A nursery is a place, where seedling, saplings, trees, shrubs, and other plant materials are grown and maintained until they are placed in a permanent place.

1. “Nursery types, Structure, Components,
Planning and Lay out of Nursery”
“Nursery types, Structure, Components,
Planning and Lay out of Nursery”
“Nursery types, Structure, Components,
Planning and Lay out of Nursery”
“Nursery types, Structure, Components,
Planning and Lay out of Nursery”

2. Nursery
 A nursery is a place, where seedling, saplings, trees,
shrubs, and other plant materials are grown and
maintained until they are placed in a permanent
place.
 The plants are difficult to raise directly in the main
field .
 Nursery can be raised from seeds or through cuttings
of stem root or leaf ,through budding, grafting and
layering.
 A nursery is a place, where seedling, saplings, trees,
shrubs, and other plant materials are grown and
maintained until they are placed in a permanent
place.
 The plants are difficult to raise directly in the main
field .
 Nursery can be raised from seeds or through cuttings
of stem root or leaf ,through budding, grafting and
layering.

3.  The area being small and compact, it is convenient and
easy to grown large number of seedling per unit area.
 Managing favourable growing condition becomes easy and
feasible.
 The area being easily managed pest and disease
management easy.
 Promotion of export through supply and processing of
quality plant materials.
 Establishment of disease free and virus free scion bank.
 Ensure optimum utilization of labour, water, nutrients and
other.
 Ensure easy and cheap availability of plants.
Benefits of Nursery
 The area being small and compact, it is convenient and
easy to grown large number of seedling per unit area.
 Managing favourable growing condition becomes easy and
feasible.
 The area being easily managed pest and disease
management easy.
 Promotion of export through supply and processing of
quality plant materials.
 Establishment of disease free and virus free scion bank.
 Ensure optimum utilization of labour, water, nutrients and
other.
 Ensure easy and cheap availability of plants.

4. Types of nursery
Based on Irrigation:-
1) Dry Nursery: The dry nursery is a nursery which
is maintained without irrigation or artificial watering.
2) Wet Nursery: The wet nursery is a nursery is a
maintained by artificial water during dry periods.
Based on Irrigation:-
1) Dry Nursery: The dry nursery is a nursery which
is maintained without irrigation or artificial watering.
2) Wet Nursery: The wet nursery is a nursery is a
maintained by artificial water during dry periods.

5. Based on use :-
1) Temporary Nursery:
 This nursery raised in open especially under
sheltered position of tree or even in totally open
condition.
 In this nursery no provision of permanently bed.
 It consists of raised nursery beds.
 It can possible to changed from one place to
another, depending on the need.
Based on use :-
1) Temporary Nursery:
 This nursery raised in open especially under
sheltered position of tree or even in totally open
condition.
 In this nursery no provision of permanently bed.
 It consists of raised nursery beds.
 It can possible to changed from one place to
another, depending on the need.

6. 2) Permanent Nursery:
This are generally permanently walled beds and often
provided with overhead covering against rain or frost.
This May facility of overhead irrigation system.
Sidewalls with drainage holes are constructed with
concrete to height of 75 cm.
After removal of each batch of seedlings, the soil is
enriched with manures.
Sterilization of soil is important and for making such
arrangement costly and so permanently nursery are
used for costly, highly demanded plants.
2) Permanent Nursery:
This are generally permanently walled beds and often
provided with overhead covering against rain or frost.
This May facility of overhead irrigation system.
Sidewalls with drainage holes are constructed with
concrete to height of 75 cm.
After removal of each batch of seedlings, the soil is
enriched with manures.
Sterilization of soil is important and for making such
arrangement costly and so permanently nursery are
used for costly, highly demanded plants.

