1. Grammar Book
Jacobo Thompson

2. Table of Contents
• 1.Nationalities • 9.Reflexives
• 2.Stem changing • 10.Affirmative tú
• 3.Para commands/irregulars/p
• 4.Indirect Object ronoun placement
Pronouns • 11.Negative tú
• 5.Pronoun placement commands/irregulars/p
ronoun placemnet
• 6.Gustar • 12.Sequencing Events
• 7.Affirmative and
Negative words
• 8.Superlatives

4. Pensar E>ie Pedir E>i
Yo Nosotros Yo Nosotros
Pienso pensamos pido pedimos
Tú Vosotros Tú Vosotros
piensas pensaís pides pedís
el, ella, Ellos, ellas, El, ella, Ellos, ellas,
usted ustedes usted ustedes
piensa piensan pide piden
Stem Changing
Jugar U>ue
Dormir O>ue
Yo Nosotros Yo Nosotros
juego jugamos duermo dormimos
Tú Vosotros Tú Vosotros
juegas jugaís duermes dormís
El, ella, usted Ellos, ellas,
El, ella, Ellos, ellas,
juega ustedes
usted ustedes
juegan
duerme duermen

5. Para
Para is used in Spanish as “for” is
used in English.
Ex: Yo cocino enchiladas de queso
para la cena.

6. Indirect Object Pronouns
Indirect Objects are nouns that tell to whom/what or for
whom/what.
Indirect Objects replace or accompany indirect objects.
Singular Plural
Me Nos
Me Us
Te Os
You(familiar) You(familiar)
Le Les
You(familiar), You, then
him, her

7. Pronoun Placement
. Attach the pronoun to the infinitive
Attach the pronoun to a progressive tense
Attach the pronoun to an affirmative
Place a pronoun before a conjugated verb

8. A usted, él, ella
le gusta Gustar
A vosotros os
A ti te gusta
Gusta Singular:
gusta
Me gusta el boligrafo
Gusta antes de un
infinitive:
A nosotros nos
A mi me gusta
Me gusta hablar
gusta
español
A ustedes,
ellos, ellas les
gusta Gustan antes de un
substantivo plural:
Me gustan los
boligrafos

9. Affirmative and Negative Words
• You use Affirmative and negative words when
you want to talk about an indefinite or
negative situation
• Algo
Affirmative • Alguien
• Algun/Alguno
Words • Siempre
• Tambien
• Nada
Negative • Nadie
• Ninguin/ninguno
Words • Nunca
• Tampoco

10. Los Superlativos
• “Isimo, isimos, isima, isimas” are suffixes, and
are added to adjectives and adverb
Adj and adv ending
in C, G, Z change
-Are equivalent to spelling to Adj that end in N
extremely or very qu, gu, and c or R, form by
before an adjective or respectively. adding cisimo/a
adverb Rico-Riquisimo Joven-
malo-malisimo Larga-larguisima jovencisimo
muchas-muschímas Trabajador-
Trabadorcisimo

11. Reflexives
Reflect back to yourself.
In the reflexive form, the subject is also the object.
The person does as well as receives the action.
EX: Yo me levanto a las ocho de la manana.
Position of Reflexive
In front of a conjugated verb.
Attached to a gerand.
3. Attached to an infinitive.
4. Attached to an affirmative command.

12. Affirmative Tu commands/Irregulars/Pronoun
Placement
• For tu commands, all you have to do is simply
drop the “s”.
• Examples:
Me Nos
– Eat! ¡Come!
Te Os
– Speak! ¡Habla!
Lo, la Los, las
– Live! ¡Vive!
• Direct object pronouns may also
be used to take the place of a
noun.
•Example:
•Eat it! ¡Comelo!

13. Affirmative Irregulars
Haz Pon
Ve
Di
Se Ven
Sal Ten

14. Negative Tu commands/Irregulars/Pronoun
Placement
• Negative commands occur when one is
directing another to not do something.
• 3 steps:
– Change the verb to to “yo” form.
– Change the ending to the opposite vowel. (are;
er/ira)
– Add an “s”.
Example: Do not eat. No comer. No como. No
coma. No comas.

15. Negative Irregulars
Ir/ No Hacer/
Dar/ vagas No
No Ser/
No Hagas
Digas
seas
Estar/ Tener/
No Saber/ No Venir/
Estes No Tengas No
sepas vengas

16. Sequencing Events
Luego/ Por la
Antes de/
Primero Entoces manana/tarde
despues despues de
/noches
• First • Then • Then/ After • After • Good
morning/afte
rnoon/night