Muscle dystrophy
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Muscular dystrophy is a group of genetic disorders characterized by a progressive loss of muscle mass and strength. The most common form is Duchenne muscular dystrophy, which affects young boys and causes muscle weakness, difficulty walking, and breathing and cardiac problems. There is currently no cure for muscular dystrophy, but symptoms can be improved and progression slowed through treatments, while researchers are testing gene therapy as a potential cure.
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Physical disabilities can be organized into neuromotor impairments and musculoskeletal conditions. Neuromotor impairments include cerebral palsy, multiple sclerosis, muscular dystrophy, polio, and seizure disorders. Musculoskeletal conditions include juvenile arthritis, limb deficiencies, and skeletal disorders. Accommodations to help students with physical disabilities include adapting the physical environment, allowing alternative response modes, modifying materials and equipment, and providing extra assistance. Barriers to accessing education can be reduced by determining where barriers exist and assessing and redesigning the classroom layout.
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This document discusses physical disabilities, their causes, types, and treatments. There are two major categories of physical disability: musculo-skeletal, involving muscular or bone issues; and neuro-muscular, involving the nervous system. Specific conditions described include loss of limbs, cerebral palsy, polio, and spinal cord injuries. Treatments aim to improve function through rehabilitation programs like occupational therapy, physiotherapy, and speech therapy. The goal is to help people with physical disabilities live as independently as possible.
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Physical disabilities can be organized into neuromotor impairments and musculoskeletal conditions. Neuromotor impairments include cerebral palsy, multiple sclerosis, muscular dystrophy, polio, and seizure disorders. Musculoskeletal conditions include juvenile arthritis, limb deficiencies, and skeletal disorders. Accommodations to help students with physical disabilities include adapting the physical environment, allowing alternative response modes, modifying materials and equipment, and providing extra assistance. Barriers to accessing education can be reduced by determining where barriers exist and assessing and redesigning the classroom layout.
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This document discusses physical disabilities and health problems that may impact children's development and participation in early childhood programs. It describes several common physical disabilities like cerebral palsy and muscular dystrophy that can cause limited mobility or motor control issues. It also outlines various health conditions such as asthma, cystic fibrosis, diabetes and seizures that early childhood programs may need to accommodate. The document emphasizes the importance of an interdisciplinary team approach using specialized equipment and adapted materials to meet the needs of children with disabilities or health issues.
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Hello,
I am delighted to have the chance to introduce myself to you. My name is Najma AbdiKani, and I am currently pursuing my studies as a nurse student at EAU University. Thank you for taking the time to consider this introduction.
Best regards,
Najma AbdiKani
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This document discusses physical disabilities. It defines physical disability as a limitation on physical functioning, mobility or dexterity. There are three main causes of physical disability: prenatal issues during fetal development, birth-related issues, and postnatal issues or accidents. Some common types of physical disabilities discussed include paraplegia, quadriplegia, hemiplegia, multiple sclerosis, cerebral palsy, limb differences, muscular dystrophies, and polio. The document concludes that physical disability is not a choice and should not be used to discriminate; rather, efforts should be made to empower those with disabilities.
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Physical and neurological impairments can affect mobility and motor skills. Physical disabilities involve conditions that impair the skeletal, muscular or neurological systems. They may cause limited energy, poor coordination and concentration. Orthopedic impairments affect the bones, joints and muscles. Causes include genetic disorders, birth defects, illnesses and accidents. Neurological impairments involve damage to the nervous system, restricting movement, feeling or control. Cerebral palsy and traumatic brain injuries are examples, potentially causing paralysis, weakness or seizures. Spina bifida is a birth defect where the spine does not fully close, potentially damaging the spinal cord. Educational accommodations for those with physical or neurological impairments may include accessibility modifications, assistive technologies, mobility aids
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This document discusses physical disabilities and health problems that may impact children's development and participation in early childhood programs. It describes several common physical disabilities like cerebral palsy and muscular dystrophy that can cause limited mobility or motor control issues. It also outlines various health conditions such as asthma, cystic fibrosis, diabetes and seizures that early childhood programs may need to accommodate. The document emphasizes the importance of an interdisciplinary team approach using specialized equipment and adapted materials to meet the needs of children with disabilities or health issues.
