This document summarizes the carding process and modern developments in carding machines. It discusses the history and definition of carding, the steps and actions that take place in a carding machine. Two main models of carding machines are described - the Rieter C4 and C70 machines, and the Laxmi Machinery Works LC300 and LC363/361 machines. The Rieter and LMW machines are compared in terms of their specifications, features, and technological developments.

1. SARANYA.N
16BFT1006
YARN AND FABRIC MANUFACTURING
ASSIGNMENT-1
MODERN
DEVELOPMENTS IN
CARDING

2. The History:
In 1748 Lewis Paul of Birmingham, England
developed the hand driven carding machine . The name card has its
origin from the Latin "Carduus". It keeps an eye on thorn, the spiked
product of which was utilized for culling fibred separated in before
time.
DEFINITION:
Carding is characterized as the decrease of
entangled mass of strands to cloudy web by working them between
two firmly dispersed generally moving surfaces dressed with sharp
focuses. It is a preparatory procedure in spun yarn technology soon
after blow room process.
STEPS IN CARDING:
Opening to individual fibers: The blow room just opens the RAW
material to groups where as the card opens it to the phase of
individual strands. This enables the eliminations of impurities and
good performance of the other operation.
Elimination of impurities: Impurities are mostly eliminated in taker
in and a small portion of it is elim inated by flat stripping. Modern
card removes 80 – 90% impurities from lap and sliver contains only
0.05 – 0.3% foreign matter.
Elimination of dust: Carding process removes dust as well as micro
particles by significant friction.

3. Disentangling of neps: Blow room increment neps from machine
to machine, however card decrease it to a little erosion. The card does
not expel neps but rather unravels it by opening them. Unraveling
procedure of neps can be done by Closer spacing between the
clothing, sharper clothing, optional speed of taker in, low doffer speed
etc.
Fiber blending: The card barely enhances long term mixing as the
habitation time of the material in the machine is too short. The card
enhances navigate mixing and fiber with fiber blending.
ACTIONS OF CARDING MACHINE:
The following 4 actions take place in a carding machine:
1. Combing action;
2. Carding action;
3. Stripping action;
4. Doffing action.
COMBING ACTION:
Combing action takes place between feed roller and taker in.
Here the direction of the two surfaces is the same. Combing is the
process of straightening and parallelization of fiber and the removal of
short fibers and impurities by using a comb or combs which is assisted
by roller and brushed.

4. CARDING ACTION:
Carding action takes place between flat and cylinder. In carding,
the direction of wire in two surfaces is opposite. The moving direction
of roller are also opposite. One roller is slower and the other is fast. So
carding action is known as point against point action.
STRIPPING ACTION:
Stripping action takes place between Taken-in and Cylinder or
else in between Doffer and Stripper. In stripping action wire direction
will be same. One roller will be faster than another. So stripping action
is also known as “Point back point” action.
DOFFING ACTION:
This action takes place between cylinder and doffer. In this place
fiber is transferred from cylinder to doffer. Low speed doffer is called
fiber from high speed cylinder and makes a condensed web for
formation of sliver.
Modern Developments of Carding:
1. Chute feed System,
2. Pre- Carding Zone,
3. Multiple Taker-in (also known as Licker-in),
4. Carding Zone,
5. Post Carding Zone,
6. Suction System,
7. Wab Doffing Device,

5. 8. Auto leveling, and
9. Coiler & Can Changer.
MAIN TWO MODELS OF MACHINE:
1. Reiter (international) Machine-Reiter (C4-C70)
2. Laxmi Machinery works (Indian) Machine-LMW (LC-300-LC-
363/361.
Rieter
▪ Rieter is a leading supplier on the world market for textile
machinery and components used in short staple fiber spinning.
▪ Has its origin in Winterthur (Switzerland), the company develops
and manufactures systems, machinery and technology
components used to convert natural and manmade fibers and
their blends into yarns.
C 4:
▪ Model No.:- C 4
▪ Invented in- 1987-88
▪ Production.;- Up to 50 kg/hr.
▪ Low speed card
▪ No of flats.- 84
▪ No. of flats in contacts.- 30
▪ Card width- Less than 1 meter
▪ With Aero chute feed system.
▪ Automatic can changer, Ø 24” (600 x 1200 mm),
▪ Single Licker-in.
▪ Aero feed chute feed system.

6. C 70:
▪ Model No.- C70
▪ High performance card
▪ Invented in;- 2012
▪ Production.;- 120-160 kg/hr.
▪ No. of Flats.- 99
▪ No. of Flats in contacts.- 48
▪ Card Width.-1.5 meter
▪ Auto can changer
▪ Multiple Licker-in(Optional)
▪ Auto leveler with100% Leveling
▪ 40% high production then C60
▪ Uniform Feed
▪ Also aero fine chute feed system
More developments in C 70:
▪ The draw frame module is available in two versions:
▪ C 70 SB without auto leveling system.
▪ C 70 RSB with the mill-proven Rieter auto leveling system
▪ High performance High speed machine.
Modern Rieter Card C 70

7. Lakshmi Machinery Works (LMW)
Lakshmi Machine Works Ltd., has been consistently at the
forefront of technological advancements in textile machinery. A
period of time, the company has gained a worldwide reputation for its
state-of-the-art technology and high quality standards.
LC 300:
▪ Model no.- LC300a-v3
▪ Production Rate.;- Up to 80 kg/hr.
▪ Feeding System:- Chute feed/Lap
▪ Working width.- 1000 mm
▪ Single licker-in
▪ Auto leveler
▪ No of flats.- 93
▪ In working zone-33
▪ Can size.- 600*1000 mm
▪ Can Changer;- Automatic Rotary
LC 363/361:
▪ Model no.- LC363/361
▪ Production Rate;- Up to 120kg/hr
▪ High speed elements.
▪ Feeding System;- Chute feed
▪ Working Width;- 1000 mm
▪ Multiple licker-in
▪ High auto performance leveling
▪ No. of flats.- 97

8. ▪ In working zone.- 36
▪ 40”X48” Stand alone Rotary Can changer
MORE DEVELOPMENTS IN LC 363:
▪ Dust Extraction;- By individual suction Point or System
▪ Aluminum alloy flats with increased no. of revolving flats.
▪ All type sensors are available. e.g. - can change, limit switch, etc…
▪ Touch Screen Display
▪ Flexible clothing.
▪ High productivity.
▪ Application Range;-
▪ Cotton 20-40mm Staple length
▪ Man-made or blend up to 60mm staple length.
MORE DATAS OF LC 363:
▪ Sliver Range.- 0.08-0.18ne
▪ Draft.- 60-300
▪ Weight Of Feed.- 400-800 G/M
▪ Total Waste.- 2-10 %
▪ Total Weight Of Machine.- 7000 Kg.(7-ton)
COMPRESSED AIR REQUIREMENT:
▪ System pressure.- 6 bar minimum
▪ Operating system.- 4-5 bar(58-72 psi)
▪ Air consumption.- 0.7 Nm3/hr.

9. LMW LC 363