Advanced fiber information system
•Download as PPTX, PDF•
9 likes•6,447 views
The document discusses the Advanced Fiber Information System (AFIS), which was developed to more accurately and precisely measure properties of raw textile materials like cotton. AFIS uses aeromechanical and electro-optical techniques to separate fibers and analyze them individually, providing distributions of properties rather than just average values. This gives more detailed information about factors like fiber length and imperfections. Specifically, AFIS can classify neps (entanglements) into fiber neps and seed coat neps, providing a more comprehensive quality assessment of ginning cotton and processed fibers.
Report
Share
Report
Share
Recommended
TEXTILE TESTING
This document provides guidelines for sampling procedures when testing cotton fibers to determine their quality properties. It discusses:
- The need for representative sampling due to natural variations in fiber properties within and between cotton bales.
- Procedures for obtaining a gross sample by drawing tufts from 10 equally spaced layers across randomly selected bales based on the lot size.
- Reducing the gross sample size by spreading it out and randomly pulling tufts weighing about 4g from 25 sub-squares of a 1m x 1m area or 2g from 50 sub-squares of a 1m x 2m area.
- Further reducing the reduced sample into 25 or 50 approximately equal parts for fiber testing.
2 Fibre length.pdf
- Fibre length is an important property that affects cotton quality and spinning process parameters. Longer fibres have higher commercial value.
- Fibre length varies depending on cotton variety, growing conditions, and season. Measurement requires considering a large sample size and length distribution.
- Traditional methods include stapling and comb sorting to visually assess length distribution. The Baer Sorter uses combs to arrange fibres by length.
- Modern optical scanning methods like the HVI are fastest and most objective. A fibre comb is scanned to generate a diagram (fibrogram) showing length distribution parameters like 2.5% and 50% span lengths. This provides a quantitative analysis of fibre length.
FABRIC STRUCTURE PART 3
THIS COVERS HONEY COMB, BRIGHTON HONEY COMB, HUCK A BACK, DISTORTED THREAD EFFECT AND OTHER WEAVES.. IT IS VERY MUCH USEFUL TO TEXTILE DIPLOMA AND DEGREE STUDENTS
Fibrograph
This document provides details on testing the length and uniformity of cotton fibers using a Fibrograph instrument. It describes the apparatus, sampling and specimen preparation methods, testing procedures, calculations, and reporting of results. Key details include:
- The Fibrograph scans fiber samples to create a fibrogram curve from which fiber length and uniformity measurements are derived.
- Samples are prepared by combing fibers randomly onto combs and inserting them into the Fibrograph.
- The instrument measures the span lengths at specific percentage points along the fibrogram curve, from which average lengths and a uniformity ratio are calculated.
Principles of various fibre testing instruments
This document discusses various instruments used to test properties of textile fibers, yarns and fabrics. It describes the principles and purposes of conditioning ovens, Shirley trash analyzers, moisture meters, fiber length measurement devices, micronaire testing for fiber fineness and cotton fiber cross-sectional analysis. Color matching cabinets are also covered, outlining standard light sources used for accurate color inspection. A variety of testing methods are explained, ranging from objective to subjective approaches.
Rotor spinning
This document compares ring spinning and rotor spinning methods of yarn formation. It discusses that rotor spinning is a more recent method that omits the step of forming a roving. In rotor spinning, fibers are fed into a rotary beater and deposited onto the sides of a rotating disc called a rotor, where they are twisted without requiring package rotation. Rotor spinning allows for higher twisting speeds with lower power usage compared to ring spinning. It provides characteristics like higher productivity, larger sliver/package sizes, less power consumption, and more automation/flexibility. The document provides details on the parts of a rotor spinning machine and compares various parameters of ring-spun and rotor-spun yarns.
DIFFERENT TYPES OF DRAFTING SYSTEMS
Drafting is the creation of a drawing or other graphical representation of a building, mechanical device or other structure for the purposes of determining how the device should be created. Drafting is used as a part of the design and fabrication processes. Drafting can be done by hand or using specially designed computer programs and mechanical drawings.
Drafting arrangement is the most important part of the machine. It influences mainly evenness and strength The following points are therefore very important
DRAFTING IN SPINNING PROCESS Principle of yarn manufacturing pdf
Drafting in yarn manufacturing is the process of attenuating loose fibers called slivers by passing them through rollers. This straightens and makes the fibers more parallel. Drafting involves pulling fibers through rollers at different speeds to lengthen and thin them out. There are three types of drafts: mechanical draft from speed differences between rollers, actual/resultant draft accounting for slippage, and tension draft from fiber tension. Drafting arrangements, elements, and settings are important factors that influence yarn evenness and strength.
Recommended
TEXTILE TESTING
This document provides guidelines for sampling procedures when testing cotton fibers to determine their quality properties. It discusses:
- The need for representative sampling due to natural variations in fiber properties within and between cotton bales.
- Procedures for obtaining a gross sample by drawing tufts from 10 equally spaced layers across randomly selected bales based on the lot size.
- Reducing the gross sample size by spreading it out and randomly pulling tufts weighing about 4g from 25 sub-squares of a 1m x 1m area or 2g from 50 sub-squares of a 1m x 2m area.
- Further reducing the reduced sample into 25 or 50 approximately equal parts for fiber testing.
2 Fibre length.pdf
- Fibre length is an important property that affects cotton quality and spinning process parameters. Longer fibres have higher commercial value.
- Fibre length varies depending on cotton variety, growing conditions, and season. Measurement requires considering a large sample size and length distribution.
- Traditional methods include stapling and comb sorting to visually assess length distribution. The Baer Sorter uses combs to arrange fibres by length.
- Modern optical scanning methods like the HVI are fastest and most objective. A fibre comb is scanned to generate a diagram (fibrogram) showing length distribution parameters like 2.5% and 50% span lengths. This provides a quantitative analysis of fibre length.
FABRIC STRUCTURE PART 3
THIS COVERS HONEY COMB, BRIGHTON HONEY COMB, HUCK A BACK, DISTORTED THREAD EFFECT AND OTHER WEAVES.. IT IS VERY MUCH USEFUL TO TEXTILE DIPLOMA AND DEGREE STUDENTS
Fibrograph
This document provides details on testing the length and uniformity of cotton fibers using a Fibrograph instrument. It describes the apparatus, sampling and specimen preparation methods, testing procedures, calculations, and reporting of results. Key details include:
- The Fibrograph scans fiber samples to create a fibrogram curve from which fiber length and uniformity measurements are derived.