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This document discusses people with disabilities from several perspectives. It defines disability according to the WHO and UN as long-term physical, mental or sensory impairments that hinder full participation in society. Disabilities include physical, intellectual, psychiatric, visual and hearing impairments. The document also outlines services, problems faced, prevention efforts, relevant organizations and laws related to people with disabilities.
Ortho2
This document summarizes physical impairments and accommodations for students with physical disabilities. It defines orthopedic impairments and describes their prevalence. Various physical disabilities are organized into categories like neuromotor impairments and muscular and skeletal conditions. Accommodations to the learning environment that can help students with physical disabilities are described, such as adapting the physical space and materials. Barriers to access in the educational environment are discussed and how they can be reduced. Causes and preventions of physical disabilities are also outlined.
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The document discusses physical disabilities and impairments, noting that there is no direct link between intelligence and severity of physical limitations. It aims to alter environments so children with physical disabilities can function. Having a physical impairment alone does not require special education placement; environmental and functional demands determine handicaps. The document outlines categories of physical disabilities including orthopedic, neurological, musculoskeletal and other health impairments. It discusses assessing students' abilities and needs, curriculum considerations, educational programming and potential IEP goals for students with physical or health impairments.
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Disabilities can occur at any age and for various reasons, and are defined as impairments, limitations in activities, or restrictions in participation. Causes of disabilities include both prenatal factors like genetic disorders, infections, or environmental exposures during pregnancy, as well as perinatal and postnatal causes such as prematurity, injuries, or illnesses. Prevention strategies aim to identify risks early through preconception counseling, prenatal screening, and newborn screening in order to provide early treatment or rehabilitation interventions that can reduce disabilities.
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Physical disabilities that affect the body and interfere with educational performance are considered orthopedic impairments. Common causes include genetic abnormalities, diseases, injuries at birth or after. Three main types are neuromotor impairments of the nervous system, musculoskeletal disorders of bones and joints, and degenerative diseases that affect movement like muscular dystrophy. Students may have difficulties with motor skills, mobility, pain, and self-esteem that require accommodations and assistive technology to access education.
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The document provides definitions for 13 disability categories under the IDEA. It explains that the federal definitions guide how states define eligibility for special education services. It then lists and defines each disability category, including autism, deaf-blindness, deafness, emotional disturbance, hearing impairment, intellectual disability, multiple disabilities, orthopedic impairment, other health impairment, speech or language impairment, traumatic brain injury, visual impairment, and learning disabilities.
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This document discusses different types of physical disabilities and their causes. Physical disability refers to any limitation in physical functioning, movement, dexterity or stamina. Physical disabilities can be congenital or hereditary, caused by injury, infection or medical conditions. They include impairments affecting mobility like spinal cord injuries, muscular dystrophy or cerebral palsy, as well as sensory impairments causing blindness or hearing loss. The document categorizes physical disabilities into four broad groups - visual, hearing, motor and cognitive/learning disabilities - and discusses common conditions and adaptations for each group. It emphasizes that people with disabilities can live full and productive lives with support from their communities.
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This document discusses other health impairments (OHI) under the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act. OHI refers to limited strength, vitality or alertness that results from chronic health conditions like asthma, diabetes, epilepsy or heart conditions. These conditions can adversely impact educational performance. The document outlines characteristics of common OHIs, including frequent absences, inattentiveness and medication side effects. It provides details on specific conditions, symptoms and strategies teachers can use to support students, such as accommodations, assistive technology, caring environments and movement breaks. The goal is to modify the educational experience to help students with OHIs participate and feel included.
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This document discusses the management of developmentally disabled children. It begins with an introduction to developmental disabilities, including causes and prevalence. It then discusses societal attitudes towards disabilities over time, from primitive periods of neglect to modern integration. Common developmental disabilities like autism, intellectual disabilities, cerebral palsy, and Down syndrome are explained. The document outlines approaches to monitoring development, screening, diagnosis and adaptive testing. It provides guidance on managing specific disabilities during dental treatment, including allowing choices, relaxation, positive reinforcement and shorter appointments tailored to needs.
