The document discusses the shift towards renewable energy, highlighting solar and wind as cost-effective sources while addressing the limitations of lithium-ion batteries in energy storage. Alternatives like flow batteries, exemplified by companies such as Primus Power and ESS Inc., are presented as solutions to the drawbacks of lithium-ion technology. The text emphasizes the importance of innovation in energy storage to support the transition to a more sustainable and efficient energy future.

1. CAN WE POWER THE FUTURE WITHOUT FUEL?
Energy efficiency:Is it upgrading?
“The future is not going to be the mirror of the past.”
Solar Energy and Wind Energy are having sovereignty in the energy generation and storage
dimensions. Solar and Wind energy are the least expensive ways of electricity generation.
Over the past decades, prices for solar panels and wind farms have reached all-time low. It is
said that innovation is the key. Lithium-ion came into the arena becoming the leading energy
storage technology. However, the prices of lithium-ion batteries have remained too high. The
energy sector has been facing the glitch to find a firm storage source for the renewable energy.
Lithium-ion has been proven as an efficient alternative.
Tesla has used lithium-ion in its Home Battery (Power Wall) and in the Utility Scale System
(Power Pack).
Certain cons of lithium-ion are a set back which may result to a hazardous aftermath.
Samsung had to recall 2.5 million Galaxy note 7s over battery fires.
Lenovo recalled 80,000 laptops as potential fire hazards.
These are the main reasons for the inefficiency of lithium-ion:
 The prices for lithium-ion have been dropping.
 It will remain expensive for grid scale application.
 Cannot store energy for more than 4 hours at price point.
 Inherits fire risk.
 Its ability to hold charge fades over time.

2. What is the best alternative for lithium-ion?
The best and effective alternative for lithium-ion is Flow Battery.
Flow battery stores liquid electrolyte in its external tanks.
The energy from the external and the main tank are de-coupled. Whereas in lithium-ion, the
electrolyte is stored within the battery.
The external placement of tanks makes it face less fire issues compared to lithium-ion.
Here is the best fit in the business: PRIMUS POWER
PRIMUS POWER is a California based company founded in 2009 by Tom Stepien.
Primus Power uses the chemistry of zinc-bromide in their flow battery.
Uniqueness is the spice
Primus Power’s simplified system makes it different from other manufacturers. Normally, flow
battery has 2 external tanks whereas Primus Power has 1 tank.
This single tank helps to separate chemical species like taking advantage of density difference
between zinc-bromine and bromine itself & more aqueous portion of the electrolyte.
Qualitative competition is often an encouragementtowards betterment
ESS Inc.
ESS Inc. is an ion flow battery manufacturing company founded in 2011 by Craig Evans.
ESS Inc. produces systems larger than Primus Power.
Designed batteries are placed in a shipping container which can provide 100kW to 33kW from
4hrs to 12hrs.
Here, the electrolyte is made of Iron, salt and water.

3. It’s not about the ideas, it’s about making ideas happen
Antora Energy: Living the idea.
Antora Energy was founded in 2017 by Justin Briggs.
The excess electricity in the grid their cheap carbon blocks insulated inside a container.
That energy is converted back to electricity when needed.
Converting electricityto air, is it possible?
Making it impossible: HYDROSTOR
Hydrostor is a company based in Toronto.
Hydrostor converts surplus electricity to compressed air.
This is a UK and USA based high view power.
They do cryogenic storage: Using excess energy to cool down air to a point where it liquidifies
Revolutionizing future of powerwithout fuel
To curb the depletion of natural resources, the switch from non-renewable energy sources to
renewable energy sources is a must! Renewable energy storage industry is growing strong with
the upcoming innovations in technology.
Not only will this save the resources but will make energy and electricity cost effective for
laymen. Electric vehicles prevail in the market. Unfortunately, only 2.2% people from the
world use it.
We are the ones responsible for the rising pace of this upgradation. The question remains
whether, people will switch to renewable energy sources or not!