Geography M2 Chemical Weathering
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The document discusses chemical weathering, which is the breakdown of rocks through chemical processes. It occurs when rocks interact with substances like water, oxygen, and carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. There are four main types of chemical weathering: oxidation, solution, carbonation, and biotic weathering. The document provides details on each type of chemical weathering and includes objectives, diagrams, and a quiz for students.
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Geography M2 Chemical Weathering
- 1. WHAT IS CHEMICAL WEATHERING? WHAT IS CHEMICAL WEATHERING? 1 - OXIDATION1 - OXIDATION 2 - SOLUTION2 - SOLUTION 3 - CARBONATION3 - CARBONATION 4 - BIOTIC4 - BIOTIC QUIZQUIZ OBJECTIVESOBJECTIVES 1
- 2. Geography Module # 2 Unit #1 Lesson #2 BEGINBEGIN
- 3. WHAT IS CHEMICAL WEATHERING? WHAT IS CHEMICAL WEATHERING? 1 - OXIDATION1 - OXIDATION 2 - SOLUTION2 - SOLUTION 3 - CARBONATION3 - CARBONATION 4 - BIOTIC4 - BIOTIC QUIZQUIZ OBJECTIVESOBJECTIVES Students should be able to: • define the terms chemical and biotic weathering, • explain the processes of chemical weathering such as carbonation, oxidation and solution, • discuss how different processes of chemical weathering are influenced by factors such as climate, rock type, and living organisms, • understand the impact of chemical weathering on rock surfaces. 3
- 4. WHAT IS CHEMICAL WEATHERING? WHAT IS CHEMICAL WEATHERING? 1 - OXIDATION1 - OXIDATION 2 - SOLUTION2 - SOLUTION 3 - CARBONATION3 - CARBONATION 4 - BIOTIC4 - BIOTIC QUIZQUIZ OBJECTIVESOBJECTIVES ChemicalWeathering is the decay of rocks. It occurs when rock minerals react with rain water, moisture or air to alter the chemical composition and structure of the rock.The original rock minerals are changed to form new compounds which leads to the decomposition of the rocks. Types of chemical weathering are: Oxidation Solution Carbonation Biotic 4
- 5. WHAT IS CHEMICAL WEATHERING? WHAT IS CHEMICAL WEATHERING? 1 - OXIDATION1 - OXIDATION 2 - SOLUTION2 - SOLUTION 3 - CARBONATION3 - CARBONATION 4 - BIOTIC4 - BIOTIC QUIZQUIZ OBJECTIVESOBJECTIVES WEATHERINGWEATHERING Chemical WeatheringChemical Weathering OxidationOxidation SolutionSolution CarbonationCarbonation BioticBiotic 5
- 6. WHAT IS CHEMICAL WEATHERING? WHAT IS CHEMICAL WEATHERING? 1 - OXIDATION1 - OXIDATION 2 - SOLUTION2 - SOLUTION 3 - CARBONATION3 - CARBONATION 4 - BIOTIC4 - BIOTIC QUIZQUIZ OBJECTIVESOBJECTIVES ChemicalWeathering What you need: lemon or lime juice, vinegar, medicine droppers, two pieces each of limestone, chalk, and quartzite. What to do: 1. Put a few drops of lemon juice on one of each of the three rock samples. 2. Put a few drops of vinegar on each of the other three samples. 3. Look and listen carefully each time you add the lemon juice or 1the vinegar. 6
- 7. WHAT IS CHEMICAL WEATHERING? WHAT IS CHEMICAL WEATHERING? 1 - OXIDATION1 - OXIDATION 2 - SOLUTION2 - SOLUTION 3 - CARBONATION3 - CARBONATION 4 - BIOTIC4 - BIOTIC QUIZQUIZ OBJECTIVESOBJECTIVES Think about the questions and type your responses below. You must be in Slide Show view to type and delete text. 7 Click for FeedbackClick for Feedback