7. CLASSIFICATION
OF NURSERY
CLASSIFICATION
OF NURSERY
COMMERCIAL
NURSERY
COMMERCIAL
NURSERY
RURAL
NURSERY
RURAL
NURSERY
URBAN
NURSERY
URBAN
NURSERY
WHOLESALE
NURSERY
WHOLESALE
NURSERY
RETAIL
NURSERY
RETAIL
NURSERY
LANDSCAPE
NURSERY
LANDSCAPE
NURSERY
Classification of a nursery based on location
CLASSIFICATION
OF NURSERY
CLASSIFICATION
OF NURSERY
COMMERCIAL
NURSERY
URBAN
NURSERY
URBAN
NURSERY
LANDSCAPE
NURSERY
LANDSCAPE
NURSERY
MAIL ORDER
NURSERY
MAIL ORDER
NURSERY
AGENCY
NURSERY
AGENCY
NURSERY
HOME
NURSERY
HOME
NURSERY

8. 1) Rural Nursery:
 This type of nursery is located in a village near some
highway or near a railway station. Usually, the size of rural
nursery is large because land and labour is not a problem in
rural areas.
 The planting material in such nursery is sold out of a cheaper
rate because the cost of raising the planting material as well
as the buying power of the indenters is less.
2) Urban Nursery:
 This type of nursery is located in a town or a city.
 The size of nursery is small because the land is costly and not
easy available.
 The planting material is also costly in these nurseries because
the cost of raising the planting material is high due to costly
labour and other management practices.
1) Rural Nursery:
 This type of nursery is located in a village near some
highway or near a railway station. Usually, the size of rural
nursery is large because land and labour is not a problem in
rural areas.
 The planting material in such nursery is sold out of a cheaper
rate because the cost of raising the planting material as well
as the buying power of the indenters is less.
2) Urban Nursery:
 This type of nursery is located in a town or a city.
 The size of nursery is small because the land is costly and not
easy available.
 The planting material is also costly in these nurseries because
the cost of raising the planting material is high due to costly
labour and other management practices.

9. Based on commercial bases:-
1) Wholesale Nursery:
 The plants are produced in large number for sale to retail
outlet.
 These nurseries are usually located in rural areas, where the
land and labour is available at cheaper rate.
 Due to these reasons ,rural nurseries can afford to expand their
business without incurring to much additional expenses.
2) Retail Nursery:
 The retail seller’s purchases plant from wholesale nursery,
because the retail nursery is largely dependent on house owners
for is trade.
 It must be located near a town or city.
 These nurseries also keep goods like fertilizers, seeds and tools
etc. required for raising the garden plants.
1) Wholesale Nursery:
 The plants are produced in large number for sale to retail
outlet.
 These nurseries are usually located in rural areas, where the
land and labour is available at cheaper rate.
 Due to these reasons ,rural nurseries can afford to expand their
business without incurring to much additional expenses.
2) Retail Nursery:
 The retail seller’s purchases plant from wholesale nursery,
because the retail nursery is largely dependent on house owners
for is trade.
 It must be located near a town or city.
 These nurseries also keep goods like fertilizers, seeds and tools
etc. required for raising the garden plants.

10. 3) Landscape Nursery: The landscape nursery
should be near a popular town or city because urban
people require the landscape plants for beautifying
their house.
4) Mail order nursery: It is specialized wholesale
Nursery. It depends primarily on a catalogue display
of the stock, it offers for sale, customers order from
the catalogue and receive the plants through mail or
parcel service.
5) Agency Nursery: The agency nursery sales its
stock through agents or sales representative. Such
Nurseries are highly specialized are usually few in
number.
3) Landscape Nursery: The landscape nursery
should be near a popular town or city because urban
people require the landscape plants for beautifying
their house.
4) Mail order nursery: It is specialized wholesale
Nursery. It depends primarily on a catalogue display
of the stock, it offers for sale, customers order from
the catalogue and receive the plants through mail or
parcel service.
5) Agency Nursery: The agency nursery sales its
stock through agents or sales representative. Such
Nurseries are highly specialized are usually few in
number.

