of food (TEF) also declines
with ageing.
25. Causes of Obesity in Elderly
What about the physical activity
component?
26. Causes of Obesity in Elderly
What about the physical activity
component?
Actually the declines in physical activity with
ageing contributes to almost 50% of the
reduction in EO that occurs with ageing.
27. Mortality
Obesity is associated with a higher relative
risk of death for younger adults than for older
ones.
An elevated BMI increase in absolute
mortality and health risk linearly up to 75
years of age.
One explanation for this demographic shift is
selective mortality.
28. Comorbid conditions
Insulin resistance & type II DM
Dyslipidemia (high TG, Low HDL)
HTN
CAD
Increase in joint immobility and arthritis
Obstructive sleep apnea
Neoplasia
Urinary incontinence
29. Comorbid conditions
Higher rate of Nursing home admission.
Frailty syndrome (96% of community- living
obese (BMI >30) elderly (65-80 years old) are
frail.
Relative sarcopenia,
Functional dependence and poor quality of
life.
30. Beneficial effects of Obesity
Decrease in osteoporosis- related fractures:
1- Increased adipose tissue conversion of
androstenedione to estrone.
2- Extra cushioning provided by body fat.
31. Mechanisms by which obesity
increases mortality & morbidity
Adipose tissue is recognized as a source of
inflammatory mediators by producing
cytokines such as:
It is postulated that visceral fat ( Intra-
abdominal fat) is most responsible for
producing these cytokines.
32. Effects of intentional weight loss
in older adults
Weight loss results in decrease in both fat
mass (75%) and FFM (25%), it is possible
that weight loss in obese older persons could
worsen the age related loss in muscle mass.
33. Physical function- quality of life
It is well known that weight loss improves or
normalizes metabolic abnormalities
associated with obesity in young and middle
aged persons. Clinical trials shows similar
results in elderly.
Weight loss in combination with exercise
training showed beneficial effect on muscle
strength.
34. Physical function- quality of life
One study demonstrated that diet- induced
weight loss programs can indeed improve
both endurance capacity and exercise
tolerance in obese older adults despite loss
of FFM.
35. Bone mineral density
A clinical trial conducted in young and
middle- aged persons showed that diet-
induced weight loss, but not exercise –
induced weight loss, is associated with
decrease in bone mineral density (BMD).
However, one study showed that moderate
weight loss even when combined with
exercise decreases BMD in elderly.
36. Mortality
In epidemiologic studies, it has been
observed that older adults who lost weight, or
who experienced weight recycling, had an
increased relative mortality risk compared
to those who were weight- stable.
37. Effects of intentional weight loss
in older adults
SHOULD OBESE ELDERLY LOSE WEIGHT
OR NOT?
41. Diet Therapy
A successful Diet- induced weight loss
program should have a goal:
8% to 10% reduction in initial body weight
by 6 months.
Following a calorie- reduced ( calorie deficit –
500 to 1000 kcal/d), but balance diet that
provides 1 to 2 pounds weight loss a week.
42. Exercise Therapy
Exercise should be started gradually and
must be customized individually.
It should be started at low to moderate
intensity.
A multicomponent program including:
stretching, Aerobic activity and strength
exercises is the most appropriate.
Very old & frail should not be excluded.
43. Exercise Therapy
HHS 2008 guidelines describes the range of
relative intensity using a scale from 0 to 10:
Sitting = 0
All-out effort = 10
Moderate intensity is 5,produces noticeable
increase in HR and breathing.
Vigorous –intensity activity is 7-8 produces
large increase in HR & breathing.
44. Exercise Therapy
Talk Test
During moderate intensity exercise patient
should be able to talk without pauses, but not
sing.
During vigorous activity, a person cannot say
more than few words without pausing for
breath.
45. Pharmacotherapy
Limited data are available.
Can increase in likelihood of noncompliance
and errors.
All medications should be carefully reviewed
for interactions.
Antipsychotics, antidepressants,
anticonvulsants, steroids can cause weight
gain.
46. Bariatric Surgery
The available evidence for safety and
effectiveness is insufficient.
It should be considered for selective older adults
who have disabling obesity that can be
ameliorated with weight loss and have failed
multiple weight loss attempts in the past.
The multidisciplinary team should evaluate the
case carefully prior to surgery.
47. References
Brocklehurst’s Textbook of Geriatric Medicine
and Gerontology, 7th Edition,
Geriatrics Review Syllabus, 8th edition
British Medical Bulletin, Volume 97, Issue Pp.
169-196,
The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition,
CDC/NCHS, National Health and Nutrition
Examination Survey, 2007‒2010.