This document discusses cellular respiration, which is the process by which living cells convert biochemical energy from nutrients into adenosine triphosphate (ATP). It involves the breakdown of glucose and other food molecules in the presence of oxygen to produce carbon dioxide, water, and release chemical energy. This energy is then used to drive other biochemical processes in the cell. The document contrasts aerobic respiration, which uses oxygen and produces more ATP, with anaerobic respiration, which does not use oxygen and produces less ATP. Examples of anaerobic respiration include fermentation in yeast during baking and brewing.
All organisms are made of small microscopic units called cells.
A cell is the smallest structural and functional unit of an organism. Each cell of an organism performs certain functions such as nutrition, transport, excretion and reproduction.
This is the first PowerPoint in the mrexham IGCSE Biology series. It is also available on iBooks.
It covers the Cells section from life processes of the Edexcel IGCSE Biology course
All organisms are made of small microscopic units called cells.
A cell is the smallest structural and functional unit of an organism. Each cell of an organism performs certain functions such as nutrition, transport, excretion and reproduction.
This is the first PowerPoint in the mrexham IGCSE Biology series. It is also available on iBooks.
It covers the Cells section from life processes of the Edexcel IGCSE Biology course
Define what is respiration
Differentiate aerobic from anaerobic respiration
Explain the 4 main stages of aerobic respiration
Explain the process of fermentation
Le nuove frontiere dell'AI nell'RPA con UiPath Autopilot™UiPathCommunity
In questo evento online gratuito, organizzato dalla Community Italiana di UiPath, potrai esplorare le nuove funzionalità di Autopilot, il tool che integra l'Intelligenza Artificiale nei processi di sviluppo e utilizzo delle Automazioni.
📕 Vedremo insieme alcuni esempi dell'utilizzo di Autopilot in diversi tool della Suite UiPath:
Autopilot per Studio Web
Autopilot per Studio
Autopilot per Apps
Clipboard AI
GenAI applicata alla Document Understanding
👨🏫👨💻 Speakers:
Stefano Negro, UiPath MVPx3, RPA Tech Lead @ BSP Consultant
Flavio Martinelli, UiPath MVP 2023, Technical Account Manager @UiPath
Andrei Tasca, RPA Solutions Team Lead @NTT Data
LF Energy Webinar: Electrical Grid Modelling and Simulation Through PowSyBl -...DanBrown980551
Do you want to learn how to model and simulate an electrical network from scratch in under an hour?
Then welcome to this PowSyBl workshop, hosted by Rte, the French Transmission System Operator (TSO)!
During the webinar, you will discover the PowSyBl ecosystem as well as handle and study an electrical network through an interactive Python notebook.
PowSyBl is an open source project hosted by LF Energy, which offers a comprehensive set of features for electrical grid modelling and simulation. Among other advanced features, PowSyBl provides:
- A fully editable and extendable library for grid component modelling;
- Visualization tools to display your network;
- Grid simulation tools, such as power flows, security analyses (with or without remedial actions) and sensitivity analyses;
The framework is mostly written in Java, with a Python binding so that Python developers can access PowSyBl functionalities as well.
What you will learn during the webinar:
- For beginners: discover PowSyBl's functionalities through a quick general presentation and the notebook, without needing any expert coding skills;
- For advanced developers: master the skills to efficiently apply PowSyBl functionalities to your real-world scenarios.
Elevating Tactical DDD Patterns Through Object CalisthenicsDorra BARTAGUIZ
After immersing yourself in the blue book and its red counterpart, attending DDD-focused conferences, and applying tactical patterns, you're left with a crucial question: How do I ensure my design is effective? Tactical patterns within Domain-Driven Design (DDD) serve as guiding principles for creating clear and manageable domain models. However, achieving success with these patterns requires additional guidance. Interestingly, we've observed that a set of constraints initially designed for training purposes remarkably aligns with effective pattern implementation, offering a more ‘mechanical’ approach. Let's explore together how Object Calisthenics can elevate the design of your tactical DDD patterns, offering concrete help for those venturing into DDD for the first time!