- 8. WHAT IS CHEMICAL WEATHERING? WHAT IS CHEMICAL WEATHERING? 1 - OXIDATION1 - OXIDATION 2 - SOLUTION2 - SOLUTION 3 - CARBONATION3 - CARBONATION 4 - BIOTIC4 - BIOTIC QUIZQUIZ OBJECTIVESOBJECTIVES What should have happened: • Lemon juice and vinegar are both weak acids. These mild acids can dissolve rocks that contain calcium carbonate. • The lemon juice and vinegar should have bubbled or fizzed on the limestone and chalk, which all contain calcium carbonate. • There should not have been a reaction on the quartz, which does not contain calcium carbonate. 8
- 9. WHAT IS CHEMICAL WEATHERING? WHAT IS CHEMICAL WEATHERING? 1 - OXIDATION1 - OXIDATION 2 - SOLUTION2 - SOLUTION 3 - CARBONATION3 - CARBONATION 4 - BIOTIC4 - BIOTIC QUIZQUIZ OBJECTIVESOBJECTIVES • Oxidation is the process in which oxygen chemically combines with other substances. • Oxidation occurs when rocks are exposed to oxygen the air or water.The chemical addition of oxygen to compounds in the rock can weaken the structure of the rock. • When iron compounds combine with oxygen ferric oxide (iron oxide) is formed which gives rocks a reddish brown tinge. • Oxidation causes rocks to decay and crumble easily. • Oxidation is the process that causes metals to rust . 9
- 10. WHAT IS CHEMICAL WEATHERING? WHAT IS CHEMICAL WEATHERING? 1 - OXIDATION1 - OXIDATION 2 - SOLUTION2 - SOLUTION 3 - CARBONATION3 - CARBONATION 4 - BIOTIC4 - BIOTIC QUIZQUIZ OBJECTIVESOBJECTIVES 10 Can you identify the areas where oxidation has occurred? In Slide Show view, type your answer in the box below.
- 11. WHAT IS CHEMICAL WEATHERING? WHAT IS CHEMICAL WEATHERING? 1 - OXIDATION1 - OXIDATION 2 - SOLUTION2 - SOLUTION 3 - CARBONATION3 - CARBONATION 4 - BIOTIC4 - BIOTIC QUIZQUIZ OBJECTIVESOBJECTIVES 11 Describe what is taking place in the picture. In Slide Show view, type your answer in the box below.
- 12. WHAT IS CHEMICAL WEATHERING? WHAT IS CHEMICAL WEATHERING? 1 - OXIDATION1 - OXIDATION 2 - SOLUTION2 - SOLUTION 3 - CARBONATION3 - CARBONATION 4 - BIOTIC4 - BIOTIC QUIZQUIZ OBJECTIVESOBJECTIVES Rocks that dissolve easily in water are said to be soluble. Many minerals are soluble in water especially if the water is acidic. Minerals such as rock salt can be dissolved by water. Most rain water and water in the soil are slightly acid.When the minerals in rock dissolve hollows are left within the rock structure while the less soluble minerals remain. 12
- 13. WHAT IS CHEMICAL WEATHERING? WHAT IS CHEMICAL WEATHERING? 1 - OXIDATION1 - OXIDATION 2 - SOLUTION2 - SOLUTION 3 - CARBONATION3 - CARBONATION 4 - BIOTIC4 - BIOTIC QUIZQUIZ OBJECTIVESOBJECTIVES • Carbonation is a form of chemical weathering which affects limestone. It operates like this: • Carbonation takes place when carbon dioxide in the atmosphere dissolves in rain water to form carbonic acid. • Rain water as a weak acid reacts with limestone (calcium carbonate) and it becomes soluble and dissolves in the water. • The process of carbonation occurs along the joins in the limestone and enlarge them. 13
- 14. WHAT IS CHEMICAL WEATHERING? WHAT IS CHEMICAL WEATHERING? 1 - OXIDATION1 - OXIDATION 2 - SOLUTION2 - SOLUTION 3 - CARBONATION3 - CARBONATION 4 - BIOTIC4 - BIOTIC QUIZQUIZ OBJECTIVESOBJECTIVES A limestone pavement – notice the grooves and ridges caused by solution of the limestone 14
- 15. WHAT IS CHEMICAL WEATHERING? WHAT IS CHEMICAL WEATHERING? 1 - OXIDATION1 - OXIDATION 2 - SOLUTION2 - SOLUTION 3 - CARBONATION3 - CARBONATION 4 - BIOTIC4 - BIOTIC QUIZQUIZ OBJECTIVESOBJECTIVES 15 Lichens are plants that produce weak acids. These plants often grow on rocks. As they grow, the acids they produce seep into the rocks and dissolve some of the minerals resulting in chemical weathering.