11. Kinds of nurseryKinds of nursery
o Fruit Nursery
o Vegetable Nursery
o Floriculture Nursery
o Forest Nursery
o Mixed Nursery
o Landscape Nursery
o Fruit Nursery
o Vegetable Nursery
o Floriculture Nursery
o Forest Nursery
o Mixed Nursery
o Landscape Nursery

12. Hi-tech NurseryHi-tech Nursery
There is sudden increase in the demand for certain
commercial plants (i.e. tissue culture banana, gerbera
and carnation etc).
It is not possible to fulfil this requirement by ordinary
or common nursery practices.
 These Nurseries grow plants in greenhouse, building of
glass or a plastic tunnel, designed to protect young
plants from harsh weather, while allowing access to
light and ventilation. Modern greenhouses allow
automated control of temperature, ventilation, light,
watering and feeding.
There is sudden increase in the demand for certain
commercial plants (i.e. tissue culture banana, gerbera
and carnation etc).
It is not possible to fulfil this requirement by ordinary
or common nursery practices.
 These Nurseries grow plants in greenhouse, building of
glass or a plastic tunnel, designed to protect young
plants from harsh weather, while allowing access to
light and ventilation. Modern greenhouses allow
automated control of temperature, ventilation, light,
watering and feeding.

13. Structures of NurseryStructures of Nursery
1. Shade house
 Shade house in nurseries in
tropical and sub-tropical
regions offer many
advantages like raising in
bags directly protecting the
grafts from hot summer
months, effective through
upside down overhead
micro sprinkler. The shade
houses made with shade
nets 50-70%.
1. Shade house
 Shade house in nurseries in
tropical and sub-tropical
regions offer many
advantages like raising in
bags directly protecting the
grafts from hot summer
months, effective through
upside down overhead
micro sprinkler. The shade
houses made with shade
nets 50-70%.

14. 2. Green house:
Grafting or budding of
several fruit species under
polyhouses or low cost green
houses with natural ventilation
will enhance percentage of graft
due to favourable micro climatic
conditions of polyhouses. In
green house construction, a wood
or metal frame work is built to
which wood or metal sash bars
are fixed to support panes of
glass embedded in putty. In all
greenhouses/ polyhouses means
of providing air movement and
air exchange is necessary to aid
in controlling temperature and
humidity.
2. Green house:
Grafting or budding of
several fruit species under
polyhouses or low cost green
houses with natural ventilation
will enhance percentage of graft
due to favourable micro climatic
conditions of polyhouses. In
green house construction, a wood
or metal frame work is built to
which wood or metal sash bars
are fixed to support panes of
glass embedded in putty. In all
greenhouses/ polyhouses means
of providing air movement and
air exchange is necessary to aid
in controlling temperature and
humidity.

15. Classification of greenhouse based on suitability
and cost
Classification of greenhouse based on suitability
and cost
A. Low cost or low tech greenhouse:
Low cost greenhouse is a simple structure constructed
with locally available materials such as bamboo,
timber etc. the ultra violet(UV) film is used as
cladding materials.
A. Low cost or low tech greenhouse:
Low cost greenhouse is a simple structure constructed
with locally available materials such as bamboo,
timber etc. the ultra violet(UV) film is used as
cladding materials.

16. B. Hi-tech greenhouse:
To overcome some of the difficulties in medium-tech
greenhouse, a hi-tech greenhouse where the entire
device, controlling the environment parameters are
supported to function automatically.
B. Hi-tech greenhouse:
To overcome some of the difficulties in medium-tech
greenhouse, a hi-tech greenhouse where the entire
device, controlling the environment parameters are
supported to function automatically.

17. C. Medium-tech greenhouse
 Greenhouse users prefers to have
manually or semi automatic
control arrangement owing to
minimum investment.
 This type of greenhouse is
constructed using galvanized iron (GI) pipes.
 The canopy cover is attached with structure with the help of
screws.
 Whole structure is firmly fixed with the ground to withstand the
disturbance against wind.
 Exhaust fans with thermostat are provided to control the
temperature.
 This type of greenhouse used in dry and composite climatic
zones.
C. Medium-tech greenhouse
 Greenhouse users prefers to have
manually or semi automatic
control arrangement owing to
minimum investment.
 This type of greenhouse is
constructed using galvanized iron (GI) pipes.
 The canopy cover is attached with structure with the help of
screws.
 Whole structure is firmly fixed with the ground to withstand the
disturbance against wind.
 Exhaust fans with thermostat are provided to control the
temperature.
 This type of greenhouse used in dry and composite climatic
zones.