Multiple disability
This document provides information about multiple disabilities in children. It defines multiple disabilities as children having two or more disabling conditions that affect learning or life functions. The prevalence is estimated between 0.2 to 0.5 per 100 children. Causes include genetic, developmental, metabolic, prenatal/perinatal complications, accidents, and infections. Early assessment of areas like movement, vision/hearing, intelligence, and adaptive behavior is suggested. Characteristics include limited communication, difficulty with physical skills, forgetting skills over time, and needing support for activities. Suggested strategies include individualized learning, adaptive skills development, physical therapy, and alternative communication methods. A team-based approach is recommended. Effects can be developmentally devastating but addressed
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The document defines orthopedic impairment as any condition that interferes with a student's ability to use their body and affects their educational performance. Orthopedic impairments can be caused by congenital anomalies, diseases, or injuries and affect bones, joints, muscles and the nervous system. Common causes include cerebral palsy, spina bifida, muscular dystrophy and injuries. Students with orthopedic impairments may need accommodations like adapted seating, assistive technology, therapy, and an accessible classroom environment. The goal is to support their participation and independence through appropriate supports.
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Physical disabilities and health problems ch 7 2014fa
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Hello,
I am delighted to have the chance to introduce myself to you. My name is Najma AbdiKani, and I am currently pursuing my studies as a nurse student at EAU University. Thank you for taking the time to consider this introduction.
Best regards,
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Muscular dystrophy is a genetic disorder that causes muscles to weaken over time due to missing or defective genes preventing the body from producing necessary proteins. There are several types of muscular dystrophy affecting different muscle groups with varying degrees of severity. While there is no cure, treatment aims to preserve muscle and joint function and slow deterioration through therapies, braces, wheelchairs and respiratory support.
SPINAL MUSCULAR ATROPHY
This document discusses spinal muscular atrophy (SMA), including its causes, types, signs and symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment. SMA is caused by a mutation in the SMN1 gene that results in a lack of survival motor neuron protein and the degeneration of alpha motor neurons in the spinal cord. It is classified into five types based on age of onset and severity. There is currently no cure for SMA, but treatment focuses on managing symptoms through rehabilitation, assistive devices, ventilation support, and gene therapy research shows promise for slowing disease progression.
Multiple sclerosis
Multiple sclerosis is a progressive disease of the central nervous system where communication between the brain and body is disrupted. It is caused by damage to the protective myelin sheath covering the nerves, which can affect functions throughout the body. While MS was first diagnosed in the 19th century, there is no definitive test and diagnosis involves evaluating symptoms, medical history, and use of tests like MRI and evoked potentials to detect lesions in the brain and spinal cord. The disease typically appears between ages 20-40 and can range from mild to severe. There are several types but most common is relapsing-remitting MS where symptoms flare up and then decrease. Currently there is no cure but treatments can help manage symptoms and slow progression.
Multiple Sclerosis ppt
A wonderful and interesting presentation on Multiple Sclerosis! It includes videos, pictures and great insight into the possible cure for MS. I truly hope whoever downloads it enjoys it as much as I do. Blessings!
Muscular dystrophy
Muscular dystrophy (MD) is a genetic disease characterized by progressive muscle weakness and degeneration. There are over 30 types of MD that vary in age of onset, progression rate, and pattern of inheritance. The most common forms are Duchenne MD, which affects boys and leads to loss of mobility by age 20, and Becker's MD, which has a slower progression in males. Teachers can support students with MD by making accommodations, encouraging independence and peer interaction, and recommending counseling to help manage the physical and psychological impacts of the disease.
Cerebral palsy
Cerebral palsy (CP) is a physical impairment that affects movement and motor skills. It is caused by abnormalities in the developing brain, often before birth. Common causes include low birth weight, premature birth, infections, and lack of oxygen. CP affects areas like the cortex, basal ganglia, and cerebellum. It can cause spasticity, ataxia, or dyskinesia. Symptoms vary from mild to severe and may include issues with mobility, muscle tone, coordination, speech, and secondary effects like pain, fatigue, and depression. As people with CP age, secondary effects can worsen earlier than normal. Challenging behaviors are also common, especially for those with intellectual disabilities or
MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS
MS is a potentially disabling disease where the immune system attacks the myelin sheath surrounding nerve fibers in the brain and spinal cord, causing communication problems between the brain and body. Symptoms can include numbness, vision problems, pain, and problems with motor functions. While there is no cure, treatments focus on managing symptoms and reducing relapse severity. Diagnosis involves ruling out other conditions through neurological exams and tests like MRI and spinal taps. Treatment involves medications to modify the disease course, steroids for attacks, managing symptoms, rehabilitation, and emotional support. Insurance applications from those with MS may be declined or have loadings added for life cover and disability/critical illness products.