- 16. WHAT IS CHEMICAL WEATHERING? WHAT IS CHEMICAL WEATHERING? 1 - OXIDATION1 - OXIDATION 2 - SOLUTION2 - SOLUTION 3 - CARBONATION3 - CARBONATION 4 - BIOTIC4 - BIOTIC QUIZQUIZ OBJECTIVESOBJECTIVES Are you ready to test yourself? There are four multiple choice items that you are required to do. For each item, click on the letter of the correct response and then click the button ‘NEXT QUESTION’ to continue. You must be in sldie show view to do the quiz. Click the BEGIN QUIZ button to proceed. 16 BEGIN QUIZ!BEGIN QUIZ!
- 17. WHAT IS CHEMICAL WEATHERING? WHAT IS CHEMICAL WEATHERING? 1 - OXIDATION1 - OXIDATION 2 - SOLUTION2 - SOLUTION 3 - CARBONATION3 - CARBONATION 4 - BIOTIC4 - BIOTIC QUIZQUIZ OBJECTIVESOBJECTIVES The general process by which rocks are broken down on the Earth’s surface is called: 17 A. decompositionA. decomposition B. erosionB. erosion C. denudationC. denudation D. weatheringD. weathering FEEDBACKFEEDBACKFEEDBACKFEEDBACK
- 18. WHAT IS CHEMICAL WEATHERING? WHAT IS CHEMICAL WEATHERING? 1 - OXIDATION1 - OXIDATION 2 - SOLUTION2 - SOLUTION 3 - CARBONATION3 - CARBONATION 4 - BIOTIC4 - BIOTIC QUIZQUIZ OBJECTIVESOBJECTIVES Question 1: The general process by which rocks are broken down on the Earth’s surface is called: Feedback Weathering is the first stage in the break down of rocks which are then picked up by agents of erosion such as running water, the sea and moving ice. All these processes result in denudation. 18 NEXT QUESTIONNEXT QUESTIONNEXT QUESTIONNEXT QUESTION
- 19. WHAT IS CHEMICAL WEATHERING? WHAT IS CHEMICAL WEATHERING? 1 - OXIDATION1 - OXIDATION 2 - SOLUTION2 - SOLUTION 3 - CARBONATION3 - CARBONATION 4 - BIOTIC4 - BIOTIC QUIZQUIZ OBJECTIVESOBJECTIVES The decomposition of rock from exposure to water and atmospheric gases is known as: 19 A. Mechanical weatheringA. Mechanical weathering D. Salt wedgingD. Salt wedging C. DenudationC. Denudation B. Chemical weatheringB. Chemical weathering FEEDBACKFEEDBACKFEEDBACKFEEDBACK
- 20. WHAT IS CHEMICAL WEATHERING? WHAT IS CHEMICAL WEATHERING? 1 - OXIDATION1 - OXIDATION 2 - SOLUTION2 - SOLUTION 3 - CARBONATION3 - CARBONATION 4 - BIOTIC4 - BIOTIC QUIZQUIZ OBJECTIVESOBJECTIVES Question 2: The decomposition of rock from exposure to water and atmospheric gases is known as: Feedback Chemical weathering results in the change in the chemical composition of rocks this is brought about by chemical reactions that occur in the presence of oxygen and carbon dioxide. 20 NEXT QUESTIONNEXT QUESTIONNEXT QUESTIONNEXT QUESTION
- 21. WHAT IS CHEMICAL WEATHERING? WHAT IS CHEMICAL WEATHERING? 1 - OXIDATION1 - OXIDATION 2 - SOLUTION2 - SOLUTION 3 - CARBONATION3 - CARBONATION 4 - BIOTIC4 - BIOTIC QUIZQUIZ OBJECTIVESOBJECTIVES Chemical weathering takes place most effectively when it is: 21 A. Cold and dryA. Cold and dry D. Dry all the timeD. Dry all the time B. Cold and wetB. Cold and wet C. Warm and wetC. Warm and wet FEEDBACKFEEDBACKFEEDBACKFEEDBACK
