Modal perfect with pictures
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This document provides instruction on how to use different modal perfect tenses in English, including must have, may/might/could have, can't/couldn't have, could have, should have, shouldn't have, and needn't have followed by a past participle. Examples are given for each modal perfect tense to illustrate its meaning and appropriate usage in different situations, such as expressing certainty, possibility, impossibility, regret, criticism, or that an action was unnecessary in the past. Students are provided prompts asking them to suggest appropriate responses using the modal perfect tenses.
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Perfect modals; use and clear examples with funny pictures
The document discusses various modal verbs used with past participles to indicate different levels of certainty or possibility about past events, including:
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Modal verbs provide additional meaning to the main verb of a sentence regarding areas such as ability, permission, obligation, offers, and probability. There are single concept modals that have one meaning and double concept modals that have two meanings depending on context. Modal verbs do not conjugate or take infinitives and have imperfect tense formation. They are used to express concepts like permission, obligation, ability, advice, and recommendations in both the present and past.
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There are four types of conditional sentences in English. This document focuses on the zero conditional and first conditional. The zero conditional uses the simple present tense and describes situations that are always true, such as "If I go to school, I get up at seven." The first conditional uses "will" in the main clause and the present tense in the if-clause to speculate about possible future situations, like "If he studies hard, he'll pass the exams." Examples are provided to illustrate the structures of the zero and first conditional sentences.
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Modal verbs provide additional meaning to the main verb of a sentence by expressing concepts like possibility, permission, obligation, and advice. They do not conjugate or take infinitives and have irregular forms. Modal verbs can have single or double meanings depending on context and are sometimes used with "have" to express actions in the past. Common modal verbs include can, could, may, might, must, shall, should, ought to, will, would, be able to, and have to. Modal verbs are a useful tool for modifying verbs to express nuanced meanings.
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Modal perfect with pictures
- 1. MODAL PERFECT 9/01/18 2nd BATXILLERAT. IES A.MAURA Laura Cambril
- 2. Must have + past participle You are certain about something that happened in the past. Logical deduction in the past Look! They must have won the lottery.
- 3. What would you say in these situations?
- 4. May/might/could+have+past participle Possibility in the past (not sure) What happened before? • She may/might/could have failed an exam. • She may / might / could have received bad news.
- 6. Can’t / Couldn’t have+ past participle 100% sure that something is not true; it is impossible She can’t have had a healthy life.
- 7. What can’t they have done? 9/01/18
- 8. COULD+HAVE+PAST PARTICIPLE To suggest an alternative that hasn’t been done You (you and your classmates) wanted to travel to New York at the end of the school year. The journey cost 1000€ but you only got 500€. It’s obvious that you didn’t do enough things to get the money. Suggest what you could have done to get it! We could have sold more lottery tickets. We could have organised a small market.
- 9. What could have you done in these situations? 9/01/18 They have lots of money, but they bought this car. The weather forecast was wrong, it din’t rain at the end.
- 10. I failed all the subjects You should have studied more. Should+have+past participle Things you should have done but you didn’t do. Regrets
- 11. What would you say in these situations? I don’t have anything to eat in the fridge. And now I’m hungry. Your boyfriend/girlfriend ended your relationship because of your behaviour. 9/01/18
- 12. Shouldn’t have+ past participle Criticism. Something was done but it wasn’t a good idea Your friend had this attitude in an interview. Of course he/she didn’t get the job. You say: “You shouldn’t have been so rude”.
- 13. What do you regret in these situations? 9/01/18 I ate too much during Christmas.
- 14. Needn’t have+ past participle Some action was not necessary. I bought my girlfriend some chocolates, but she doesn’t like sweets. 9/01/18 I needn’t have bought them.
- 15. EX: I'm sure John locked the office before leaving. He always does. John must have locked the office before leaving. It was a mistake to sell the house. I wish I hadn't. Perhaps John knew about the trip, but I'm not sure. I'm sure he didn't lock the door. He never does. Perhaps she was at work when the earthquake struck. It's quite possible that they went away last weekend. It was a mistake not to accept his offer. I wish I had. I don't think Ann robbed the money. It's impossible. I regret selling the house. It was not necessary to feed the cat. My mum had already done it. Rephrasing