This document discusses principles of body mechanics and effects on the integumentary system. It outlines several principles of proper body mechanics that can help conserve energy and avoid injury, such as maintaining balance and stability, performing pelvic tilts, facing the direction of work, moving objects on a level surface close to the body, and using smooth continuous movements. It also defines several types of skin injuries or conditions that can result from pressure, shear forces, abrasions, or prolonged moisture contact like maceration.

1. MOBILITY AND BODY
MECHANICS
Mr. Mahesh Chand
Lecturer
Bansur Nursing College

9. PRINCIPLES OF BODY MECHANICS
 Proper balancing of all body parts helps to conserve energy.
 Stability of the body is maintained by having a grater base of
support.
 Injury on the lower back can be avoided by performing pelvic
tilt before the activity.
 Facing the direction of work will help to avoid the chances of
injury.
 Moving an object on a level surface require less effort.
 Holding an object close to the body require less energy.
 Smooth continuous movements are easier and safe than sudden
sharp or uncontrolled movements.
 Using rhythmic movements at normal speed require less energy.

13. EFFECTS ON INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM
• Pressure Ulcer is any lesion caused by unrelieved
pressure that leads to damage of the underlying tissue.
• Shear is a mechanical force that acts on an area of the
skin in a direction parallel to the body’s surface.
• Excoriation is an injury to the epidermis caused by
abrasion, scratching, burn, chemical.
• Maceration is a softening of the epidermis caused by a
prolonged contact with moisture such as from a wet
sheet or diaper