GraphRAG is All You need? LLM & Knowledge GraphGuy Korland
Guy Korland, CEO and Co-founder of FalkorDB, will review two articles on the integration of language models with knowledge graphs.
1. Unifying Large Language Models and Knowledge Graphs: A Roadmap.
https://arxiv.org/abs/2306.08302
2. Microsoft Research's GraphRAG paper and a review paper on various uses of knowledge graphs:
https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/research/blog/graphrag-unlocking-llm-discovery-on-narrative-private-data/
Securing your Kubernetes cluster_ a step-by-step guide to success !KatiaHIMEUR1
Today, after several years of existence, an extremely active community and an ultra-dynamic ecosystem, Kubernetes has established itself as the de facto standard in container orchestration. Thanks to a wide range of managed services, it has never been so easy to set up a ready-to-use Kubernetes cluster.
However, this ease of use means that the subject of security in Kubernetes is often left for later, or even neglected. This exposes companies to significant risks.
In this talk, I'll show you step-by-step how to secure your Kubernetes cluster for greater peace of mind and reliability.
Accelerate your Kubernetes clusters with Varnish CachingThijs Feryn
A presentation about the usage and availability of Varnish on Kubernetes. This talk explores the capabilities of Varnish caching and shows how to use the Varnish Helm chart to deploy it to Kubernetes.
This presentation was delivered at K8SUG Singapore. See https://feryn.eu/presentations/accelerate-your-kubernetes-clusters-with-varnish-caching-k8sug-singapore-28-2024 for more details.
A tale of scale & speed: How the US Navy is enabling software delivery from l...sonjaschweigert1
Rapid and secure feature delivery is a goal across every application team and every branch of the DoD. The Navy’s DevSecOps platform, Party Barge, has achieved:
- Reduction in onboarding time from 5 weeks to 1 day
- Improved developer experience and productivity through actionable findings and reduction of false positives
- Maintenance of superior security standards and inherent policy enforcement with Authorization to Operate (ATO)
Development teams can ship efficiently and ensure applications are cyber ready for Navy Authorizing Officials (AOs). In this webinar, Sigma Defense and Anchore will give attendees a look behind the scenes and demo secure pipeline automation and security artifacts that speed up application ATO and time to production.
We will cover:
- How to remove silos in DevSecOps
- How to build efficient development pipeline roles and component templates
- How to deliver security artifacts that matter for ATO’s (SBOMs, vulnerability reports, and policy evidence)
- How to streamline operations with automated policy checks on container images
Builder.ai Founder Sachin Dev Duggal's Strategic Approach to Create an Innova...Ramesh Iyer
In today's fast-changing business world, Companies that adapt and embrace new ideas often need help to keep up with the competition. However, fostering a culture of innovation takes much work. It takes vision, leadership and willingness to take risks in the right proportion. Sachin Dev Duggal, co-founder of Builder.ai, has perfected the art of this balance, creating a company culture where creativity and growth are nurtured at each stage.
Key Trends Shaping the Future of Infrastructure.pdfCheryl Hung
Keynote at DIGIT West Expo, Glasgow on 29 May 2024.
Cheryl Hung, ochery.com
Sr Director, Infrastructure Ecosystem, Arm.
The key trends across hardware, cloud and open-source; exploring how these areas are likely to mature and develop over the short and long-term, and then considering how organisations can position themselves to adapt and thrive.
Welocme to ViralQR, your best QR code generator.ViralQR
Welcome to ViralQR, your best QR code generator available on the market!
At ViralQR, we design static and dynamic QR codes. Our mission is to make business operations easier and customer engagement more powerful through the use of QR technology. Be it a small-scale business or a huge enterprise, our easy-to-use platform provides multiple choices that can be tailored according to your company's branding and marketing strategies.
Our Vision
We are here to make the process of creating QR codes easy and smooth, thus enhancing customer interaction and making business more fluid. We very strongly believe in the ability of QR codes to change the world for businesses in their interaction with customers and are set on making that technology accessible and usable far and wide.
