Networking in Telecommunication (signalling, tcp, ucp, ss7, sctp, sigtran)
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This document contains the slides for a webinar on networking in telecommunications presented by Achmad Mardiansyah from GLC Networks in Indonesia. The webinar covers the history of telecommunications networking from early systems using wires and human operators to modern digital networks using protocols like SS7, TCP, and IP. It reviews prerequisite knowledge on networking layers and protocols. The webinar demonstrates how signalling works over IP networks and includes a live practice session. Attendees are invited to ask questions. Additional training events are announced and contact information is provided.
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Networking in Telecommunication (signalling, tcp, ucp, ss7, sctp, sigtran)
- 1. www.glcnetworks.com Networking in Telecommunication (Signalling, TCP, UCP, SS7, SCTP, SIGTRAN) GLC webinar, 5 Oct 2021 Achmad Mardiansyah achmad@glcnetworks.com GLC Networks, Indonesia 1
- 2. www.glcnetworks.com Agenda ● Introduction ● Review prerequisite knowledge ● Telco signalling ● SS7, SCTP, SIGTRAN ● Example configuration ● Q & A 2
- 4. www.glcnetworks.com What is GLC? ● Garda Lintas Cakrawala (www.glcnetworks.com) ● Based in Bandung, Indonesia ● Areas: Training, IT Consulting ● Certified partner for: Mikrotik, Ubiquity, Linux foundation ● Product: GLC radius manager ● Regular event 4
- 5. www.glcnetworks.com Trainer Introduction ● Name: Achmad Mardiansyah ● Base: bandung, Indonesia ● Linux user since 1999, mikrotik user since 2007, UBNT 2011 ● Mikrotik Certified Trainer (MTCNA/RE/WE/UME/INE/TCE/IPv6) ● Mikrotik/Linux Certified Consultant ● Website contributor: achmadjournal.com, mikrotik.tips, asysadmin.tips ● More info: http://au.linkedin.com/in/achmadmardiansyah 5
- 6. www.glcnetworks.com Past experience 6 ● 2021 (Congo DRC, Malaysia): network support, radius/billing integration ● 2020 (Congo DRC, Malaysia): IOT integration, network automation ● 2019, Congo (DRC): build a wireless ISP from ground-up ● 2018, Malaysia: network revamp, develop billing solution and integration, setup dynamic routing ● 2017, Libya (north africa): remote wireless migration for a new Wireless ISP ● 2016, United Kingdom: workshop for wireless ISP, migrating a bridged to routed network
- 7. www.glcnetworks.com About GLC webinar? ● First webinar: january 1, 2010 (title: tahun baru bersama solaris - new year with solaris OS) ● As a sharing event with various topics: linux, networking, wireless, database, programming, etc ● Regular schedule ● Irregular schedule: as needed ● Checking schedule: http://www.glcnetworks.com/schedule ● You are invited to be a presenter ○ No need to be an expert ○ This is a forum for sharing: knowledge, experiences, information 7
- 8. www.glcnetworks.com Please introduce yourself ● Your name ● Your company/university? ● Your networking experience? ● Your general experience? ● Your expectation from this course? 8
- 9. www.glcnetworks.com Prerequisite ● This presentation some prerequisite knowledge ● We assume you already know: ○ Mikrotik RouterOS ○ Virtualisation ○ 9
- 11. www.glcnetworks.com Its all started from these… (early days of telecommunications) ● Sound can travel over media (thread / wire) ● Sound can travel through electricity ● Speaker and microphone were invented ● Mesh connection? Not an option 11
- 12. www.glcnetworks.com We need a hub for communication ● Aka. central office (CO) / telephone exchange ● Run by human operators ● No dialpad at end-user phone, customer need to tell their destination number ● CO Functions: ○ Switching: connecting 1 customer to other customer ○ Signalling (in-band): ■ Ringing ■ Routing (source to destination) 12