- Samples are prepared by combing fibers randomly onto combs and inserting them into the Fibrograph.
- The instrument measures the span lengths at specific percentage points along the fibrogram curve, from which average lengths and a uniformity ratio are calculated.
Principles of various fibre testing instruments
This document discusses various instruments used to test properties of textile fibers, yarns and fabrics. It describes the principles and purposes of conditioning ovens, Shirley trash analyzers, moisture meters, fiber length measurement devices, micronaire testing for fiber fineness and cotton fiber cross-sectional analysis. Color matching cabinets are also covered, outlining standard light sources used for accurate color inspection. A variety of testing methods are explained, ranging from objective to subjective approaches.
Rotor spinning
This document compares ring spinning and rotor spinning methods of yarn formation. It discusses that rotor spinning is a more recent method that omits the step of forming a roving. In rotor spinning, fibers are fed into a rotary beater and deposited onto the sides of a rotating disc called a rotor, where they are twisted without requiring package rotation. Rotor spinning allows for higher twisting speeds with lower power usage compared to ring spinning. It provides characteristics like higher productivity, larger sliver/package sizes, less power consumption, and more automation/flexibility. The document provides details on the parts of a rotor spinning machine and compares various parameters of ring-spun and rotor-spun yarns.
DIFFERENT TYPES OF DRAFTING SYSTEMS
Drafting is the creation of a drawing or other graphical representation of a building, mechanical device or other structure for the purposes of determining how the device should be created. Drafting is used as a part of the design and fabrication processes. Drafting can be done by hand or using specially designed computer programs and mechanical drawings.
Drafting arrangement is the most important part of the machine. It influences mainly evenness and strength The following points are therefore very important
DRAFTING IN SPINNING PROCESS Principle of yarn manufacturing pdf
Drafting in yarn manufacturing is the process of attenuating loose fibers called slivers by passing them through rollers. This straightens and makes the fibers more parallel. Drafting involves pulling fibers through rollers at different speeds to lengthen and thin them out. There are three types of drafts: mechanical draft from speed differences between rollers, actual/resultant draft accounting for slippage, and tension draft from fiber tension. Drafting arrangements, elements, and settings are important factors that influence yarn evenness and strength.
FRICTION SPINNING TECHNOLOGY, (M.S)
Dref system is Dref 3000
which was introduced in
2003.It has higher
production capacity than
Dref 2000.
This document discusses friction spinning, also known as Dref spinning. It is a textile technology suitable for spinning coarse yarn counts and technical core-wrapped yarns. Dref yarns have low tensile strength, making them suitable for blankets, mops, and filters. The technology was developed in 1975 and allows yarns like rayon and Kevlar to be spun. Friction spinning uses two friction surfaces to roll fibers into yarn with very little tension applied. This makes it more productive than other spinning methods like ring and rotor spinning. Developments
Fabric structure-and-design
The document provides an overview of looms and loom mechanisms. It discusses the basic components and functions of a loom, including the heald shaft, sley or lay, shuttle, shuttle box, picker, and reed. It describes how these components work together to form fabric by interlacing the warp and weft threads. The passage of materials through a typical loom is also illustrated in a diagram.
Yarn Hairiness
Hairiness is characterized by the quantity of freely moving fibre ends or fibre loops projecting from a yarn or textile fabric (woven, knitted or non woven fabrics).
In term of measurement Hairiness corresponds to the total length of the protruding fibres in unit length of one centimeter.
Moisture in textile
TOPICS COVERED: ASOLUTE AND RELATIVE HUMIDITY MOISTURE REGAIN AND CONTENT Regain-Humidity Relations of Textiles Regain VS Relative Humidity Curve Factors Affecting the Regain of Textile Materials Effect of moisture on properties
Draw Frame.
The document is a presentation about a draw frame machine. It defines a draw frame as a machine that blends, doubles and levels slivers of cotton by drafting and doubling them. It lists the key parts of the machine and describes the actions of drafting, doubling and drawing that take place. The tasks of the draw frame are to equalize, parallelize and blend slivers, while removing dust. The waste produced includes filter, clearer and sliver cut waste.
Yarn clearer presentationddd work1
This project studied the effect of different yarn clearer settings on yarn quality and winding productivity. Three yarn clearer settings were tested: close, moderate, and wide. The close setting resulted in the highest number of yarn fault cuts but best yarn quality metrics. The wide setting had the lowest number of cuts but worst quality. The moderate setting produced intermediate quality and productivity results. Productivity was highest for the wide setting and lowest for the close setting, while waste generation followed the opposite trend. In conclusion, the appropriate yarn clearer setting balances yarn quality and productivity, and must be determined through experimentation.
Winding machine 1
The document provides an overview of the preparatory processes for weaving, including winding, warping, sizing, and drawing-in. It focuses on winding, describing the key components of a winding machine like the balloon breaker, tensioner, and clearer. The mechanisms of winding include unwinding from the supply package, tensioning and clearing the yarn, and building the wound package. Tension is important for winding density and removing defects, and can be achieved through multiplicative, additive, disc, or compensation tension devices. The target audience is third year textile engineering students.
Rapier Loom
This document discusses the rapier loom and rapier weaving. It begins by defining a rapier loom as one that uses a rapier to pull the weft yarn across the loom. It can use a single or double rapier system. It then describes the key components and functioning of single and double rigid and flexible rapier systems. It also discusses different weft insertion principles like Dewas and Gabler systems as well as rapier drives, features of modern rapier looms, selvedge formation, weft insertion rates, and equations for calculating weaving production rates.
Determination of fiber length by comb sorter diagram
This document describes an experiment to determine cotton fiber length using a Shirley comb sorter. Key steps include:
1) Straightening and arranging cotton fibers within the comb sorter.
2) Removing fiber groups one by one and laying them out to create a fiber length distribution curve.
3) Analyzing the curve to determine fiber length parameters like maximum, upper quartile, effective, and modal lengths.
