This document provides an overview of biology and its branches. It discusses key developments in the history of biology, including early studies of plants and animals, cell theory, evolution, and DNA structure. Important Filipino scientists who contributed to fields like entomology, botany, marine biology, horticulture, and pediatrics are also mentioned. Basic parts of the compound microscope are defined, such as the eyepiece, objective lenses, stage, and condenser lens.
Intellectual Revolutions that Defined Society.pptxCamilaSoriano6
The term "Intellectual Revolution" is used to refer to Greek speculation about the "nature" in the period before Socrates (roughly 600 to 400 BCE). Hence, the alternative, technical terms are "pre-Socratic" "non-theological" or "first philosophy".
Intellectual Revolutions that Defined Society.pptxCamilaSoriano6
The term "Intellectual Revolution" is used to refer to Greek speculation about the "nature" in the period before Socrates (roughly 600 to 400 BCE). Hence, the alternative, technical terms are "pre-Socratic" "non-theological" or "first philosophy".
This is the first chapter of the course Readings in Philippine History as per the course guide from Commission on Higher Education.
Course sub-topics:
1. Meaning and Relevance of History
2. Distinction of Primary and Secondary source; External and Internal Criticism
Science, Technology and Society (STS) is an interdisciplinary field that studies the conditions under which the production, distribution and utilization of scientific knowledge and technological systems occur; the consequences of these activities upon different groups of people.
Science and technology studies, or science, technology and society studies (STS) is the study of how society, politics, and culture affect scientific research and technological innovation, and how these, in turn, affect society, politics and culture.
Science Technology and Society Chapter III Lesson 1. This PPT includes complete information about the timeline of information age. Various informations including images were included to further illustrate the timeline or history of information age.
This is the first chapter of the course Readings in Philippine History as per the course guide from Commission on Higher Education.
Course sub-topics:
1. Meaning and Relevance of History
2. Distinction of Primary and Secondary source; External and Internal Criticism
Science, Technology and Society (STS) is an interdisciplinary field that studies the conditions under which the production, distribution and utilization of scientific knowledge and technological systems occur; the consequences of these activities upon different groups of people.
Science and technology studies, or science, technology and society studies (STS) is the study of how society, politics, and culture affect scientific research and technological innovation, and how these, in turn, affect society, politics and culture.
Science Technology and Society Chapter III Lesson 1. This PPT includes complete information about the timeline of information age. Various informations including images were included to further illustrate the timeline or history of information age.
Cell theory states that living things are composed of one or more cells, that the cell is the basic unit of life, and that cells arise from existing cells.
The cell theory describes the basic properties of all cells.
The three scientists that contributed to the development of cell theory are Matthias Schleiden, Theodor Schwann, and Rudolf Virchow.
A component of the cell theory is that all living things are composed of one or more cells.
A component of the cell theory is that the cell is the basic unit of life.
A component of the cell theory is that all new cells arise from existing cells.
Embracing GenAI - A Strategic ImperativePeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
Biological screening of herbal drugs: Introduction and Need for
Phyto-Pharmacological Screening, New Strategies for evaluating
Natural Products, In vitro evaluation techniques for Antioxidants, Antimicrobial and Anticancer drugs. In vivo evaluation techniques
for Anti-inflammatory, Antiulcer, Anticancer, Wound healing, Antidiabetic, Hepatoprotective, Cardio protective, Diuretics and
Antifertility, Toxicity studies as per OECD guidelines
Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdfThiyagu K
This slides describes the basic concepts of ICT, basics of Email, Emerging Technology and Digital Initiatives in Education. This presentations aligns with the UGC Paper I syllabus.
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
Welcome to TechSoup New Member Orientation and Q&A (May 2024).pdfTechSoup
In this webinar you will learn how your organization can access TechSoup's wide variety of product discount and donation programs. From hardware to software, we'll give you a tour of the tools available to help your nonprofit with productivity, collaboration, financial management, donor tracking, security, and more.
Instructions for Submissions thorugh G- Classroom.pptxJheel Barad
This presentation provides a briefing on how to upload submissions and documents in Google Classroom. It was prepared as part of an orientation for new Sainik School in-service teacher trainees. As a training officer, my goal is to ensure that you are comfortable and proficient with this essential tool for managing assignments and fostering student engagement.
2. Biology as a Science
Branches of Biology
Week 1-2
Modern Biology and tools
Theories on the Origin of Life
Characteristics of Living Things
PRELIMS
Week 3-4
Prelim Exam
Chemical Basis of Life
Histological Background
Morphology and Physiology of the Cell
Week 5-6
Cellular Energy
Cellular Division
Darwin’s Theory on Natural Selection
Pieces of Evidence that Evolution Occurs in Nature
MIDTERMS
Week 7
Week 8
Midterm Exam
3. Modern Theory of Evolution
Evolution of Man Week 9-10
Binomial System of Naming Organism
Taxonomic Categories
Kingdoms of Organisms
SEMI-FINALS
Week 11-12
Semi-Final Exam
Bacteria, Viruses, Protozoa and Fungi
Plant Structure
Vegetative Structure and Function (Roots, Stem and Leaves)
Reproductive Structure and Function (Seed, Fruit and Flower)
Week 13-14
Week 15-16
Animal Tissues
Integumentary System: Body Covering and Protection
Skeletal System: Bodily Framework
Muscular System: Movement and Locomotion
Digestive System: Nutrition
Circulatory System: Transport System
Respiratory System
Excretory System
Endocrine System & Nervous System
Reproduction and Development
FINAL EXAM
Week 16-18
Final Exam
4. Biological Sciences
• Biological sciences encompasses all the
divisions of natural sciences examining various
aspects of vital processes. The concept
includes anatomy, physiology, cell biology,
biochemistry and biophysics, and covers all
organisms from microorganisms, animals to
plants.
