The document discusses acids and bases in several contexts. It covers acid rain and its environmental effects. It also discusses antacids and how they are used to treat excess stomach acid. Additionally, it examines the roles of acids and bases in industry, the home, health, and disease. It provides examples of commonly used acids like sulfuric acid and bases like lime. Finally, it includes a quiz to test the reader's understanding.

1. C HAPTER 7
Reporter: JULIET A. ORIGENES
BEE-II

2. *Acid Rain
*Antacids
*Acids and Bases in Industry and Us
*Acids and Bases in Health and Disease
C HAPTER 7

3. AT THE END OF THE LESSON, THE STUDENTS
SHOULD BE ABLE TO LEARN:
•What is acid rain and its effects on the environment and
the human being
•What are antacids and its benefit and effects on human
health
•What are the role of acids and bases in industry, in us,
health and disease.

6. Rain with a pH
below 5.6 is called

7. Acid rain is due
to acidic
pollutants in the
air.

9. Some acid rain is due to natural
pollutants.
Nitrogen
oxides
Nitric acid
Sulfur
oxides
Sulfuric
acid

10. Acid rain
is an
important
environm
ental
problem
that
involves
air
pollution
and water
pollution.

11. A
BASIC
REMEDY

12. The stomach secretes
hydrochloric acid to aid in the
digestion of food. Thus,
emotional stress leads to
hyperacidity.

13. Antacids are bases.
Common ingredients are sodium
bicarbonate, calcium carbonate,
aluminum hydroxide,
magnesium carbonate and
magnesium hydroxide.

14. Sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) known
as baking soda is one of the earliest
antacids.
HCO3¯(aq)+H†(aq)
H2CO3(aq)
H2CO3(aq)
CO2(g)+H2O(1)

15. Overuse of baking
soda can cause
alkalosis

16. Antacids that contain sodium
ion are not recommended for
people with hypertension.
Calcium carbonate(CaCo3) and
Aluminum hydroxide is safe in
small amounts , but regular
use can
cause constipation.

17. Why doesn’t “Stomach Acid”
dissolve the stomach?
Gastric juice is found in the stomach.
The stomach is protected by a layer of
mucus, mucin and other substances in
water.

18. Can stomach acids
cause ulcers?
Stomach acids only
play a minor role in
ulcer formation.
Ulcers develop as a result of
infection with a bacterium called
Helicobacter Pylori.

19. and
Bases
Industry
Home

20. SULFURIC ACID
40 billion kg. produced each
year in U.S. and about 190
billion kg annually around the
world.
Use as fertilizers and automobile
batteries.

21. HYDROCHLORIC ACID
INDUSTRY Remove rust from metal
CONSTRUCTION Remove excess mortar from
bricks and etch concrete
for painting.
HOME Remove lime deposits from
fixtures and toilet bowls.
-known as muriatic acid

22. LIME (CaO)
The cheapest and most widely
known and used commercial
base. Made by heating
limestone ( CaCO3) to drive off
CO2.
CaCO3(s) + heat CaO(s) + CO2(g)

23. CALCIUM HYDROXIDE (SLAKED LIME)
Formed by adding water to
calcium oxide (lime)
Use to make mortar and cement.

24. SODIUM HYDROXIDE (LYE)
Oven cleaner (Easy off)
Open clogged drains (Drano)
Commercial and homemade soaps.

25. AMMONIA
Annual U.S. production is 11
billion kg.Used as fertilizers
Used at home for a variety of
cleaning products.

26. and
BASes
Health

27. Acids when misused can
damage human health.
Sulfuric acid is a powerful
dehydrating acid that can react
with water in the cells.

28. Strong acids and bases break
down the protein molecules in
living cells.

29. Acids and bases affect human
health.
If acidity of blood changes too much,
the blood loses its capacity to carry
out oxygen.
If the pH changes too much, the
proteins can’t carry out their
usual functions.

31. QUIZ
1. Which of the following is a precursor to
acid rain?
b. Ozone
a. Carbon Dioxide c. Carbon Monoxide
d. Sulfur Dioxide

32. 2. Which of the following is a possible pH
of acid rain?
c. 7.4
a. 4.2 b. 7.0
d. 9.0

33. 3. When a person with excess stomach acid
takes an antacid, the pH of the person’s
stomach changes
c. From a low value to an even lower value
a. From a low value to value nearer 7.
b. From 7 to a much higher value.
d. From a high value to a lower value

34. 4. The leading chemical product of U.S.
industry is?
c. Lime
a. Ammonia b. Pesticide
d. Sulfuric acid

35. 5.The acid used in the automobile storage
battery is?
c. Nitric acid
a. Citric acid b. Hydrochloric Acid
d. Sulfuric Acid

36. 6. Known as a basic remedy for
hyperacidity.
c. Antacids
a. Citric acid b. Hydrochloric Acid
d. Sulfuric Acid

37. 7. A condition which results to the overuse
of sodium bicarbonate.
c. alkalosis
a. alkalinisitis b. Hyperacidity
d. Acidity

38. 8. It is a n old name for hydrochloric acid
c. Antacids
a. Citric acid b. muriatic Acid
d. Sulfuric Acid

39. 9. It is the cheapest and most widely used
commercial base.
c. Antacids
a. Lime b. Limestone
d. Sulfuric Acid

40. 10. It is known as lye and is a strong base
most often used at home.
c. Antacids
a. Sodium Hydroxide b. Limestone
d. Sulfuric Acid

41. ANSWERS

42. QUIZ
1. Which of the following is a precursor to
acid rain?
b. Ozone
a. Carbon Dioxide c. Carbon Monoxide
d. Sulfur Dioxide

43. 2. Which of the following is a possible pH
of acid rain?
c. 7.4
a. 4.2 b. 7.0
d. 9.0

44. 3. When a person with excess stomach acid
takes an antacid, the pH of the person’s
stomach changes
c. From a low value to an even lower value
a. From a low value to value nearer 7.
b. From 7 to a much higher value.
d. From a high value to a lower value

45. 4. The leading chemical product of U.S.
industry is?
c. Lime
a. Ammonia b. Pesticide
d. Sulfuric acid

46. 5.The acid used in the automobile storage
battery is?
c. Nitric acid
a. Citric acid b. Hydrochloric Acid
d. Sulfuric Acid

47. 6. Known as a basic remedy for
hyperacidity.
c. Antacids
a. Citric acid b. Hydrochloric Acid
d. Sulfuric Acid

48. 7. A condition which results to the overuse
of sodium bicarbonate.
c. alkalosis
a. alkalinisitis b. Hyperacidity
d. Acidity

49. 8. It is a n old name for hydrochloric acid
c. Antacids
a. Citric acid b. muriatic Acid
d. Sulfuric Acid

50. 9. It is the cheapest and most widely used
commercial base.
c. Antacids
a. Lime b. Limestone
d. Sulfuric Acid

51. 10. It is known as lye and is a strong base
most often used at home.
c. Antacids
a. Sodium Hydroxide b. Limestone
d. Sulfuric Acid