4) Calculating American and Indian staple fiber lengths as percentages of the effective length.
Winding process
The document discusses the process of preparing warp yarns for weaving. It describes how yarns are wound onto packages through several steps: unwinding from the cop, tensioning to maintain uniform winding, and clearing slubs and faults. It then explains the key components of an autoconer winding machine used for this process, including the cop holder, tension devices, yarn clearer, grooved drum, and stop motion that halts winding if the yarn breaks. Finally, it outlines the basic mechanisms of winding, including unwinding the yarn, applying tension, clearing faults, and forming packages ready for warping.
HVI- High Volume Instrument
The document discusses High Volume Instrument (HVI) testing. It begins with an introduction to HVI testing, describing how it automates traditional fiber bundle testing methods. It then covers the objectives, principles, and historical development of HVI testing. The document discusses the major HVI manufacturers and various HVI machines like the Uster HVI 1000. It describes the fiber properties measured by HVI and applications of HVI testing in areas like bale management systems. The document concludes that HVI testing allows for high accuracy fiber testing with minimal time.
FIBER LENGTH TESTING
This document discusses fibre length parameters and measurement methods. It defines mean length, upper quartile length, effective length, and span length. Common measurement techniques described are hand stapling, comb sorting, photoelectric methods like Fibrograph and Shirley stapler, and the WIRA machine. Comb sorting diagrams are analyzed. The document provides details on how each measurement method works and its advantages or limitations.
Fabric Assurance by Simple Testing (FAST)
FAST is a fabric testing system developed by CSIRO in Australia. It consists of four instruments (FAST 1-3) and one test (FAST 4) to predict how fabrics will perform when made into garments. The instruments measure properties like thickness, bending, extension, and stability. Results are plotted to create a "fabric fingerprint" showing suitability for intended use. Unlike other systems, FAST is cheaper, simpler, and better for industrial use.
Diamond & diaper design
This document discusses diamond and diaper fabric designs. Diamonds are symmetrical about vertical and horizontal axes and can be produced using point drafting and vertical waved twills. They converge to a vertex. Diapers are symmetrical along diagonal axes and use a herringbone draft. Key differences are that diamonds use a wavy twill construction while diapers use a herringbone twill. Both designs have characteristics like being divisible into quarters and having double the warp and weft yarns of basic twills. Diamonds and diapers are used for items like towels, bedding, and tablecloths.
Rapier loom
The document discusses the rapier loom, a type of shuttleless weaving loom. A rapier loom uses finger-like carriers called rapiers to pull the weft yarn across the loom between the warp yarns. There are two main types - single rigid rapier looms, which use one long rapier across the full width, and double rigid rapier looms, which use two rapiers entering from opposite sides to transfer the weft yarn. Rapier looms can operate at high speeds up to 1300 meters of weft per minute. They are flexible and can weave a wide range of fabrics from light to heavy weights.
Functions of jute drawing
This document discusses jute drawing and the jute drawing frame process. It begins by explaining the key functions of jute drawing which are to draft slivers to a count suitable for spinning, reduce weight irregularities, and straighten fibers. It then describes the two main types of jute drawing frames - push bar and spiral frames. The rest of the document provides details on the components and workings of the jute drawing frame, including definitions of terms like reach and nip. It explains how the drawing frame drafts slivers through the use of faller bars to produce an acceptable sliver for spinning.
Compact Spinning System
The compact spinning is a process where fiber strand drawn by drafting system is condensed before twisting it.Following methods are used by machine manufacturers to condense the fiber strand.
1. Aerodynamic condensing.
2. Mechanical condensing.
3. Magnetic condensing.
Compact spinning has a promising future because of the higher production and improved quality of compact yarns
knitting Machine parts, knittging action & cam system
This document describes the cam arrangement of a single jersey knitting machine. It discusses the main parts of the machine including the latch needles, sinkers, needle cylinder and various cams. It explains the knitting action of the latch needles and how the needle and sinker cams control different stages of the knitting cycle. The document also discusses needle and sinker timing and how adjusting these can affect fabric properties like weight and tightness. Finally, it provides an example of the cam system used in an interlock knitting machine.
Picking and its classification
This document discusses different types of picking and picking mechanisms used in weaving. It begins with an introduction to picking, which is the process of passing the weft yarn through the warp shed during weaving. It then describes various picking mechanisms including overpicking, underpicking, and cone overpick and underpick mechanisms. The document provides details on how these different mechanisms work to insert the weft yarn through the shed. It concludes with advantages and disadvantages of different weft insertion methods like projectile, rapier, air jet, and water jet looms.
Warping
1. Warping involves winding warp yarns from multiple packages onto a common beam. There are different types of warping including direct/beam warping and pattern/sectional warping.
2. Direct warping is used to produce warp beams for solid color fabrics directly from packages to the beam. Sectional warping is slower but used for short runs or complex patterns by making sections sequentially.
3. A warping machine has a creel to hold packages, a headstock to guide and tension yarns, and a control device. It measures and winds yarns uniformly to produce a warp beam meeting quality requirements.
HVI (High Volume Instrument )
The document discusses the USTER HVI 1000 system for testing cotton quality. It analyzes the key components of the system and how it determines various quality characteristics within seconds. The HVI 1000 measures fiber length, uniformity index, micronaire value, strength, elongation, color, trash count/grade and other factors. It provides a fast, objective replacement for human cotton classers and allows farmers, traders, researchers and spinners to efficiently evaluate cotton quality. The HVI 1000 has become a universal standard in the cotton industry for classifying cotton quality.
High Volume Instrument in QC Department of Textile Industry
The testing of fibers was always of importance to the spinner. It is done by the HVI machine. High volume instrument systems are based on the fiber bundle strength testing, ie, many fibers are checked at the same time and their average values determined. Traditional testing using micronaire, pressley, stelometre, and fibrous graph are designed to determine average value for a large number of fibers, the so called fibre bundle tests. In HVI, the bundle testing method is automated. Here, the time for testing is less and so the number of samples that could be processed is increased, quite considerably. The influence of operator is reduced.
More Related Content
What's hot
FRICTION SPINNING TECHNOLOGY, (M.S)
Dref system is Dref 3000
which was introduced in
2003.It has higher
production capacity than
Dref 2000.