Our Achievements
Ever since its inception, we have successfully served many clients by offering QR codes in their marketing, service delivery, and collection of feedback across various industries. Our platform has been recognized for its ease of use and amazing features, which helped a business to make QR codes.
Our Services
At ViralQR, here is a comprehensive suite of services that caters to your very needs:
Static QR Codes: Create free static QR codes. These QR codes are able to store significant information such as URLs, vCards, plain text, emails and SMS, Wi-Fi credentials, and Bitcoin addresses.
Dynamic QR codes: These also have all the advanced features but are subscription-based. They can directly link to PDF files, images, micro-landing pages, social accounts, review forms, business pages, and applications. In addition, they can be branded with CTAs, frames, patterns, colors, and logos to enhance your branding.
Pricing and Packages
Additionally, there is a 14-day free offer to ViralQR, which is an exceptional opportunity for new users to take a feel of this platform. One can easily subscribe from there and experience the full dynamic of using QR codes. The subscription plans are not only meant for business; they are priced very flexibly so that literally every business could afford to benefit from our service.
Why choose us?
ViralQR will provide services for marketing, advertising, catering, retail, and the like. The QR codes can be posted on fliers, packaging, merchandise, and banners, as well as to substitute for cash and cards in a restaurant or coffee shop. With QR codes integrated into your business, improve customer engagement and streamline operations.
Comprehensive Analytics
Subscribers of ViralQR receive detailed analytics and tracking tools in light of having a view of the core values of QR code performance. Our analytics dashboard shows aggregate views and unique views, as well as detailed information about each impression, including time, device, browser, and estimated location by city and country.
So, thank you for choosing ViralQR; we have an offer of nothing but the best in terms of QR code services to meet business diversity!
2. All living cells are made up of chemical substances
The processes of living involve reactions between the
substances
For example
C + O2 CO2
carbon oxygen carbon dioxide
is an event which
produces a change
in a substance
3. The reaction between carbon and
oxygen also releases energy in the
form of heat and light (flames)
Living organisms get their energy from
reactions like this (but not reactions
which are violent enough to produce
flames)
5. One of the energy-producing reactions is called
respiration
(Respiration is not breathing)
takes place
in allall living cells
The reaction takes place between oxygen and a
substance which contains carbon. The reaction
produces carbon dioxide and water, and releases
energyenergy
6. The carbon-containing substances come from
FOOD (GLUCOSE)
The oxygen comes from the AIR (or water)
The energy is used to drive other chemical
reactions taking place in cells
C6H12O6 + 6O2 6CO2 + 6H2O + energy
sugar
(glucose)
oxygen carbon
dioxide
water
8. The blood stream brings food
and oxygen to the muscle
cells. Respiration occurs in
the cells and releases energy
which……
shoulder blade
upper arm
bone
lower arm bones
Energy use in muscle contraction
10. (a)
(b)
(a) is a section cut through the
length of a maize seedling. Areas
of rapid respiration are stained pink.
(b) and (c) are drawings of the seed
and the seedling that grows from it.
Can you suggest reasons why
respiration should be so rapid in the
stained regions?
embryo
shoot
embryo
root
food store
root
(c)
shoot
root
11. Answer
The most intensely stained areas are in the root tip and the
shoot tip. These are regions where very rapid cell division is
taking place to produce growth. Making new cells and new
cytoplasm takes a great deal of energy.
You might also have noticed that, in the root, there are two
faint streaks of pink. These occur in the conducting tissue of
the seedling. Energy is needed to transport food from the
food store to the growing region.
12. Glucose and
oxygen react to
produce energy for
muscle contraction
4 RESPIRATION
5 Carbon dioxide
is carried to the lungs
by the blood
One example of respiration in ourselvesOne example of respiration in ourselves
1. Air taken in
1.Food taken in
2. The lungs absorb oxygen
from the air
2.The stomach and
intestine digest food.
