Muscles of Anterior compartment of thigh

1. Anterior & medial
compartment of thigh
Dr Rajiv Ranjan
RIMS, Ranchi

2. Incision lines

3. Superficial inguinal lymph
node
• ~20 nodes
• arranged in an irregular T-shaped pattern
• 3 groups
• vertical group
• Supero-lateral group
• Supero-medial group
• Efferent lymphatics converge towards
saphenous opening and pass through the
cribriform fascia to enter the deep inguinal
nodes

4. Superficial & Deep
inguinal lymph nodes

5. Remove fascia lata
accordingly
Note subcutaneous structures

6. Tensor fascia lata
& iliotibial tract

7. Thigh
Muscle compartment
&
IM septa

8. Muscular compartments
• 3 functional muscle compartments
Anterior (extensor),
Posterior (flexor) and
Medial (adductor)
• Anterior and posterior are true osteofascial compartments
• Nerve supply 'one compartment-one nerve' principle
Femoral nerve - anterior compartment
Obturator nerve - medial compartment
Sciatic nerve - posterior compartment

9. Anterior compartment
• The contents of the Anterior compartment of the thigh
• • Muscles: these comprise the hip flexors & Knee Extensors
Sartorius, Quadriceps femoris, iliopsoas & articularis genu
• Arteries: femoral artery
• Veins: femoral vein
• Nerves: femoral nerve

10. Identify sartorius &
Quadriceps femoris
Note
 Quadriceps ( patellar) tendon
 Patellar ligament

11. Note femoral triangle
Identify Boundaries

12. Sartorius
Tailor’s muscle
O – ASIS
I – as pes anserinus
N – femoral N
A – flexor of hip & knee
Longest

13. pes anserinus

14. Action of sartorius

15. Rectus femoris
Origin :
Straight head - AIIS
Reflected head – groove above acetabulum &
capsule of hip jt.
Insertion : tibial tuberosity via patellar lig.

16. Origin &
Insertion

17. Action
Hip flexor Knee extensor

18. Vastus lateralis
(largest)
Origin : upper part of the intertrochanteric line, the
anterior and inferior borders of the greater trochanter,
the lateral lip of the gluteal tuberosity, and the
proximal half of the lateral lip of the linea aspera
Insertion : tibial tuberosity via patellar lig.
Site of im injection in children

19. Vastus medialis
Origin : lower part of the intertrochanteric line, spiral
line, medial lip of the linea aspera, proximal part of
the medial supracondylar line
Insertion : tibial tuberosity via patellar lig.

20. Vastus intermedius
Origin : anterior and lateral surfaces of the
upper 2/3rd of the femoral shaft
Insertion : tibial tuberosity via patellar lig.

21. Quadriceps femoris
Action :
 Powerful extensors of the knee
 Flexor of hip  R. Femoris
 Patellar stabilization

22. Iliopsoas?
O –
Psoas - lateral surfaces of the vertebral
bodies of T12-L5
Iliacus - iliac fossa
I – lesser trochanter of femur
N – iliacus – femoral N, psoas – L1,L2
A – Flexion @ hip jt.

23. Articularis genu
O – anterior surface of the lower
part of femoral shaft
I – proximal reflection of the
synovial membrane of the knee joint

24. Patellar tendon & Patellar ligament
Arises from apex and edges of patella
Insert on tibial tuberosity
Med. & Lat. Patellar retinacula
Patellar tendinitis (jumper's knee)
Patellar tendon rupture

25. Note femoral triangle
Boundaries
 Laterally - medial margin of sartorius
 Medially - medial margin of adductor longus
 Apex – distal overlap of both
 Base - inguinal ligament
 Floor – iliopsoas, pectineus, Add. longus
 Roof – fascia lata

26. Femoral triangle
Contents
Femoral V & A
Femoral N
Deep inguinal lymph node

27. Femoral Triangle
Contents

28. Mid-inguinal point & midpoint of inguinal ligament

29. Pubic crest

31. Femoral sheath
 Extraperitoneal fascia derived from fascia
transversalis in front and the psoas fascia
behind
 Covers femoral vessels an inch below the
inguinal lig.
 Femoral N lie laterally & outside the sheath
 Medialmost compartment femoral canal
 femoral br. genitofemoral N pierces its ant.
wall

32. Femoral ring & hernia
Boundaries
Anteriorly – medial part of the inguinal
ligament,
Medially – crescentic edge of the lacunar
ligament
Posteriorly – pectineal ligament and
pectineus
Laterally – femoral vein
Femoral hernia more common in females

33. FEMORAL TRIANGLE &
ADDUCTOR CANAL

34. FEMORAL TRIANGLE &
ADDUCTOR CANAL