This document discusses friction spinning, also known as Dref spinning. It is a textile technology suitable for spinning coarse yarn counts and technical core-wrapped yarns. Dref yarns have low tensile strength, making them suitable for blankets, mops, and filters. The technology was developed in 1975 and allows yarns like rayon and Kevlar to be spun. Friction spinning uses two friction surfaces to roll fibers into yarn with very little tension applied. This makes it more productive than other spinning methods like ring and rotor spinning. Developments
Fabric structure-and-design
The document provides an overview of looms and loom mechanisms. It discusses the basic components and functions of a loom, including the heald shaft, sley or lay, shuttle, shuttle box, picker, and reed. It describes how these components work together to form fabric by interlacing the warp and weft threads. The passage of materials through a typical loom is also illustrated in a diagram.
Yarn Hairiness
Hairiness is characterized by the quantity of freely moving fibre ends or fibre loops projecting from a yarn or textile fabric (woven, knitted or non woven fabrics).
In term of measurement Hairiness corresponds to the total length of the protruding fibres in unit length of one centimeter.
Moisture in textile
TOPICS COVERED: ASOLUTE AND RELATIVE HUMIDITY MOISTURE REGAIN AND CONTENT Regain-Humidity Relations of Textiles Regain VS Relative Humidity Curve Factors Affecting the Regain of Textile Materials Effect of moisture on properties
Draw Frame.
The document is a presentation about a draw frame machine. It defines a draw frame as a machine that blends, doubles and levels slivers of cotton by drafting and doubling them. It lists the key parts of the machine and describes the actions of drafting, doubling and drawing that take place. The tasks of the draw frame are to equalize, parallelize and blend slivers, while removing dust. The waste produced includes filter, clearer and sliver cut waste.
Yarn clearer presentationddd work1
This project studied the effect of different yarn clearer settings on yarn quality and winding productivity. Three yarn clearer settings were tested: close, moderate, and wide. The close setting resulted in the highest number of yarn fault cuts but best yarn quality metrics. The wide setting had the lowest number of cuts but worst quality. The moderate setting produced intermediate quality and productivity results. Productivity was highest for the wide setting and lowest for the close setting, while waste generation followed the opposite trend. In conclusion, the appropriate yarn clearer setting balances yarn quality and productivity, and must be determined through experimentation.
Winding machine 1
The document provides an overview of the preparatory processes for weaving, including winding, warping, sizing, and drawing-in. It focuses on winding, describing the key components of a winding machine like the balloon breaker, tensioner, and clearer. The mechanisms of winding include unwinding from the supply package, tensioning and clearing the yarn, and building the wound package. Tension is important for winding density and removing defects, and can be achieved through multiplicative, additive, disc, or compensation tension devices. The target audience is third year textile engineering students.
Rapier Loom
This document discusses the rapier loom and rapier weaving. It begins by defining a rapier loom as one that uses a rapier to pull the weft yarn across the loom. It can use a single or double rapier system. It then describes the key components and functioning of single and double rigid and flexible rapier systems. It also discusses different weft insertion principles like Dewas and Gabler systems as well as rapier drives, features of modern rapier looms, selvedge formation, weft insertion rates, and equations for calculating weaving production rates.
Determination of fiber length by comb sorter diagram
This document describes an experiment to determine cotton fiber length using a Shirley comb sorter. Key steps include:
1) Straightening and arranging cotton fibers within the comb sorter.
2) Removing fiber groups one by one and laying them out to create a fiber length distribution curve.
3) Analyzing the curve to determine fiber length parameters like maximum, upper quartile, effective, and modal lengths.
4) Calculating American and Indian staple fiber lengths as percentages of the effective length.
Winding process
The document discusses the process of preparing warp yarns for weaving. It describes how yarns are wound onto packages through several steps: unwinding from the cop, tensioning to maintain uniform winding, and clearing slubs and faults. It then explains the key components of an autoconer winding machine used for this process, including the cop holder, tension devices, yarn clearer, grooved drum, and stop motion that halts winding if the yarn breaks. Finally, it outlines the basic mechanisms of winding, including unwinding the yarn, applying tension, clearing faults, and forming packages ready for warping.
HVI- High Volume Instrument
The document discusses High Volume Instrument (HVI) testing. It begins with an introduction to HVI testing, describing how it automates traditional fiber bundle testing methods. It then covers the objectives, principles, and historical development of HVI testing. The document discusses the major HVI manufacturers and various HVI machines like the Uster HVI 1000. It describes the fiber properties measured by HVI and applications of HVI testing in areas like bale management systems. The document concludes that HVI testing allows for high accuracy fiber testing with minimal time.
FIBER LENGTH TESTING
This document discusses fibre length parameters and measurement methods. It defines mean length, upper quartile length, effective length, and span length. Common measurement techniques described are hand stapling, comb sorting, photoelectric methods like Fibrograph and Shirley stapler, and the WIRA machine. Comb sorting diagrams are analyzed. The document provides details on how each measurement method works and its advantages or limitations.
Fabric Assurance by Simple Testing (FAST)
FAST is a fabric testing system developed by CSIRO in Australia. It consists of four instruments (FAST 1-3) and one test (FAST 4) to predict how fabrics will perform when made into garments. The instruments measure properties like thickness, bending, extension, and stability. Results are plotted to create a "fabric fingerprint" showing suitability for intended use. Unlike other systems, FAST is cheaper, simpler, and better for industrial use.
Diamond & diaper design
This document discusses diamond and diaper fabric designs. Diamonds are symmetrical about vertical and horizontal axes and can be produced using point drafting and vertical waved twills. They converge to a vertex. Diapers are symmetrical along diagonal axes and use a herringbone draft. Key differences are that diamonds use a wavy twill construction while diapers use a herringbone twill. Both designs have characteristics like being divisible into quarters and having double the warp and weft yarns of basic twills. Diamonds and diapers are used for items like towels, bedding, and tablecloths.