Cerebral palsy
1. Cerebral palsy is a motor dysfunction caused by damage to the brain's motor areas, resulting in problems with muscle control and movement.
2. The most common type is spastic cerebral palsy, which causes muscle stiffness. Other types include dyskinetic, ataxic, and mixed forms.
3. Risk factors include prematurity, low birth weight, genetic disorders, infections, and complications during birth. Treatment involves a multidisciplinary approach including physical therapy, medications, surgery, and rehabilitation.
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This document discusses hearing impairment and provides information on its characteristics, teaching techniques, and assistive technology. It notes that hearing impairment can cause speech and language delays, communication difficulties, selective hearing, and behavioral issues. It recommends teaching techniques like outlining presentations, repeating questions, speaking directly to students, and providing notes and transcripts. Finally, it outlines assistive technologies such as hearing aids, closed captioning, alerting devices, and recorders that can help hearing-impaired students access information.
Intellectual disability
Intellectual disability is characterized by an IQ of 70 or less and difficulties with complex information, logical thinking, following directions, and abstract thought. Teachers should break learning tasks into smaller steps, modify their teaching approach, use more visual aids, and provide direct feedback. Assistive technology can help with communication, environmental controls, mobility, education, and adapting sports and games by slowing them down or using low-to-high tech devices.
Physical disabilities
The document discusses physical disabilities and techniques for teaching students with physical disabilities. It describes characteristics of physical disabilities such as loss of limb, difficulties with motor skills, paralysis, and limited energy. It provides teaching techniques like giving extra time, using buddies, providing multiple copies of books, accepting late work, and allowing verbal answers. It also discusses assistive technologies including speech recognition software, screen readers, communication boards, mobility devices, and specialized furniture.
Learning disability presentation
Brain breaks, time extensions, printed notes, study guides, and note takers are teaching strategies that can help students by allowing stress release, reducing anxiety of failure, allowing students to process information, providing guidance on assignments, and enabling students to focus on listening rather than note taking. Assistive technologies like IPads, calculators, books on tape, reading trackers, and soundproof earphones further support students by electronically saving notes and recordings, keeping math problems organized, developing comprehension, helping students stay focused, and reducing distractions. Students with these challenges may exhibit behaviors of being unorganized, having difficulty staying on task, complaining about workload, refusing to do work, frequently moving around, and feeling insecure about concepts.
Supporting students with disabilities
The document provides guidance on teaching strategies and assistive technology for students with speech impairments. It recommends being patient, using picture boards, encouraging participation, asking students to repeat if necessary, and giving extra time. Assistive technology options include speech apps, communication boards, and voice output communication aids. Specific apps and tools discussed include Speech Buddies, Proloquo2Go, PODD communication books, Articulation Station, and VOCAs.
Visual impairment
This document provides guidance for teaching students with visual impairments. It recommends converting exam materials into accessible formats like Braille or large print. Students may need a reader to read questions aloud or a scribe to write answers. Seating a student with vision impairment in the front row or a corner seat near the instructor is advised. Providing electronic or colored paper handouts in advance allows extra preparation time. Assistive technologies that can help include enlarged text, magnifiers, video magnifiers, Braille materials, Braille labelers, and audio books. Characteristics of vision impairments may include physical signs, clumsiness, attention issues, eye-hand coordination difficulties, or poor academic performance.
Autism presentation
This document discusses characteristics of autism and teaching strategies for students with autism. Some key characteristics include lack of eye contact, difficulty with social cues and sarcasm. Teaching strategies include using a student's interests to motivate learning, keeping language simple and concrete, providing structure, and focusing on life skills. The document also lists some assistive technologies like picture books, headphones, and communication boards.
