The document discusses different theories of motivation. It begins by defining motivation and describing intrinsic and extrinsic types. It then outlines six major motivation theories: 1) Cognitive Dissonance Theory which proposes people seek to resolve inconsistencies between attitudes/behaviors, 2) Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs consisting of physiological, safety, love, esteem and self-actualization needs, 3) Alderfer's ERG Theory grouping needs into existence, relatedness and growth, 4) Goal Theory proposing people are motivated to achieve specific, proximate and challenging goals, 5) Self-Determination Theory centered around autonomy, competence and relatedness, and 6) Achievement Motivation Theory focused on needs for

2. content
LOGO
 INTRODUCTION
 MOTIVATION TYPES
 MOTIVATION THEORIES
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3. INTRODUCTION
• Motivation is what causes us to act, whether
it is getting a glass of water to reduce thirst or
reading a book to gain knowledge.
• Motivation is literally the desire to do things
• An inferred process within an animal or an
individual that causes that organism to move
towards a goal

5. Motivation types

6. INTRINSIC EXTRINSIC
• Driven by an interest or • It refers to the
enjoyment in the task performance of an activity
itself in order to attain an
outcome
• Extrinsic motivation
• Don’t rely on any comes from outside of the
external pressure individual

7. MOTIVATION THEORIES
 These theories helps us to prepare a
foundation for learning how to motivate
self and others.
 WHAT IS IT THAT’S STOPING US TO
DO, WHAT IS TO BE DONE?

8. MOTIVATION THEORIES
1. Cognitive Dissonance Theory
2. Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs
3. Alderfer's ERG Theory
4. Goal Theory
5. Self-Determination Theory
6. Achievement Motivation Theory

9. 1. Cognitive Dissonance
Theory
 A cognition is any element of knowledge -
an attitude, emotion, belief, value,
behaviour, etc.
 When two cognitions are in direct conflict
with one another a state of anxiety is
produced - dissonance is the term for the
anxiety.

10. Example
 For example "smoking is bad for you"
while continuing the behaviour of smoking.
These two cognitions are in direct conflict
with each other
 The belief that smoking is bad is part of
one neural network - perhaps associated
with health and fitness is another conflict

11. 2. Maslow's Hierarchy of
Needs
Self -
Actualization
Esteem needs
Belongingness & love needs
(social needs)
Safety needs
Physiological needs:

12. If we fulfill our needs at one
level, then we can focus on
satisfying the need on the
next higher level

13.  Physiological needs
Hunger, thirst etc.,
 Safety needs
To feel secure & safe, out of danger
 Belongingness & love needs
Affiliate with others, be accepted & belong
 Esteem needs
To achieve, be component, gain approval and
belong
 Self-actualization needs
Self fulfillment & realize one’s potential

14. 3. Alderfer's ERG Theory
 Alderfer took Maslow's theory a little
further
Existence - Survival Needs(first two)
Relatedness - Separateness and
connectedness(second two)
Growth - Learning Something
New(other’s)


15. 4. Goal Theory
 It means ”people have drives to meet
certain end states”.
 They are motivated to do certain things as
a means to achieve that end.

16. Main Elements
1. Proximity 2. Degree of 3. Specificity
(time limit) difficulty

17. Types of goal
Short-term
A goal that can be achieved in a relative
short period of time
Ex: To complete the course
Long-term
A goal that takes a long period of time to
achieve
Ex: Great success in career

18. 5. Self-Determination
Theory(SDT)
 It is closely related to Maslow's Theory
with the exception SDT suggests that
people do not operate on auto-pilot
 It presupposes that we all have a built-in
tendency toward growth and development
…just need an IGNITION to start

19. Three Concepts That Affect Motivation:
 Autonomy - Separateness... "I can do it
myself"
 Competence Feedback - Approval and
Acknowledgment from significant others
 Relatedness - Connectedness... "I'm not
alone"


20. 6. Achievement Motivation
Theory
 David McClelland's Achievement
Motivation Theory proposes that the three
factors influencing motivation
Need to Achieve
Need for Power
Need for Affiliation

21. FACTORS
 Need to Achieve: Varies on a
continuum from low to high. This need is
related to the degree of difficulty of tasks
that a person chooses.

22.  Need for Power - Those person who
derive a sense of satisfaction from having
an impact on their environment in a way
that moves it in the direction that person
would like to see it move.

23.  Need for Affiliation - This need describes
those who are motivated primarily by
connecting and interacting with others are
happiest when they feel a sense of
belonging and involvement with a social
group.

24. THANK YOU
By AMIT THAKU