18. 3. Classification based on number of spans
a) Free standing or single span
b) Multispan or ridge and furrow or gutter connected
4. Classification based on environmental control:
a) Naturally ventilated polyhouse:
 This polyhouses do not have any environmental control
system except for the provision of adequate ventilation and
fogger system to prevent basically the damaged from weather
aberrations and other natural agents.
b) Environmental controlled polyhouse:
 This type of polyhouse helps to extend the growing season or
permits off-season production by way of controlling light,
temperature, humidity, carbon-dioxide level and nature of root
medium.
3. Classification based on number of spans
a) Free standing or single span
b) Multispan or ridge and furrow or gutter connected
4. Classification based on environmental control:
a) Naturally ventilated polyhouse:
 This polyhouses do not have any environmental control
system except for the provision of adequate ventilation and
fogger system to prevent basically the damaged from weather
aberrations and other natural agents.
b) Environmental controlled polyhouse:
 This type of polyhouse helps to extend the growing season or
permits off-season production by way of controlling light,
temperature, humidity, carbon-dioxide level and nature of root
medium.

19. 5.Classification as per glazing
a. Polythene film:
 This is most inexpensive
covering material but it is
the short lasting one.
however, UV rays resisting
polythene film of various
thickness is usually
recommended which last
longer.
a. Polythene film:
 This is most inexpensive
covering material but it is
the short lasting one.
however, UV rays resisting
polythene film of various
thickness is usually
recommended which last
longer.

20. b. PVC film
This material is pliable and
comes in various thickness
and widths up to 6ft. It is
longer lasting than polythene
and is more expensive PVC
surface of film tend to
collect dust and lower the
intensity in due course of
time.
b. PVC film
This material is pliable and
comes in various thickness
and widths up to 6ft. It is
longer lasting than polythene
and is more expensive PVC
surface of film tend to
collect dust and lower the
intensity in due course of
time.

21. c. Polyester film:
 This is a strong
material with excellent
weathering properties
lasting for 3-5 years
and is unaffected by
extremes of heat or
cold though it is costly
than polythene PVC
film.
c. Polyester film:
 This is a strong
material with excellent
weathering properties
lasting for 3-5 years
and is unaffected by
extremes of heat or
cold though it is costly
than polythene PVC
film.

22. d. Fibre glass:
 Rigid panels, corrugated or
flat fibre glass sheets
embedded in plastic are
widely used for greenhouse
construction. fibre glass is
strong, long lasting, light
weight and easily applied
which is coming in a
variety of widths, lengths,
and thickness.bit is costlier
than polythene PVC film.
d. Fibre glass:
 Rigid panels, corrugated or
flat fibre glass sheets
embedded in plastic are
widely used for greenhouse
construction. fibre glass is
strong, long lasting, light
weight and easily applied
which is coming in a
variety of widths, lengths,
and thickness.bit is costlier
than polythene PVC film.

23. e. Hotbeds:
 The hotbed often used for the
same purpose as a greenhouse
but in a smaller scale. Amateur
operations and seedling can be
started and leafy cuttings root
early in the season in such
structures. Heat is provided
artificially below the
propagating medium by
electric heating cabals, hot
water, steam pipes or hot air
blows.
e. Hotbeds:
 The hotbed often used for the
same purpose as a greenhouse
but in a smaller scale. Amateur
operations and seedling can be
started and leafy cuttings root
early in the season in such
structures. Heat is provided
artificially below the
propagating medium by
electric heating cabals, hot
water, steam pipes or hot air
blows.