Traumatic Brain Injury
Moderate and severe traumatic brain injuries share symptoms of mild TBIs like seizures, slurred speech, loss of consciousness, numbness, poor coordination, strange behavior, and dilated pupils. Assistive technologies can help with traumatic brain injuries, including Braille readers, computer programs that read text aloud or have customized keyboards, motorized wheelchairs, devices controlled by breathing, and vision aids.
Speical Education Laws
The document discusses four key laws related to individuals with disabilities:
1) The Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) of 1975 provides federal funding for educational services for children ages 3-21 with 13 categories of disabilities. It requires free appropriate public education (FAPE) in the least restrictive environment (LRE) through individualized education programs (IEPs).
2) The Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) of 1990 is a civil rights law prohibiting discrimination against individuals with disabilities in public accommodations, employment, transportation, and telecommunications.
3) Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973 is also a civil rights law prohibiting discrimination against individuals with disabilities that limit major life activities
Mixed hearing
Mixed hearing loss is a combination of conductive and sensorineural hearing loss. Conductive hearing loss occurs when sound transmission is impaired through the outer or middle ear, while sensorineural hearing loss results from dysfunction in the inner ear or auditory nerve. Mixed hearing loss can be caused by ear infections, childhood illnesses, head trauma, family history, or complications during pregnancy. People with mixed hearing loss may have difficulty hearing clearly or fully, frequently ask for repetition, tire easily from straining to hear, and avoid social situations. While conductive hearing loss may sometimes be medically treated, sensorineural hearing loss is usually permanent. Hearing aids can help with mixed hearing loss if no active ear infection is present.
Alcoholism
Alcoholism is defined as an addiction to alcoholic beverages or the mental illness resulting from alcohol dependency. Statistics show that over 100,000 people die each year from alcohol-related causes, with three in four alcohol poisoning deaths involving people ages 35 to 64. Signs of alcohol abuse include health problems caused or worsened by drinking, injuries while drinking, and an inability to control drinking amounts. Resources for help include counseling services and support groups.
Sensory processing disorder
Sensory processing disorder is a condition where the brain has difficulty processing sensory information from the environment. People with sensory processing disorder may be over-sensitive or under-sensitive to stimuli like sounds, textures, or movement. They may struggle with motor coordination, spatial awareness, focus, and adapting to changes. While the causes are unknown, it may relate to genetics, birth complications, or environmental factors. Occupational therapy aims to help individuals better tolerate and respond to sensory experiences through controlled exposure and play-based activities.
Rad
Reactive attachment disorder (RAD) occurs when infants do not form healthy emotional attachments with their primary caregivers due to neglect of their emotional and physical needs. Children with RAD experience serious social and emotional neglect early in life which disrupts typical attachment development. Symptoms include being detached, uncaring, defiant, and lacking emotions besides anger. Treatment involves strengthening the relationship between the child and caregiver through therapy. RAD that goes untreated can persist into adulthood as personality disorders due to the brain injury caused by early abuse and neglect.
Physical child abuse
This document discusses physical child abuse, including its definition, signs, statistics, and resources available. Some key points:
- Physical child abuse is defined as physical injury inflicted on a child by other than accidental means. Signs can include bruises, burns, fractures, and internal injuries.
- Nearly 700,000 children are abused in the US annually, with over 1,600 dying from abuse or neglect. In Wisconsin in 2015, there were over 42,000 child abuse reports involving 35,000 children, with 871 substantiated cases of physical abuse.
- Symptoms of abused children can include injuries that don't match stories, untreated medical issues, reluctance to go home, and behavioral changes like nightmares
Oppositional defiant disorder (odd)
Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD) is characterized by frequent and consistent periods of irritation or argumentation toward authority figures that typically begins in preschool years. The DSM-5 lists symptoms including angry/irritable mood, argumentative/defiant behavior, and vindictiveness that negatively impact work, school, or family and last at least 6 months. There is no single cause identified but potential factors include genetics, parenting styles, brain chemistry, and social environment. Treatment focuses on therapy and training for both the child and parents to improve communication and behavior through techniques like parent training and cognitive training.
Neglect
Child neglect is the most common form of child abuse and occurs when a caretaker fails to provide for a child's basic needs. It can negatively impact a child's development physically, mentally, and emotionally. There are different types of neglect including physical, medical, emotional, and educational. Signs of neglect include behavioral and emotional issues. Neglected children are more likely to experience mental health problems and relationship difficulties later in life. Nearly 700,000 children are abused annually in the US and neglect is the most common form, affecting about 1 in 10 children. Therapy and prevention programs aim to help neglected children.
