Howard Gardner proposed the theory of multiple intelligences in 1983. The theory suggests that intelligence is not a single general ability but rather consists of at least eight specific intelligences: linguistic, logical-mathematical, spatial, bodily-kinesthetic, musical, interpersonal, intrapersonal, and naturalistic. The document provides descriptions of each type of intelligence, including examples of skills and strengths associated with each one. It also includes information about IQ ranges and intelligence quotient testing.