One of the products
is glucose
3.The blood stream
carries glucose and
oxygen to the muscles
13. RespirationRespiration
The glucose is notnot completely broken down to CO2 and H2O
but to CO2 and alcohol (ethanol).
release of energy when foodstuffs such
as glucose react with oxygenwith oxygen to produce
carbon dioxide and water.
aerobic respiration.
which does not need oxygendoes not need oxygen
and is called anaerobic
respiration
14. C6H12O6 2C2H5OH + 2CO2
glucose alcohol
energy
For example, our own muscles resort to anaerobic
respiration when oxygen is not delivered to them fast
enough.
* LESS energy released
* Anaerobic respiration takes place at some stage in the cells
of most living organisms.
anaerobic respiration
15. sugar is broken down to alcohol and carbon dioxide
* pizza-making* pizza-making
* brewing* brewing
* wine-making* wine-making
fermentation.
One form of anaerobic respiration in bacteria and yeasts
is called
16. AEROBIC
RESPIRATION
SIMILARITIES ANAEROBIC
RESPIRATION
*USES O2 *E released by breakdown
of SUGAR
*Don’t use O2
* always produces
Carbon dioxide
+water
*ATP made *CO2 sometimes
made
*Large amount of EE
released
*Some energy lost as HEATHEAT *Small amount of ee
released
*ALCOHOL or
LACTID ACID made
18. Dough rising
The yeast is mixed
with the dough
After 1 hour in a warm
place the dough has
risen as a result of the
carbon dioxide
produced by the yeast
19. The ‘holes’ in the
bread are made by
the carbon dioxide
bubbles.
This gives the
bread a ‘light’
texture
20. Proteins Carbohydrates Lipids
DIGESTION
AAAA GlucoseGlucose FattyFatty
acids +acids +
glycerolglycerol
BLOOD
GlucoseGlucose
PYRUVIC ACIDPYRUVIC ACID
22
CC
YY
TT
OO
PP
LL
AA
SS
MM
No O2No O2
enzymes
C6H12O6 2C2H5OH+2 CO2+ 118kj/2 ATP
Glucose alcohol carbon E
dioxide
KREBS CYCLEKREBS CYCLE
MITOCHONDRIONMITOCHONDRION AEROBIC RESPIRATIONAEROBIC RESPIRATION
enzymes
C6H12O6 + 6 O 6CO2+6H2O+ 2830kj / 38 ATP (40% is used)
Glucose oxygen carbon water E
Substrates dioxide
GlucoseGlucose
GlucoseGlucose
PYRUVIC ACIDPYRUVIC ACIDLACTICLACTIC
ACIDACID
2 ATP
LACTICLACTIC
ACIDACIDPYRUVIC ACIDPYRUVIC ACID
BLOOD
MUSCLE
LIVER
CORI CYCLECORI CYCLE
Only in EXTREME MUSCULAR
ACTIVITY
6 ATP
FERMENTATIONFERMENTATION
GLUCOGLUCO
NEONEO
GENESISGENESIS
OXYGEN DEBTOXYGEN DEBT
Editor's Notes
It is important to understand that the biological meaning of ‘Respiration’ refers to a chemical process taking place in all living cells. The function of this chemical process is to make energy available for all the cell’s activities which keep it alive. ‘ Breathing’, in some cases, plays a part but ‘respiration’ to a biologist does not mean the same as ‘breathing’.
Some of the energy released in living organisms always appears in the form of heat
Coal and wood are the carbon sources. The carbon dioxide goes up the chimney.
The word ‘respiration’ is used in everyday language to mean breathing; as in,for example, ‘respiration rate’ (breathing rate) or ‘artificial respiration’. In biology, it is best to avoid confusion by using the term ‘respiration’ for the chemical reaction in cells. ‘Artificial respiration’, is better described as ‘resuscitation’.
Organisms living in water absorb oxygen from it. But it is not the O of H 2 O that they use. The oxygen which they can use is dissolved in the water and comes, originally, from the air.
These are only a few examples. Every living process in living organisms needs energy from respiration
The drawing represents the human arm bones with two of the muscles which produce movement (biceps and triceps)
The water produced as a waste product of respiration is picked up by the blood stream and may be lost in sweat, water vapour from the lungs or in urine
The carbon dioxide bubbles plus some of the beer constituents produce a dense froth on top of the beer. The fermentation vessel is an old-fashioned open type.