24. 6. Net house:
 Net house is like a greenhouse
in appearance, but only top is
covered by the wire net. Light
climbers are usually trained
over the top of house.
Materials like coconut,
Palmyra palm, or date palm
leaves can be also spreader
over the roof of providing
shade. A net house may be
used for growing shade loving
plants, palms, ferns etc.
6. Net house:
 Net house is like a greenhouse
in appearance, but only top is
covered by the wire net. Light
climbers are usually trained
over the top of house.
Materials like coconut,
Palmyra palm, or date palm
leaves can be also spreader
over the roof of providing
shade. A net house may be
used for growing shade loving
plants, palms, ferns etc.

25. 7. Mist chamber:
 Mist propagation chamber is a
unique technique development
in plant propagation work. it is
specially used for rooting of
leafy cuttings of the difficult to
root plants. In mist an
intermittent mist of water is
provided to the cuttings that are
kept above the rooting media.
Mist increase the relative
humidity of teh surrounding
and lowers the air and leaf-
surface temperature and there
by reduced the rate of
transpiration and respiration.
7. Mist chamber:
 Mist propagation chamber is a
unique technique development
in plant propagation work. it is
specially used for rooting of
leafy cuttings of the difficult to
root plants. In mist an
intermittent mist of water is
provided to the cuttings that are
kept above the rooting media.
Mist increase the relative
humidity of teh surrounding
and lowers the air and leaf-
surface temperature and there
by reduced the rate of
transpiration and respiration.

26.  8. Poly tunnel:
 Poly tunnels can be easily prepared
by supporting the polythene sheet
with sticks or wires and thereby
sealings end with some tying
materials. polythene sheet of 200-
300 gauges usually used for tunnel
preparation. poly tunnels are used
for raising seedlings and cuttings. In
the advanced countries it is also
effectively used for growing
strawberries. poly tunnels raise the
inside temperature of the beds which
facilities better growth of the plants.
 8. Poly tunnel:
 Poly tunnels can be easily prepared
by supporting the polythene sheet
with sticks or wires and thereby
sealings end with some tying
materials. polythene sheet of 200-
300 gauges usually used for tunnel
preparation. poly tunnels are used
for raising seedlings and cuttings. In
the advanced countries it is also
effectively used for growing
strawberries. poly tunnels raise the
inside temperature of the beds which
facilities better growth of the plants.

27. Nursery Components
1) Fence
 Prior to establishment of nursery, a good fence with barbed
wire must be erected all around the nursery to prevent tress
pass of animals and theft.
2) Road and paths
 A proper planning for roads and paths inside the nursery will
not add only beauty, but also make the nursery operation easy
and economical. this could be achieved by dividing the nursery
into different blocks and various sections.
3) Progeny block/Mother block
 The should have a well maintained progeny or mother plant
block/scion bank planted with those varieties in good demand.
the graft rooted cutting/seedling should be obtained preferably
from original breeder/research institute from where it is
released of from reputed nursery.
1) Fence
 Prior to establishment of nursery, a good fence with barbed
wire must be erected all around the nursery to prevent tress
pass of animals and theft.
2) Road and paths
 A proper planning for roads and paths inside the nursery will
not add only beauty, but also make the nursery operation easy
and economical. this could be achieved by dividing the nursery
into different blocks and various sections.
3) Progeny block/Mother block
 The should have a well maintained progeny or mother plant
block/scion bank planted with those varieties in good demand.
the graft rooted cutting/seedling should be obtained preferably
from original breeder/research institute from where it is
released of from reputed nursery.

