Module 1 Introduction
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Phase 1 involves reconnaissance where the hacker gathers information about the target without directly interacting with it. Phase 2 is scanning where the hacker scans the network to find specific information like open ports and operating systems. Phase 3 is gaining access where the hacker exploits a vulnerability to penetrate the system. Phase 4 is maintaining access where the hacker tries to retain ownership and may install backdoors. Phase 5 is covering tracks where the hacker hides evidence of the attack.
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1) IP forwarding can be enabled by editing /etc/sysctl.conf or /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward.
2) The routing table contains rules with destination, interface, and optional gateway to route packets.
3) Example commands demonstrate adding routing rules for different networks through specific interfaces.
Net Security Intro
The document outlines a 15-module network security course taught by Phạm Văn Tính, PhD. The course covers ethical hacking theory over 45 hours and practice over 30 hours. Topics include footprinting, scanning, enumeration, system hacking, trojans, sniffers, denial of service attacks, social engineering, session hijacking, hacking web servers, SQL injection, wireless hacking, Linux hacking, and evading intrusion detection systems. The course material is based on CEH curriculums and references four literature sources on ethical hacking, Linux/Unix security, network security secrets and solutions, and web security.
Module 10 Physical Security
Physical security involves preventing unauthorized access to computer systems and protecting data. It includes securing the company surroundings with fences, gates, and guards. Within premises, CCTV cameras, intruder alarms, and window/door bars provide security. Servers should be locked in enclosed rooms, and workstations in open areas need locks and CCTV monitoring. Access controls like smart cards, biometrics, and entry logs restrict access to sensitive areas. Wireless networks and other equipment also require security measures like encryption and locked storage to protect physical integrity of systems and data.
Module 9 Dos
The document discusses denial of service (DoS) and distributed denial of service (DDoS) attacks. It defines DoS and DDoS attacks, describes different types of DoS attacks like SYN flooding and Smurf attacks. It also explains how botnets and tools are used to launch DDoS attacks, and discusses some common DDoS countermeasures like detection, mitigation and traceback.
Module 8 System Hacking
The document discusses various techniques for hacking systems, including password cracking, privilege escalation, executing applications remotely, and using keyloggers and spyware. It provides an overview of tools that can perform functions like password cracking, sniffing network traffic, capturing credentials, escalating privileges, executing code remotely, and logging keystrokes covertly. Countermeasures to these techniques, like disabling LM hashes, changing passwords regularly, and using antivirus software, are also covered.
Module 6 Session Hijacking
Session hijacking involves an attacker taking over an existing TCP connection between two machines by predicting sequence numbers and spoofing IP addresses. The document discusses the difference between spoofing and hijacking, the steps an attacker takes to hijack a session including predicting sequence numbers and killing the original connection, types of session hijacking techniques, and tools that can be used for session hijacking like Juggernaut, Hunt, IP Watcher, and T-Sight. It also provides countermeasures like using encryption, secure protocols, limiting connections, and educating employees.
Module 5 Sniffers
This document provides an overview of network sniffing including definitions, vulnerable protocols, types of sniffing attacks, tools used for sniffing, and countermeasures. It discusses passive and active sniffing, ARP spoofing, MAC flooding, DNS poisoning techniques, and popular sniffing tools like Wireshark, Arpspoof, and Dsniff. It also outlines methods for detecting sniffing activity on a network such as monitoring for changed MAC addresses and unusual packets, as well as recommendations for implementing countermeasures like encryption, static ARP tables, port security, and intrusion detection systems.
Module 4 Enumeration
The document discusses techniques for enumerating information from systems during the hacking process. It describes establishing null sessions to extract user names, shares, and other details without authentication. Tools like DumpSec, Netview, Nbtstat, GetAcct, and PS Tools are also covered as ways to enumerate users, groups, shares, permissions, and more from Windows and UNIX systems. The document also provides countermeasures like restricting null sessions and the anonymous user to protect against enumeration attacks.
Module 3 Scanning
The document discusses scanning techniques used during penetration testing and hacking. It defines different types of scanning like port scanning, network scanning, and vulnerability scanning. It describes tools like Nmap that can be used to perform these scans and examines techniques like SYN scanning, XMAS scanning, NULL scanning, and IDLE scanning. The document also discusses using proxies and anonymizers to hide one's location while scanning and ways to document results like creating network diagrams of vulnerable systems.
Module 2 Foot Printing
The document provides an overview of footprinting, which is the first stage of reconnaissance during a cyber attack. It involves gathering open-source information about a target organization to understand its security profile and map its network. Some of the tools mentioned for footprinting include Whois, Nslookup, traceroute, Google Earth and various online databases to find domain information, network details, employee names and more. The goal is to learn as much as possible about the target before launching an actual attack.
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Module 1 Introduction
- 1. MODULE 1 Introduction to Ethical Hacking
- 2. What Does a Malicious Hacker Do?