Rapier loom
The document discusses the rapier loom, a type of shuttleless weaving loom. A rapier loom uses finger-like carriers called rapiers to pull the weft yarn across the loom between the warp yarns. There are two main types - single rigid rapier looms, which use one long rapier across the full width, and double rigid rapier looms, which use two rapiers entering from opposite sides to transfer the weft yarn. Rapier looms can operate at high speeds up to 1300 meters of weft per minute. They are flexible and can weave a wide range of fabrics from light to heavy weights.
Functions of jute drawing
This document discusses jute drawing and the jute drawing frame process. It begins by explaining the key functions of jute drawing which are to draft slivers to a count suitable for spinning, reduce weight irregularities, and straighten fibers. It then describes the two main types of jute drawing frames - push bar and spiral frames. The rest of the document provides details on the components and workings of the jute drawing frame, including definitions of terms like reach and nip. It explains how the drawing frame drafts slivers through the use of faller bars to produce an acceptable sliver for spinning.
Compact Spinning System
The compact spinning is a process where fiber strand drawn by drafting system is condensed before twisting it.Following methods are used by machine manufacturers to condense the fiber strand.
1. Aerodynamic condensing.
2. Mechanical condensing.
3. Magnetic condensing.
Compact spinning has a promising future because of the higher production and improved quality of compact yarns
knitting Machine parts, knittging action & cam system
This document describes the cam arrangement of a single jersey knitting machine. It discusses the main parts of the machine including the latch needles, sinkers, needle cylinder and various cams. It explains the knitting action of the latch needles and how the needle and sinker cams control different stages of the knitting cycle. The document also discusses needle and sinker timing and how adjusting these can affect fabric properties like weight and tightness. Finally, it provides an example of the cam system used in an interlock knitting machine.
Picking and its classification
This document discusses different types of picking and picking mechanisms used in weaving. It begins with an introduction to picking, which is the process of passing the weft yarn through the warp shed during weaving. It then describes various picking mechanisms including overpicking, underpicking, and cone overpick and underpick mechanisms. The document provides details on how these different mechanisms work to insert the weft yarn through the shed. It concludes with advantages and disadvantages of different weft insertion methods like projectile, rapier, air jet, and water jet looms.
Warping
1. Warping involves winding warp yarns from multiple packages onto a common beam. There are different types of warping including direct/beam warping and pattern/sectional warping.
2. Direct warping is used to produce warp beams for solid color fabrics directly from packages to the beam. Sectional warping is slower but used for short runs or complex patterns by making sections sequentially.
3. A warping machine has a creel to hold packages, a headstock to guide and tension yarns, and a control device. It measures and winds yarns uniformly to produce a warp beam meeting quality requirements.
What's hot (20)
Determination of fiber length by comb sorter diagram
Determination of fiber length by comb sorter diagram
knitting Machine parts, knittging action & cam system
knitting Machine parts, knittging action & cam system
Viewers also liked
HVI (High Volume Instrument )
The document discusses the USTER HVI 1000 system for testing cotton quality. It analyzes the key components of the system and how it determines various quality characteristics within seconds. The HVI 1000 measures fiber length, uniformity index, micronaire value, strength, elongation, color, trash count/grade and other factors. It provides a fast, objective replacement for human cotton classers and allows farmers, traders, researchers and spinners to efficiently evaluate cotton quality. The HVI 1000 has become a universal standard in the cotton industry for classifying cotton quality.
High Volume Instrument in QC Department of Textile Industry
The testing of fibers was always of importance to the spinner. It is done by the HVI machine. High volume instrument systems are based on the fiber bundle strength testing, ie, many fibers are checked at the same time and their average values determined. Traditional testing using micronaire, pressley, stelometre, and fibrous graph are designed to determine average value for a large number of fibers, the so called fibre bundle tests. In HVI, the bundle testing method is automated. Here, the time for testing is less and so the number of samples that could be processed is increased, quite considerably. The influence of operator is reduced.
Hvi 1000
The document discusses the USTER HVI 1000, a cotton fiber testing instrument produced by USTER. It measures important cotton fiber properties and has been the global reference tool for cotton classification for over 30 years. The USTER HVI 1000 can test up to 3,700 samples in an 8-hour shift and measures fiber attributes like micronaire, length, strength, color and trash content. It provides accurate and reliable results that are independent of the operator.
Afis
AFIS is an automated fingerprint identification system launched in 1999 that stores fingerprints, mug shots, physical descriptions, aliases, and other evidence like DNA from fingerprints to identify criminals who have committed crimes. It allows law enforcement to match fingerprints found at crime scenes to those in its database in order to solve cases.
Testes Fisicos De Controle De Qualidade Da Fibra E Fio De Algodao
O documento discute os principais testes físicos realizados no algodão e no fio de algodão para controle de qualidade, incluindo teste de comprimento, finura, resistência, cor e presença de impurezas. Também aborda os instrumentos usados nesses testes e sua importância para a classificação da qualidade do algodão.
Types of industry and textile industry
The document defines key terms related to industries and the textile industry in India. It defines industry, industrial dispute, and workman. It describes different types of industries including cottage industries, small scale industries, and heavy industries. Small scale industries play an important role in the Indian economy through production, employment, and exports. They contribute significantly to industrial output and employment.
Yarn Count
Yarn count expresses the coarseness or fineness of yarn and is measured using various systems. There are indirect and direct count systems, with indirect systems like cotton using length per unit weight and direct systems like jute using weight per unit length. Various instruments can measure count, including the quadrant balance for short lengths, warp reel and balance method for longer lengths, and Beesley's balance for small fabric samples. Count affects properties like thickness and strength and is an important consideration in textile manufacturing.
Effluent treatment process
This presentation deals about the basic idea sharing of effluent treatment process for textile industry.
Textile Industry
The Indian textile industry is a major contributor to the Indian economy, generating $18.73 billion in exports and employing over 35 million people. It encompasses various sectors such as cotton, man-made fibers, wool, silk, handlooms and handicrafts. While India has strengths like low costs and a large skilled workforce, the industry is fragmented and faces threats from competition abroad and within India. To capitalize on new opportunities, industry players must invest in product development, technology, and integrated manufacturing capabilities.
Textile industry analysis
This document analyzes the Indian textile industry. It provides an overview of the industry, noting that it contributes significantly to India's GDP and employment. It also profiles major players in the industry like Raymond and discusses Porter's Five Forces analysis, a PEST analysis, financial ratios for key companies, and a SWOT analysis of Raymond. The document presents a high-level examination of the Indian textile industry landscape.