28. MOTHER BLOCK OF
KESAR VARIETY OF
MANGO IN RHRS FARM
MOTHER BLOCK OF
AMRAPALI VARIETY OF
MANGO.

29. 4. Nursery office cum stores
 An office cum store is needed for effective management of nursery.The
office building may be constructed in a place,which offers better
decorated with attractive photographs of fruit ornamental varieties
propagated in the nursery with details of it. A store room of suitable size
is needed for storing polybags, tools and implements, packaging
materials, labels, pesticides, fertilizers etc.
5. Sales area
 The nursery sales are should be clearly identified and located closed to
the nursery entrance. Customer packing for cars must be provided, and
receiving trucks should be directed to the loading areas by signs so
drivers can processed without delay.
6. Seed beds
 This component are essential to raise the seedling and rootstocks. These
are to be laid out near the water source, since they require frequent
watering and irrigation. Beds of a 1m wide of any convenient length are
to be made. The working area of 60cm between the beds is necessary.
4. Nursery office cum stores
 An office cum store is needed for effective management of nursery.The
office building may be constructed in a place,which offers better
decorated with attractive photographs of fruit ornamental varieties
propagated in the nursery with details of it. A store room of suitable size
is needed for storing polybags, tools and implements, packaging
materials, labels, pesticides, fertilizers etc.
5. Sales area
 The nursery sales are should be clearly identified and located closed to
the nursery entrance. Customer packing for cars must be provided, and
receiving trucks should be directed to the loading areas by signs so
drivers can processed without delay.
6. Seed beds
 This component are essential to raise the seedling and rootstocks. These
are to be laid out near the water source, since they require frequent
watering and irrigation. Beds of a 1m wide of any convenient length are
to be made. The working area of 60cm between the beds is necessary.

30. 7. Nursery beds
 Raising of seedling/rootstocks in polybags require more space
compared to nursery beds but mortality is greatly reduced along
with uniformity. Nursery beds area should also have a provision to
keep the grafted plants either in trenches of 30cm depth and
1mwide soil to accommodate 500 grafts less in beds.
8. Potting mixture and potting yard
 For better success of nursery plants, a good potting mixture is
necessary. The potting mixture for different purposes can be
prepared by mixing fertile red soil, well rotten FYM, leaf mould,
oil cakes etc. in different properties.
9. Compost pit
 Organic manure is an important and inevitable component for
growing the nursery plants. It is essential for seed bed and potting
compost. The compost pit should be constructed near the potting
shed in order to facilitate the collection of compost materials for
storage.
7. Nursery beds
 Raising of seedling/rootstocks in polybags require more space
compared to nursery beds but mortality is greatly reduced along
with uniformity. Nursery beds area should also have a provision to
keep the grafted plants either in trenches of 30cm depth and
1mwide soil to accommodate 500 grafts less in beds.
8. Potting mixture and potting yard
 For better success of nursery plants, a good potting mixture is
necessary. The potting mixture for different purposes can be
prepared by mixing fertile red soil, well rotten FYM, leaf mould,
oil cakes etc. in different properties.
9. Compost pit
 Organic manure is an important and inevitable component for
growing the nursery plants. It is essential for seed bed and potting
compost. The compost pit should be constructed near the potting
shed in order to facilitate the collection of compost materials for
storage.

31. 10. Propagation area
 The propagation area is the heart of the nursery operation and must be
located in an area accessible to the production and potting areas. A
propagation area located close to the office helps in communication
between the office staffs and the propagation managers who must make
long range decision the number of specific paints to be produced.
Propagation area, size and design are determined by production type,
number of plants and species produced and markets.
11. Media preparation and storage
 Media mixing and potting may be accomplished at one central location
where potting media or media components are stored in bulk quantities.
Potting media or components are stored either in loose piles or in open bins
often constructed of concrete.
12. Production areas
 Production or plant growing area will occupy the largest percentage of
nursery land and should be adjust to the potting area to easy the orderly
movement and placement of plants in the field. The maximum distance of
plant must be carried is 100ft, 50ft, 25ft for designs in ,with average
walking distance of 50ft, 25ft, and 12.5 ft, respectively.
10. Propagation area
 The propagation area is the heart of the nursery operation and must be
located in an area accessible to the production and potting areas. A
propagation area located close to the office helps in communication
between the office staffs and the propagation managers who must make
long range decision the number of specific paints to be produced.
Propagation area, size and design are determined by production type,
number of plants and species produced and markets.
11. Media preparation and storage
 Media mixing and potting may be accomplished at one central location
where potting media or media components are stored in bulk quantities.
Potting media or components are stored either in loose piles or in open bins
often constructed of concrete.
12. Production areas
 Production or plant growing area will occupy the largest percentage of
nursery land and should be adjust to the potting area to easy the orderly
movement and placement of plants in the field. The maximum distance of
plant must be carried is 100ft, 50ft, 25ft for designs in ,with average
walking distance of 50ft, 25ft, and 12.5 ft, respectively.