5. Biology
• Biology is the science of life. Its name is
derived from the Greek words "bios" (life) and
"logos" (study).
• Biologists study the structure, function,
growth, origin, evolution and distribution of
living organisms.
6. • Biochemistry: the study of the material substances that
make up living things
• Botany: the study of plants, including agriculture
• Cellular biology: the study of the basic cellular units of
living things
• Ecology: the study of how organisms interact with their
environment
• Evolutionary biology: the study of the origins and
changes in the diversity of life over time
• Genetics: the study of heredity
• Molecular biology: the study of biological molecules
• Physiology: the study of the functions of organisms and
their parts
• Zoology: the study of animals, including animal
behavior
7. History of Biology
• Early humans had to study the animals they hunted
and know where to find the plants they gathered for
food.
• The invention of agriculture was the first great
advance of human civilization.
8. • Medicine has been important to us from
earliest history as well. The earliest known
medical texts are from China (2500 B.C.),
Mesopotamia (2112 B.C.), and Egypt (1800
B.C.).
9. • In classical times, Aristotle is often considered to
be the first to practice scientific zoology. He is
known to have performed extensive studies of
marine life and plants.
• The Roman physician Galen used his experience
in patching up gladiators for the arena to write
texts on surgical procedures in A.D. 158.
• Galen contributed a substantial amount to the
Hippocratic understanding of pathology. Under
Hippocrates' bodily humors theory, differences in
human moods come as a consequence of
imbalances in one of the four bodily fluids: blood,
yellow bile, black bile, and phlegm.
10.
11. • During the Renaissance, Leonardo da Vinci risked
censure by participating in human dissection and
making detailed anatomical drawings.
12. • Anton van Leeuwenhoek was a Dutch
tradesman and scientist, best known for his
work on the development and improvement
of the microscope and also for his subsequent
contribution towards the study of
microbiology.
• In 1665, Robert Hooke, used a simple
compound microscope to examine a thin sliver
of cork. He observed that the plant tissue
consisted of rectangular units that reminded
him of the tiny rooms used by monks. He
called these units "cells."
13.
14.
15.
16. • Theodore Schwann added the information
that animal tissue is also composed of cells in
1839.
• In 1838, Matthias Schleiden, a German
botanist, concluded that all plant tissues are
composed of cells and that
an embryonic plant arose from a single cell.
He declared that the cell is the basic building
block of all plant matter.
17.
18. • On Nov. 24, 1859, Charles Darwin published "On the
Origin of Species," the text that forever changed the
world by showing that all living things are interrelated
and that species were not separately created but arise
from ancestral forms that are changed and shaped by
adaptation to their environment.
19.
20. • At King’s College London, Rosalind Franklin
obtained images of DNA using X-ray
crystallography, an idea first broached by Maurice
Wilkins. Franklin’s images allowed James Watson
and Francis Crick to create their famous two-
strand, or double-helix, model.
21. Filipino Scientists
• Adelina Adato Barrion (September
9, 1951 – July 10, 2010) was a
Filipino entomologist and geneticist
whose extensive contribution to the
study of Philippine spiders earned
her the moniker "Asia's Spider
Woman,” although she also
contributed significantly to the
study of other species, and to the
study of genetics in general.
22. • Filipino botanist, Eduardo
Quisumbing was a noted
expert in the medicinal plants
of the Philippines. He was
author of more than 129
scientific articles. many on
orchids. Eduardo Quisumbing
served as the Director of the
National Museum of the
Philippines, where he rebuilt
the Herbarium. The plant
"saccolabium quisumbingii" is
named in honor of Eduardo
Quisumbing.
23. • Angel C. Alcala is a Filipino biologist who was
named a National Scientist of the Philippines
in 2014. He had created the artificial coral
reefs that help a lot to the Philippines' aquatic
ecosystem.
24. • Ramon Cabanos Barba is a
Filipino inventor and
horticulturist best known
for inventing a way to
induce more flowers in
mango trees using ethrel
and potassium nitrate.
Barba was proclaimed a
National Scientist of the
Philippines in June 2014.
• National Scientist RAMON
C. BARBA
on The Discovery of the
Mango Flower Induction
Technology and the
Research Process.
25.
26. • Dr. Lilian F. Patena
develops tissue culture
for garlic.
27. • Fe Villanueva del Mundo, was a Filipino
pediatrician. The first woman admitted as a
student of the Harvard Medical School, she
founded the first pediatric hospital in the
Philippines.
– credited with studies that lead to the invention of an
improved incubator and a jaundice-relieving device
28.
29.
30. • The compound microscope has two systems of lenses for greater magnification, 1) the
ocular, or eyepiece lens that one looks into and 2) the objective lens, or the lens
closest to the object.
• Basic parts of the microscope:
Eyepiece Lens: the lens at the top that you look through.
Tube: Connects the eyepiece to the objective lenses
Arm: Supports the tube and connects it to the base
Base: The bottom of the microscope, used for support
Illuminator: A steady light source used in place of a mirror. If your microscope has a
mirror, it is used to reflect light from an external light source up through the bottom of
the stage.
Stage: The flat platform where you place your slides. Stage clips hold the slides in
place. If your microscope has a mechanical stage, you will be able to move the slide
around by turning two knobs. One moves it left and right, the other moves it up and
down.
Revolving Nosepiece or Turret: This is the part that holds two or more objective
lenses and can be rotated to easily change power.
Objective Lenses: Usually you will find 3 or 4 objective lenses on a microscope.
Rack Stop: This is an adjustment that determines how close the objective lens can
get to the slide.
Condenser Lens: The purpose of the condenser lens is to focus the light onto the
specimen.
Diaphragm or Iris: Many microscopes have a rotating disk under the stage.