ETP- Effluent Treatment Plant
This document describes the effluent treatment plant (ETP) of Delta Knit Composite Ltd. The ETP uses a biological treatment process to treat 120 m3/hr of industrial wastewater. The treatment process includes screening, equalization, pH correction, aeration, sedimentation, sludge thickening, and recycling of sludge. The ETP is able to reduce pollutants in the wastewater and produce treated effluent that can be safely discharged and dried sludge.
Effluent Treatment Plant(ETP)
The document describes the effluent treatment plant (ETP) at Rourkela Steel Plant. The ETP treats wastewater from the Gas Cleaning Plant and recycles it for further use. The wastewater contains high levels of suspended solids that are removed through a multi-step process involving flash mixing with coagulants, settling in clarifiers, dewatering using a filter press, and recycling of treated water. The ETP is designed to treat 1140 cubic meters of wastewater per hour to reduce costs and conserve water resources.
Presentation on software use in textile.
This document provides an overview of various software used in the textile industry, summarizing several fiber, yarn, fabric and garment software options. It discusses the features and benefits of software for ginning, spinning, weaving, knitting and other textile processes. Examples highlighted include GinWare for fiber management, Yarn Master for yarn brokers, and Spinsoft as a specialized ERP for the spinning industry. The document serves to introduce students to different textile software applications.
Identification of textile fibers.
This document discusses various methods for identifying textile fibers, including non-technical and technical tests. Non-technical tests include feeling, burning, and microscopic analysis. The burning test observes each fiber's reaction to heat, including flame characteristics, odor, and ash properties. Technical tests like microscopic examination and chemical analysis require specialized equipment and knowledge but can more precisely identify fiber blends and properties. Microscopy reveals unique structures of natural and man-made fibers. Chemical tests use solvents and reagents to distinguish fibers based on their different solubility properties.
Efflunt treatment plant ppt
The document discusses effluent treatment plants. It describes effluent as liquid waste flowing from various sources and outlines the key stages of industrial wastewater treatment and sewage treatment. These include pre-treatment, screening, grit removal, primary treatment using sedimentation, secondary treatment using biological processes, and sometimes tertiary treatment for advanced cleaning. Sludge produced is also treated and disposed of safely.
Effluent Treatment Plant Design, Operation And Analysis Of Waste Water
Contents
1. Introduction to Effluent Treatment Plant (ETP)
1.1 Use of water in industries
1.2 Industrial waste water sources
1.3 Effluent Treatment Plant
1.4 National Standards for waste water
1.5 What do these standards means?
1.6 Waste water treatment
1.7 Planning an Effluent Treatment Plant : Factors to Consider
2. Treatment Methods
2.1 Physical Unit Operations
2.2 Chemical Unit Processes
2.3 Biological Unit Processes
3. Operation and control
3.1 Mixed liquor suspended solids
3.2 Sludge Volume Index and Sludge Density Index
3.3 Sludge Age; Mean Cell Residence Time (MCRT)
3.4 Food/Mass Ratio
3.5 Constant MLSS
3.6 Return Activated Sludge Control (RAS)
4. Choosing an Effluent Treatment Plant
4.1 Biological Treatment
4.2 Physico-Chemical Treatment
4.3 Physico-Chemical and Biological Treatment
4.4 Area Requirement Comparison
4.5 Cost Comparison
5. Chemical Analysis of Waste Water
5.1 Commonly used chemicals
5.2 Chemical Tests and procedures
Viewers also liked (16)
High Volume Instrument in QC Department of Textile Industry
High Volume Instrument in QC Department of Textile Industry
Testes Fisicos De Controle De Qualidade Da Fibra E Fio De Algodao
Testes Fisicos De Controle De Qualidade Da Fibra E Fio De Algodao
Effluent Treatment Plant Design, Operation And Analysis Of Waste Water
Effluent Treatment Plant Design, Operation And Analysis Of Waste Water
Similar to Advanced fiber information system
ADVANCED FIBER INFORMATION SYSTEM (AFIS).pptx
The document describes the Advanced Fiber Information System (AFIS), which provides quick and accurate fiber property measurements. It separates fibers individually using an aeromechanical fiber individualizer. Electro-optical sensors then measure fiber properties like length, diameter and neps. Data is analyzed to provide distributions of fiber characteristics. AFIS applications include analyzing card neps, fiber length for various processes, and trash content to evaluate material quality. It offers advantages over conventional testing like higher accuracy, speed, and avoiding human error.
HVI slide.pptx
The document discusses the High Volume Instrument (HVI) machine, which tests cotton fiber properties quickly and accurately. It can test fiber length, strength, maturity, micronaire, and other properties. HVI systems test fiber bundles from many fibers at once to determine average values. The USTER HVI 1000 is available with optional barcode readers or UPS. HVI testing provides results for many fiber properties, including micronaire, length, strength, color, and trash content. It can test 180 samples per hour with only 2 operators. HVI testing is faster, more significant and standardized than traditional hand testing of fiber properties.
Modern machines in Textile Industres
This document provides an overview of the USTER AFIS-PRO fiber analysis system and its modules. It describes the nep module which can individually classify fiber neps and seed coat neps based on their distinct electrical waveforms. It also discusses the fiber individualizer which can run up to 30 samples at a time, and uses optical sensors to measure fiber length, trash and dust, short fiber content, and maturity through analysis of each fiber's shape from two angles.
A REVIEW OF DETECTION OF STRUCTURAL VARIABILITY IN TEXTILES USING IMAGE PROCE...
A REVIEW OF DETECTION OF STRUCTURAL VARIABILITY IN TEXTILES USING IMAGE PROCE...Journal For Research
As a result of globalization & also increasing competition, it has become very important for any industry to develop solutions regarding the quality of products. Effective monitoring and control, better data predictions, quick response to query is necessary for effective Quality Control. For a long time the fabric defects inspection process is still carried out with human visual inspection. However, they cannot detect more than 60% of the overall defects for the fabric if it is moving at a faster rate and thus the process becomes insufficient and costly. Therefore, automatic fabric defect inspection is required to reduce the cost and time waste caused by defects. Studies have been carried out in this area, where in different inspection systems for detection of defects and properties of fibers, yarns and fabrics have been looked upon. The purpose of this paper is to categorize and describe the same. In this paper an attempt has been made to present the survey on these different inspection systems for detection of defects and properties in various areas of textiles and its role in the overall quality control.