32. 13. Packing shed
 Before delivery of the material to the customer they are to be
properly packed and labelled. For packaging, basket or boxes are
kept in the shed. Packaging shed should be located near the sale
counter.
14. Propagation structure
 The should be adequate provision for modern propagation
structure like lath house, hot bed, cold frame, net house and mist
chamber. This structure provide optimum condition for seed
germination, rooting of cuttings and hardening of young
seedling before transplanting in the field.
15. Service area
 Equipment storage and repair facilities, along with pesticides,
petroleum and fertilizer facilities, comprise the nursery service
area.They are usually located closed to the nursery office yet
accessible to supply truck servicing facilities and storage
facilities for large piece of equipment. i.e. tractor, forklifts and
sprayers are often open sided “pole barn” type structure.
13. Packing shed
 Before delivery of the material to the customer they are to be
properly packed and labelled. For packaging, basket or boxes are
kept in the shed. Packaging shed should be located near the sale
counter.
14. Propagation structure
 The should be adequate provision for modern propagation
structure like lath house, hot bed, cold frame, net house and mist
chamber. This structure provide optimum condition for seed
germination, rooting of cuttings and hardening of young
seedling before transplanting in the field.
15. Service area
 Equipment storage and repair facilities, along with pesticides,
petroleum and fertilizer facilities, comprise the nursery service
area.They are usually located closed to the nursery office yet
accessible to supply truck servicing facilities and storage
facilities for large piece of equipment. i.e. tractor, forklifts and
sprayers are often open sided “pole barn” type structure.

33. 16. Wind break
 A wind consists of 2 or 3 rows of tall-medium-low height
trees plants closely together around the nursery against the
direction of wind. Wind break reduce the wind velocity by
filtering the wind with approximately 40-50% air
permeability and to protect the nursery plant from hot and
cold winds and sever storm.
17. Wells, sump, pipelines, generators etc.
 Fruit and ornamental nursery plant require abundant
supply of water for irrigation, since they are grown in
polybags or pots with limiting quantity of potting mixture.
16. Wind break
 A wind consists of 2 or 3 rows of tall-medium-low height
trees plants closely together around the nursery against the
direction of wind. Wind break reduce the wind velocity by
filtering the wind with approximately 40-50% air
permeability and to protect the nursery plant from hot and
cold winds and sever storm.
17. Wells, sump, pipelines, generators etc.
 Fruit and ornamental nursery plant require abundant
supply of water for irrigation, since they are grown in
polybags or pots with limiting quantity of potting mixture.

34. Planning &Layout of NurseryPlanning &Layout of Nursery
 Many commercial nursery begin as a small backyard
operations, with little though given to initial or future
layout design.
 Nursery managers are often anxious to realise a rapid
return of their investment and overlook the need for
thorough nursery layout planning.
 A nursery operations encompasses many different phases
and efficient if use of land resource is important.
 layout design must be efficient if the nursery is to
productive and compete in today's market facilities or
activity areas will vary with the type of nursery and
specific production scheme employed.
 Many commercial nursery begin as a small backyard
operations, with little though given to initial or future
layout design.
 Nursery managers are often anxious to realise a rapid
return of their investment and overlook the need for
thorough nursery layout planning.
 A nursery operations encompasses many different phases
and efficient if use of land resource is important.
 layout design must be efficient if the nursery is to
productive and compete in today's market facilities or
activity areas will vary with the type of nursery and
specific production scheme employed.