- 22. WHAT IS CHEMICAL WEATHERING? WHAT IS CHEMICAL WEATHERING? 1 - OXIDATION1 - OXIDATION 2 - SOLUTION2 - SOLUTION 3 - CARBONATION3 - CARBONATION 4 - BIOTIC4 - BIOTIC QUIZQUIZ OBJECTIVESOBJECTIVES Question 3: Chemical weathering takes place most effectively when it is: Feedback Chemical weathering occurs because chemical reactions are occurring on rock surfaces. Most chemical reactions occur in the presence of water and in warm temperatures.Thus warm wet conditions are ideal settings for chemical weathering. 22 NEXT QUESTIONNEXT QUESTIONNEXT QUESTIONNEXT QUESTION
- 23. WHAT IS CHEMICAL WEATHERING? WHAT IS CHEMICAL WEATHERING? 1 - OXIDATION1 - OXIDATION 2 - SOLUTION2 - SOLUTION 3 - CARBONATION3 - CARBONATION 4 - BIOTIC4 - BIOTIC QUIZQUIZ OBJECTIVESOBJECTIVES Carbonic acid, the primary agent of chemical weathering is produced by: 23 A. Plant rootsA. Plant roots D. Oxygen reacting with iron compoundsD. Oxygen reacting with iron compounds C. Bacteria that feeds on plant and animal remainsC. Bacteria that feeds on plant and animal remains B. Carbon dioxide dissolving in rain waterB. Carbon dioxide dissolving in rain water FEEDBACKFEEDBACKFEEDBACKFEEDBACK
- 24. WHAT IS CHEMICAL WEATHERING? WHAT IS CHEMICAL WEATHERING? 1 - OXIDATION1 - OXIDATION 2 - SOLUTION2 - SOLUTION 3 - CARBONATION3 - CARBONATION 4 - BIOTIC4 - BIOTIC QUIZQUIZ OBJECTIVESOBJECTIVES Question 4: Carbonic acid, the primary agent of chemical weathering is produced by: Feedback Rain water dissolves carbon dioxide from the air as it passes through it rain water (H2O ) + carbon dioxide (CO2) = mild carbonic acid (H2 CO3) 24 NEXT QUESTIONNEXT QUESTIONNEXT QUESTIONNEXT QUESTION
- 25. WHAT IS CHEMICAL WEATHERING? WHAT IS CHEMICAL WEATHERING? 1 - OXIDATION1 - OXIDATION 2 - SOLUTION2 - SOLUTION 3 - CARBONATION3 - CARBONATION 4 - BIOTIC4 - BIOTIC QUIZQUIZ OBJECTIVESOBJECTIVES The process in which oxygen chemically combines with substances is: 25 B. DecompositionB. Decomposition D. DenudationD. Denudation C. CarbonationC. Carbonation A. OxidationA. Oxidation FEEDBACKFEEDBACKFEEDBACKFEEDBACK
- 26. WHAT IS CHEMICAL WEATHERING? WHAT IS CHEMICAL WEATHERING? 1 - OXIDATION1 - OXIDATION 2 - SOLUTION2 - SOLUTION 3 - CARBONATION3 - CARBONATION 4 - BIOTIC4 - BIOTIC QUIZQUIZ OBJECTIVESOBJECTIVES Question 5: The process in which oxygen chemically combines with substances is: Feedback Oxidation –is the chemical addition of oxygen to compounds in rocks and it can weaken the structure of rocks. Oxygen either dissolved in water or in the air combines with minerals present in the rocks. This type of weathering is also known as rusting as the rock discolours to a reddish-brown colour. 26END OF QUIZEND OF QUIZEND OF QUIZEND OF QUIZ
- 27. WHAT IS CHEMICAL WEATHERING? WHAT IS CHEMICAL WEATHERING? 1 - OXIDATION1 - OXIDATION 2 - SOLUTION2 - SOLUTION 3 - CARBONATION3 - CARBONATION 4 - BIOTIC4 - BIOTIC QUIZQUIZ OBJECTIVESOBJECTIVES You have reached the end of the quiz. If you wish to review this lesson, go to the first slide. If you have finished viewing the lesson, click the Close (X) button. 27
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