International conference textiles and fashion
This document summarizes research on characterizing yarn diameter using different measurement techniques. Several commercial instruments and laboratory methods are described that use optical, capacitive, or combined principles to measure yarn diameter and irregularity. Data from tests on various yarns using Uster Tester 4, QQM-3, and Lawson-Hemphill systems were analyzed using a MATLAB program. The program revealed the yarn diameter data was better characterized by a bimodal rather than normal distribution, highlighting limitations of some commercial instrument analyses. Further analysis of the bimodal data distribution provided more detailed information about yarn diameter characteristics.
Air jet-spinning-of-cotton-yarns
This technical bulletin summarizes air jet spinning of cotton yarns using Murata Vortex Spinner (MVS) technology. Key points:
1) MVS machines can produce yarns at high speeds and excel at fine yarn counts from Ne 40/1-60/1. Proper fiber selection and preparation are important for quality results.
2) Compared to ring spinning, MVS yarns have lower tenacity but improved smoothness and fiber alignment. New developments allow production of softer hand MVS fabrics.
3) Extensive research by Cotton Incorporated has optimized fiber and machine parameters for high quality 100% cotton MVS yarns and fabrics.
Hairiness of-yarns
This document discusses hairiness in yarns and various methods for measuring it. Hairiness refers to protruding fibers, loops, and wild fibers on yarn surfaces. While it adds texture, hairiness can cause issues in downstream processing and the quality of finished fabrics. The document describes several photoelectric devices that use light beams and photocells to quickly and objectively measure hairiness over different fiber lengths, providing advantages over older microscopic methods.
005 characterization-of-yarn-diameter-measured-on-different
This document summarizes a study that characterized yarn diameter measured using different instruments. Several commercial instruments were used to measure yarn diameter including the Uster tester 4, Lawson Hemphill YAS system, QQM3, and optical microscope. The data obtained from these instruments was analyzed using the D-yarn program which found that yarn diameter often has a bimodal distribution, in contrast to Uster tester results that assume a normal distribution. Further analysis of test data from one yarn found significant differences between the Uster histogram and results from the D-yarn program, which fitted the data to a two Gaussian distribution revealing the bimodal nature of the yarn diameter.
IRJET- Real Time Vision System for Thread Counting in Woven Fabric
This document presents a real-time vision system for automatically counting threads in woven fabrics. It begins with an introduction to woven fabrics and the traditional manual method of counting threads, which is time-consuming and prone to errors. It then describes a proposed automated system using image processing techniques like blob detection and feature matching to track fabric motion and recognize warp and weft counts in real-time with high accuracy. The system is tested on denim fabric and is able to accurately count the number of warp and weft threads in the sample image. The automated approach provides an improvement over manual counting by reducing labor costs and eliminating human errors.
Fibrogragh
The document discusses the fibrograph machine, which analyzes cotton fiber length and uniformity. It scans fiber samples using photoelectric cells and produces a length-frequency curve called a fibrograph. Key information included:
- The fibrograph prepares fiber samples using a comb to pick fibers randomly from a cylinder sample.
- It optically scans the fibers from base to tip to analyze fiber length parameters like mean length and uniformity index.
- These measurements provide objective and reproducible analysis of fiber length and uniformity compared to other testing methods.
- The document outlines the machine components, testing process, data analysis, and limitations of the fibrograph method.
Artificial Neural Networks for footwear industry
The document discusses the history and concepts of artificial neural networks (ANNs). Some key points:
- ANNs were inspired by biological neural systems and are composed of interconnected neurons that can learn from examples.
- Early work in the 1940s-1950s involved modeling simple neural functions, but interest declined after researchers showed perceptrons could not solve XOR problems.
- The backpropagation learning method from 1974 allowed multi-layer networks to be trained and regain interest in the 1980s for applications in domains like medicine and marketing.
- ANNs are now used widely in industries like footwear manufacturing for tasks like predicting process outcomes, classifying materials, and identifying production parameters.
yarn count in friction spinning
1. The study investigated the spinning limits and yarn properties of cotton, viscose, and polyester fibers spun on a Dref-3 friction spinning machine across different yarn counts.
2. The spinning limit, defined as the finest yarn count that can be spun with acceptable quality and breakage rate, was found to depend on fiber type and ranged from 33-311 tex for the fibers studied.
3. As yarn count decreased, yarn properties like unevenness and imperfections generally increased for all fiber types due to poorer fiber separation and increased irregularities introduced during drafting. Twists also increased with finer counts.
4. Tensile properties responded differently for different fibers - they remained fairly constant
Smart Textile with Plain Weave Structure Using Hetero-Core Optical Fiber Sens...
1st International Conference on Intelligent Autonomous Systems(ICoIAS2018)
Yuya Koyama, Michiko Nishiyama, Kazuhiro Watanabe
Faculty of science and engineering, Dept. of Information Systems Science, Soka University
20120140503007
This document discusses a study on the utility and functional characteristics of garments made from woven fabrics blended with bamboo and polyester yarns. Samples of woven fabrics were produced with different blend ratios of bamboo to polyester, weave types (plain, twill), and pick densities. The fabrics were tested for properties such as tensile strength, tearing strength, abrasion resistance, and pilling propensity. The results showed that twill woven fabrics with 2/30s bamboo in the warp direction and a blend of 30% bamboo and 70% polyester exhibited higher tensile strength, tearing strength, abrasion resistance, and lower pilling propensity compared to other fabric samples.
Presentation on Card-Spinning System
This document presents information on a card spinning system. The goal of the project is to develop more efficient machines and processes to reduce the number of steps in short staple yarn manufacturing. It describes the card spinning process which uses a carding machine to individualize and orient fibers before they are drafted, had twist inserted via a spinning nozzle, and wound onto a cone. Raw materials that can be used include various fibers like polyamide and polyester. The conclusion is that the presentation helps develop understanding of the card spinning system to benefit future careers.
