The seminar discusses nuclear batteries, highlighting their ability to generate electricity from radioactive isotopes and their long lifespan of up to decades without radioactive waste. The document outlines methodologies for their operation, along with the merits such as efficiency and applications in inaccessible areas, while noting demerits like high initial costs and regulatory challenges. It concludes with references related to advancements and construction in nuclear technology.

1. SMT KAMALA & SRI VENKAPPA M AGADI COLLEGE
OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY LAXMESHWAR.
DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONICS
A Seminar On
NUCLEAR BATTERIES
UNDER THE GUIDENCE OF
Prof. SANGEETA T
PRESENTED BY,
KIRANKUMAR M K

2. IntroductionIntroduction
MethodologyMethodology
Merits and DemeritsMerits and Demerits
ApplicationsApplications
ReferencesReferences
CONTENTS

3. ∗ Idea was introduced in 1950 and patented to Tracer
Lab.
∗ Radioisotope electric power system developed by Paul
Brown.
∗ Chemical batteries require frequent replacements and
are bulky.
∗ Fuel and Solar cells are expensive and requires sunlight
respectively.
INTRODUCTION

4. ∗ Uses emissions from radioactive isotope to generate
electricity.
∗ Nuclear batteries have lifespan upto decades.
∗ Do not rely on nuclear reaction , so no radioactive
wastes.
∗ Can be used in inaccessible and extreme conditions.
CONT…

5. METHODOLOGY

6. ∗ Stage 1: No movement of charges due to equilibrium
state of PN-junction.
∗ Stage 2: Introduction of radioactive source.
∗ Stage 3: Colloision of beta particals.
∗ Stage 4: Creation of Fermi potential.
∗ Stage 5:Movement of electrons from electrode A to
RL load.
∗ Stage 6: Returning of electrons to ground state.

8. ∗ Life span- minimum of 10 years.
∗ Reliable electricity.
∗ Lighter with high energy density.
∗ It is efficient.
∗ Fuel used is the nuclear waste from nuclear fission.
MERITS

9. ∗ High initial cost of production.
∗ Energy conversion methodologies are not much
advanced.
∗ Regional and country-specific laws regarding use
and disposal of radioactive fuels.
∗ To gain social acceptance.
demerits

10. ∗ Space application
∗ Medical application
∗ In Mobile devices.
∗ It can be used in Automobiles
APPLiCAtiONs

11. ∗ Small compact devices of future, requires small
batteries.
∗ Nuclear batteries increase functionality, reliability and
longevity.
∗ Until final disposal all Radiation Protection Standards
must be met.
∗ Batteries of the near future.
CONCLusiON

12. ∗ J. P. Blanchard "Stretching the boundaries of nuclear
technology", The Bridge, vol. 32
∗ H. Guo and A. Lal "Nano power beta voltaic micro
batteries", IEEE Proc. 12th Int. Conf. Solid State Sens.,
Actuators Microsyst,
∗ H. Loferski, J.J Elleman, "Construction of a
promethium-147 atomic battery,". IEEE Trans., on
Electron Devices, vol. 3,
reFereNCes

13. THANKTHANK YOUYOU