Webinar topic: Telecommunication Evolution Presenter: Achmad Mardiansyah, Jemy Susanto In this webinar series, Telecommunication Evolution Please share your feedback or webinar ideas here: http://bit.ly/glcfeedback Check our schedule for future events: https://www.glcnetworks.com/en/schedule/ Follow our social media for updates: Facebook, Instagram, YouTube Channel, and telegram also discord Recording available on Youtube https://youtu.be/nNa85tjfR_o

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Telecommunication
Evolution
GLC webinar, 26 Oct 2021
Achmad Mardiansyah
achmad@glcnetworks.com
GLC Networks, Indonesia
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Source: www.mikundan.com

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Agenda
● Introduction
● Review prerequisite knowledge
● Telco topology
● Telco nodes and functions
● Telco evolution
● Q & A
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introduction
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What is GLC?
● Garda Lintas Cakrawala (www.glcnetworks.com)
● Based in Bandung, Indonesia
● Areas: Training, IT Consulting
● Certified partner for: Mikrotik, Ubiquity, Linux foundation
● Product: GLC radius manager
● Regular event
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Trainer Introduction
● Name: Achmad Mardiansyah
● Base: bandung, Indonesia
● Linux user since 1999, mikrotik user since 2007, UBNT
2011
● Mikrotik Certified Trainer
(MTCNA/RE/WE/UME/INE/TCE/IPv6)
● Mikrotik/Linux Certified Consultant
● Website contributor: achmadjournal.com, mikrotik.tips,
asysadmin.tips
● More info:
http://au.linkedin.com/in/achmadmardiansyah
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Past experience
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● 2021 (Congo DRC, Malaysia): network support,
radius/billing integration
● 2020 (Congo DRC, Malaysia): IOT integration,
network automation
● 2019, Congo (DRC): build a wireless ISP from
ground-up
● 2018, Malaysia: network revamp, develop billing
solution and integration, setup dynamic routing
● 2017, Libya (north africa): remote wireless migration
for a new Wireless ISP
● 2016, United Kingdom: workshop for wireless ISP,
migrating a bridged to routed network

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About GLC webinar?
● First webinar: january 1, 2010 (title:
tahun baru bersama solaris - new year
with solaris OS)
● As a sharing event with various topics:
linux, networking, wireless, database,
programming, etc
● Regular schedule
● Irregular schedule: as needed
● Checking schedule:
http://www.glcnetworks.com/schedule
● You are invited to be a presenter
○ No need to be an expert
○ This is a forum for sharing: knowledge,
experiences, information
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Please introduce yourself
● Your name
● Your company/university?
● Your networking experience?
● Your general experience?
● Your expectation from this course?
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Prerequisite
● This presentation some prerequisite knowledge
● We assume you already know:
○ Telecommunication in general
○ Signal
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Review prerequisite knowledge
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Its all started from these… (early days of
telecommunications)
● Sound can travel over media (thread / wire)
● Sound can travel through electricity
● Speaker and microphone were invented
● Mesh connection? Not an option
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We need a hub for communication
● Aka. central office (CO) / telephone exchange
● Run by human operators
● No dialpad at end-user phone, customer need to
tell their destination number
● Aka. PSTN (Public Switch Telephone Network)
● CO Functions:
○ Switching: connecting 1 customer to other customer
○ Signalling (in-band):
■ Ringing
■ Routing (source to destination)
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Modern exchange (mechanical switching)
● No human operator, phone has dialpad (rotary/dtmf)
● Automatic switching (mechanical)
● Automatic signalling (in-band signalling)
● Data (voice) is still analog
● CO Functions:
○ Switching: connecting 1 customer to other customer
○ Signalling (in-band):
■ Ringing
■ Routing (source to destination)
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Modern exchange (digital switching)
● No human operator, phone has dialpad (rotary/dtmf)
● Automatic switching (electrical circuit / integrated chip)
● Automatic signalling (in-band)
● All processing digital data (Integrated Service Digital
network - ISDN)
● Using channel associated signalling (CAS)
● CO Functions:
○ Switching: connecting 1 customer to other customer
○ Signalling (in-band):
■ Ringing
■ Routing (source to destination)
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Common channel signalling (CCS)
● We need to separate signalling and data (voice) →
off-band signalling, CCS, version 7 → CCS7 → SS7
● Benefits:
○ Utilize voice link (money)
○ Can create more services (money):
■ Hunting
■ SMS
■ Toll-free
■ Service number
■ Etc. you name it
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SS7 architecture
components:
● Service Control Points/SCP.
integrated databases and
computers
● MTP (Message Transfer Part).
which refers to data circuit
● STP (Signal Transfer Points).
Similar to switch
● ISUP (ISDN User Part)
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Telecommunication topology
● Star topology
● Nodes:
○ Customer Premise Equipment (CPE)
○ Central Office (CO)
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Telecommunication services
● Initially run by monopoly → which will be divest
● Service:
○ Voice communication
○ Data communication
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Mobile communications
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Mobile communication (1G)
● 1980s
● FDMA (frequency division multiple access)
● Analog signal (MS to tower)
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Mobile communication (2G)
● 1990s
● TDMA (time division multiple
access)
● Frequency reuse
● Digital signal (MS to tower)
● Nodes:
○ BTS
○ BSC
○ MSC
○ HLR
○ VLR
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Mobile communication (2.5 G)
Additional improvement
● New modulation → higher speed
● Ability to connect to datanetwork (packet switch) -> GPRS
● GPRS (general Packet Radio Service)
○ SGSN (serving GPRS support node)
○ GGSN (gateway GPRS support node)
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GSM nodes and interfaces
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Mobile communication (3 G)
● New modulation -> higher speed
● Implementation: UMTS / CDMA2000
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LIVE practice
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preparation
● SSH client
● SSH parameters
○ SSH address
○ SSH port
○ SSH username
○ SSH password
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Q & A
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Interested? Just come to our training...
● Topics are arranged in systematic and logical way
● You will learn from experienced teacher
● Not only learn the materials, but also sharing experiences, best-practices, and
networking
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End of slides
● Thank you for your attention
● Please submit your feedback: http://bit.ly/glcfeedback
● Find our further event on our website : https://www.glcnetworks.com/en/
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● Recording (youtube): https://www.youtube.com/c/GLCNetworks
● Stay tune with our schedule
● Any questions?
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