Mixed hearing
Mixed hearing loss is a combination of conductive and sensorineural hearing loss. Conductive hearing loss occurs when sound transmission is impaired through the outer or middle ear, while sensorineural hearing loss results from dysfunction in the inner ear or auditory nerve. Mixed hearing loss can be caused by ear infections, childhood illnesses, head trauma, family history, or complications during pregnancy. People with mixed hearing loss may have difficulty hearing clearly or fully, frequently ask for repetition, tire easily from straining to hear, and avoid social situations. While conductive hearing loss may sometimes be medically treated, sensorineural hearing loss is usually permanent. Hearing aids can help with mixed hearing loss if no active ear infection is present.
Incarcerated parents
Over 2.7 million children in the United States have an incarcerated parent. Fathers make up 92% of incarcerated parents. Children of incarcerated parents are twice as likely to have learning disabilities and higher rates of depression. They also exhibit more antisocial behaviors, academic issues, and problems with developmental milestones. Teachers can support these children by being sensitive to triggers related to incarceration, talking to children about their feelings, and using books and resources to help children feel less alone.
Fragile x
Fragile X syndrome is an inherited condition caused by a defect on the X chromosome that results in intellectual disabilities ranging from mild to severe. It is characterized by symptoms such as intellectual disabilities, attention issues, anxiety, autism-like behaviors, sensory issues, speech delays, seizures, and in males large testes after puberty. The condition is caused by a DNA mutation that results in the FMR1 gene being switched off and the FMRP protein not being produced, preventing normal brain development. While there is no cure, treatments can help minimize symptoms and include education, medications, and therapy.
Eating disorders
The document discusses common eating disorders such as anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, and binge eating disorder. It provides details on myths and facts about eating disorders, including that they have the highest mortality rate of any mental illness and can affect both men and women. Signs and symptoms of bulimia nervosa and anorexia nervosa are outlined. The document concludes by discussing supports and treatments for eating disorders such as family-based therapy and cognitive behavioral therapy, and notes that recovery is challenging but possible.
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Muscle dystrophy
- 1. Muscle Dystrophy BY: AMBER POGREBA
- 2. What is Muscular Dystrophy??? • MD is a group of disorders characterized by a professional loss of muscle mass and consequent loss of strength. • Most form of MD is Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy. This affects young boys, but can occur in adulthood. • Affects up to 1 in every 5,000 males.
- 3. Symptoms INITIAL • Pain and stiffness in muscles • Difficulty with running and jumping • Walking on toes • Difficulty sitting up and standing • Speech may be affected L ATER • Inability to walk • Limiting movements • Breathing problems • Cardiac problems • Difficulty swallowing
- 4. Causes • Main cause is a lock of protein of dystrophin. • Genetic mutations that interfere with production of muscle proteins
- 5. Types of MD • Duchenne- Start before 3 years old, wheelchair bound by 12, and die from respiratory failure by mid- twenties • Becker- similar to Duchenne, but slower and longer life (mid- forties) • Myotonic (Steinert’s Disease)- most common adult- onset form, inability to relax a muscle as the other one contracted, face and neck muscles are affected first • Congenital- obvious from birth to age of 2, affects girl and boys
- 6. More types of MD • Facioscapulohumeral- most commonly seen in teenage years, begins in shoulders and face, can’t fully close their eyes • Limb- Girdle- Begins in childhood or teenage years, affects shoulder and hip first, trouble raising the front part of the foot (tripping a lot) • Oculopharungeal- Onset between 40-70 years old, eyelids, throat, and face are affected first, then shoulder and pelvis
- 7. Treatments • No cure • You can improve symptoms and slow the progression down, but not fully cure it. • They are testing on gene therapy. Gene Therapy is the transplantation of normal gene into cells in place of the missing or defective cells.
- 8. Video and Works Cited • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=68YO2eh1bIY • Newman, Tim. "Muscular Dystrophy: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatments." Medical News Today. MediLexicon International, 2 Jan. 2017. Web. 01 June 2017.