35. 1. Location and site
 The land of nursery should be flat with little slope in one
direction for proper drainage. The area selected for nursery
establishment should be reputed for one or the kind of
business. The skilled labour should be available in the locality.
The area should be well connected with rode or by rail track. It
should be easily approachable by the customer.
2. Soil and climate
 It is prime important to select a locality in which a wide range
of species and varieties are grown and are in great demand in
the market. The soil should be physically good with proper
drainage. Usually, for the fruit plant friable loamy soil high
fertility with PH range of 5.5-6.5 are however, soil with hard
and compact sub-soil layers should be avoided. Usually, a
depth of 70-80mm is sufficient for growing plants in nursery.
Soil with implemented of calcium carbonate may be avoided as
it affects permeability and aeration, resulting in poor root
development.
1. Location and site
 The land of nursery should be flat with little slope in one
direction for proper drainage. The area selected for nursery
establishment should be reputed for one or the kind of
business. The skilled labour should be available in the locality.
The area should be well connected with rode or by rail track. It
should be easily approachable by the customer.
2. Soil and climate
 It is prime important to select a locality in which a wide range
of species and varieties are grown and are in great demand in
the market. The soil should be physically good with proper
drainage. Usually, for the fruit plant friable loamy soil high
fertility with PH range of 5.5-6.5 are however, soil with hard
and compact sub-soil layers should be avoided. Usually, a
depth of 70-80mm is sufficient for growing plants in nursery.
Soil with implemented of calcium carbonate may be avoided as
it affects permeability and aeration, resulting in poor root
development.

36. 3. Wind
 Area with frequent, long lasting, high velocity wind particularly where
humidity is low and wind are drying and from the east should be
avoided. Winds will affect irrigation application and uniformity and
may result in soil movement. High winds can desiccate seedlings and
soil carried by winds can blast stems and foliage. Wind can restrict
spraying of pesticides, cause tree seed cover to be blown away, and
displace or scatter seed bed mulches.
4. Water supply
 Frequent light irrigation is required for nursery plants. so, availability
or regular soft water in area is of prime importance. For this purpose, a
surface well or a tube well may be dug out. However, a water reservoir
may be constructed in area with short supply of water for meeting the
requirements during water storage.
5. Manures
 For nursery work, plenty of organic manures like farm yard manures,
leaf mould and compost is required and it must be available in the
locality in sufficient.
3. Wind
 Area with frequent, long lasting, high velocity wind particularly where
humidity is low and wind are drying and from the east should be
avoided. Winds will affect irrigation application and uniformity and
may result in soil movement. High winds can desiccate seedlings and
soil carried by winds can blast stems and foliage. Wind can restrict
spraying of pesticides, cause tree seed cover to be blown away, and
displace or scatter seed bed mulches.
4. Water supply
 Frequent light irrigation is required for nursery plants. so, availability
or regular soft water in area is of prime importance. For this purpose, a
surface well or a tube well may be dug out. However, a water reservoir
may be constructed in area with short supply of water for meeting the
requirements during water storage.
5. Manures
 For nursery work, plenty of organic manures like farm yard manures,
leaf mould and compost is required and it must be available in the
locality in sufficient.

37. 6. Labour supply
 The nursery should not be far away from a populated
district otherwise it will be difficult to hire staff and labour
willing to travel.
7. Transportation
 Once the nursery stock is ready for sale, there should be
good roads and transport facilities. These facilities are also
required for timely importing of stock and other material
for the nursery.
8. Refrigerated seedling storage
 Access to commercial tree seedling storage is mandatory
to ensure that stock can be stored without loss of vigour
for up to three months. Potential storage may be found in
the fruit or produce industry.
6. Labour supply
 The nursery should not be far away from a populated
district otherwise it will be difficult to hire staff and labour
willing to travel.
7. Transportation
 Once the nursery stock is ready for sale, there should be
good roads and transport facilities. These facilities are also
required for timely importing of stock and other material
for the nursery.
8. Refrigerated seedling storage
 Access to commercial tree seedling storage is mandatory
to ensure that stock can be stored without loss of vigour
for up to three months. Potential storage may be found in
the fruit or produce industry.