This document discusses several key concepts in plate tectonics: - Faults are fractures in the Earth's crust where measurable movement has occurred. Trenches form from fault movements between converging plates. - Plates are composed of continental and oceanic crust. Plate tectonics refers to the movement of these crustal plates. - Alfred Wegener first proposed the continental drift theory that the world's continents were once joined together in a supercontinent called Pangaea.