Asbestos exposure measurement investigation using Analytical Transmission Ele...
2014 Conference on Monitoring and Surveillance of #Asbestos-Related Diseases.
Dimensional criteria of fibers counted in industrial hygiene have been defined by WHO as the fibers having a length greater than 5 microns, a diameter less than 3 microns and a ratio length/diameter greater than 3. But the PCM technique is limited and can only count fibers whose diameter is between 3 and 0.2 micrometers. But the asbestos fibers may have a diameter of 0.02 microns (20 nanometers) for the finest of them. With ATEM, it is possible firstly to observe thinner and smaller fibers and, above all, to differentiate asbestos fibers from other mineral fibers (by chemical analysis and electron diffraction techniques).
Technology of-short-staple-spinning 2
This document provides an overview of short-staple spinning technology from the blow room to the ring frame. It discusses key aspects like raw material characteristics, opening, carding, cleaning, blending, drafting, yarn formation and winding. Raw material properties like fiber fineness, length, strength and cleanliness influence aspects of spinning like productivity, yarn strength and evenness. The document contains detailed information on fiber length distribution through staple diagrams and different diagram forms. It also provides an index of topics covered.
Recent development in needle punching nonwoven manufacturing
This document provides details on the production and testing of nonwoven fabrics made from reclaimed fibers using needle punching. It describes the methodology used, including refiberizing textile waste into fibers, forming a web through carding or air laying, needle punching the web to bond the fibers, and optionally calendering the fabric. It discusses how machine parameters like needle density and punching speed influence fabric properties. The properties tested include thickness, strength, bonding strength between layers, and air permeability. The goal is to compare nonwovens made from reclaimed fibers to ordinary nonwovens and evaluate their potential use in filtration applications.
Flax
This document discusses the production of linen yarn from flax fiber. It begins by providing background on flax, including its botanical name and classification. It then describes the key steps in manufacturing linen yarn from flax, including harvesting flax plants, extracting the fibers through retting processes, dressing the fibers by breaking, scutching, and hackling, and cottonizing the fibers for spinning into yarn. The document also discusses the chemical composition of flax fiber and different methods for cottonizing flax fibers, including chemical, enzymatic, ultrasound, and steam explosion processes.
Flax
This document discusses the production of linen yarn from flax fiber. It begins by providing background on flax, including its botanical name and classification. It then describes the key steps in manufacturing linen yarn from flax, including harvesting flax plants, extracting the fibers through retting processes, dressing the fibers by breaking, scutching, and hackling, and cottonizing the fibers for spinning into yarn. The document also discusses the chemical composition of flax fiber and different methods for cottonizing flax fibers, including chemical, enzymatic, ultrasound, and steam explosion processes.
Similar to Advanced fiber information system (20)
A REVIEW OF DETECTION OF STRUCTURAL VARIABILITY IN TEXTILES USING IMAGE PROCE...
A REVIEW OF DETECTION OF STRUCTURAL VARIABILITY IN TEXTILES USING IMAGE PROCE...
005 characterization-of-yarn-diameter-measured-on-different
005 characterization-of-yarn-diameter-measured-on-different
IRJET- Real Time Vision System for Thread Counting in Woven Fabric
IRJET- Real Time Vision System for Thread Counting in Woven Fabric
Smart Textile with Plain Weave Structure Using Hetero-Core Optical Fiber Sens...
Smart Textile with Plain Weave Structure Using Hetero-Core Optical Fiber Sens...
Asbestos exposure measurement investigation using Analytical Transmission Ele...
Asbestos exposure measurement investigation using Analytical Transmission Ele...
Recent development in needle punching nonwoven manufacturing
Recent development in needle punching nonwoven manufacturing
Advanced fiber information system
- 2. In textile industry raw material is the most dominant factor as it contributes 50-75% in total manufacturing cost. In quality conscious scenario, quality of raw material plays a vital role. But the quality of raw material is decided by measuring its properties. Now measurement through conventional techniques is very laborious and time consuming. Hence the researchers focus their attention towards the inventions of such instrument, which gives accurate and quick result and one of the wonderful development is AFIS - Advanced fibre information system.
- 3. The AFIS method is based on aeromechanical fibre processing, similar to opening and carding, followed by electro-optical sensing and then by high speed microprocessor based computing and data reporting as shown in Figure.
- 5. A fibre sample is introduced into the system and is processed through a fibre individualizer, which aero mechanically separates the sample into three components consisting of cleaned fibre, micro dust, and trash. Each of these components is transported in a separate pneumatic path and may be analysed electro-optically or by other means. The data processing and reporting are handled by an industrialized PC. AFIS provides basic single fibre information and is distinguished from earlier and existing methods by providing distributions of the basic fibre properties. These distribution measurements provide more accurate, precise, and basic information about fibre.
- 6. I) Lengths by number (n): Fibre length by number is the length of the individual fibres. This method measures the length of each fibre and places them into length categories. These categories are added together to obtain the length measurement for short fibre and average or mean length.
- 8. Length by number measurements is pure measurements that are not influenced by the weight of the fibres. Typically this means that the length by number results are always shorter than the same sample tested using the by weight method. In textile processing, it is recommended that the length by number be used to determine machine and equipment settings and also to determine fibre damage as represented by short fibre content. Instrument such as the AFIS is capable of providing the length by number information.
- 10. The Advanced Fibre Information System (AFIS) was developed to measure traditional fibre neps (entanglements) often times called mechanical neps. A recent breakthrough development has furthered the technology for classifying neps into two categories fibre neps and seed coat neps. AFIS nep classification is the newest addition to the modular AFIS system providing a more detailed summary of nep type imperfections from ginned cotton through carded and combed sliver.
- 11. The lint channel contains fibres, short fibres, mechanical neps and seed coats with fibres attached. The trash channel contains trash, dust, some fibre fragments and very large seed coats with little or no attached fibre. The seed coats, which remain with the fibre during opening are termed seed coat neps by the AFIS. These are masses that are most likely to remain with the good fibre during the textile opening, cleaning, carding, and combing processes. Large seed coats, termed seed coat fragments, are collected in the trash port of the AFIS and are more easily removed from the fibre.