- 13. www.glcnetworks.com Modern exchange (mechanical switching) ● No human operator, phone has dialpad (rotary/dtmf) ● Automatic switching (mechanical) ● Automatic signalling (in-band signalling) ● Data is still analog ● CO Functions: ○ Switching: connecting 1 customer to other customer ○ Signalling (in-band): ■ Ringing ■ Routing (source to destination) 13
- 14. www.glcnetworks.com Digital exchange ● No human operator, phone has dialpad (rotary/dtmf) ● Automatic switching (electrical circuit / integrated chip) ● Automatic signalling (in-band) ● All processing digital data (Integrated Service Digital network - ISDN) ● Using channel associated signalling (CAS) ● CO Functions: ○ Switching: connecting 1 customer to other customer ○ Signalling (in-band): ■ Ringing ■ Routing (source to destination) 14
- 15. www.glcnetworks.com Common channel signalling (CCS) ● We need to separate signalling and data (voice) → off-band signalling, CCS, version 7 → CCS7 → SS7 ● Benefits: ○ Utilize voice link (money) ○ Can create more services (money): ■ Hunting ■ SMS ■ Toll-free ■ Service number ■ Etc. you name it 15
- 16. www.glcnetworks.com SS7 architecture components: ● Service Control Points/SCP. integrated databases and computers ● MTP (Message Transfer Part). which refers to data circuit ● STP (Signal Transfer Points). Similar to switch ● ISUP (ISDN User Part) 16
- 18. www.glcnetworks.com 7 OSI layer & protocol 18 ● OSI layer Is a conceptual model from ISO (International Standard Organization) for project OSI (Open System Interconnection) ● When you send a message with a courier, you need to add more info to get your message arrived at the destination (This process is called encapsulation) ● What is protocol ○ Is a set of rules for communication ○ Available on each layer ● Communication consist of series encapsulation ○ SDU: service data unit (before PDU) ○ PDU: protocol data unit (after header is added)
- 19. www.glcnetworks.com Layered model (TCP/IP vs ISO) and encapsulation 19 / datagram
- 20. www.glcnetworks.com Layer 4 header (which one is TCP?) 20
- 21. www.glcnetworks.com Layer 3 header (which one is IPv4?) 21
- 22. www.glcnetworks.com Ethernet header (which is the MTU?) 22
- 24. www.glcnetworks.com Did you notice? ● There is a big overhead on encapsulation process ● More encapsulation means less payload? 24
- 27. www.glcnetworks.com Layers in traditional communication 27 Source: APNIC
- 28. www.glcnetworks.com Layers in internet communication 28 Source: APNIC
- 29. www.glcnetworks.com We need standards ● Standards operate at different levels of the network “stack” ○ in fact they define the stack ● A standard (or protocol) is simply an agreement ○ among members of a community, ○ on a set of guidelines or rules, ○ which allow cooperation (interoperability), ○ sometimes, in a forum such as ISO, ITU, W3C or IETF. ● An open standard is a standard which is ○ Developed through open and accessible processes ○ Freely accessible, implementable and usable ○ Available without barriers such as licenses and fees. ○ ... “ideally”, at least. 29 Source: APNIC
- 32. www.glcnetworks.com preparation ● SSH client ● SSH parameters ○ SSH address ○ SSH port ○ SSH username ○ SSH password 32
- 34. www.glcnetworks.com Interested? Just come to our training... ● Topics are arranged in systematic and logical way ● You will learn from experienced teacher ● Not only learn the materials, but also sharing experiences, best-practices, and networking 34
- 35. www.glcnetworks.com End of slides ● Thank you for your attention ● Please submit your feedback: http://bit.ly/glcfeedback ● Find our further event on our website : https://www.glcnetworks.com/en/ ● Like our facebook page: https://www.facebook.com/glcnetworks ● Slide: https://www.slideshare.net/glcnetworks/ ● Discord (bahasa indonesia): (https://discord.gg/6MZ3KUHHBX) ● Recording (youtube): https://www.youtube.com/c/GLCNetworks ● Stay tune with our schedule ● Any questions? 35