This document discusses health, safety, and security issues in the workplace. It covers topics such as legal requirements for workplace safety under laws like OSHA, approaches to effective safety management, health promotion programs, addressing substance abuse and violence in the workplace, and global health and security concerns. Specific issues covered include hazard communication standards, injury prevention, health screening and wellness initiatives, emergency preparedness, and international risks. The overall document provides an overview of ensuring employee well-being and protecting organizations from risks.

1. Copyright © 2005 Thomson Business & Professional Publishing.
All rights reserved.
ROBERT L. MATHIS
JOHN H. JACKSON
PowerPoint Presentation by Charlie Cook
The University of West Alabama
Health, Safety, and SecurityHealth, Safety, and Security
Chapter 15Chapter 15
SECTION 5SECTION 5
EmployeeEmployee
RelationsRelations

2. Copyright © 2005 Thomson Business & Professional 15–2
Learning ObjectivesLearning ObjectivesLearning ObjectivesLearning Objectives
• After you have read this chapter, you should be able to:
 Define health, safety, and security and explain three legal areas
of concern.
 Identify the basic provisions of the Occupational Safety and
Health Act of 1970 and recordkeeping and inspection
requirements.
 Discuss the activities that constitute effective safety
management.
 Describe three workplace health issues and how employers are
responding to them.
 Explain workplace violence as a security issue and describe
some components of an effective security program.
 Specify several global health, safety, and security concerns.

3. Copyright © 2005 Thomson Business & Professional 15–3
Health, Safety, and SecurityHealth, Safety, and SecurityHealth, Safety, and SecurityHealth, Safety, and Security
• Health
A general state of physical, mental, and emotional
well-being.
• Safety
A condition in which the physical well-being of people
is protected.
• Security
The protection of employees and organizational
facilities.

4. Copyright © 2005 Thomson Business & Professional 15–4
Typical Division of HR Responsibilities:Typical Division of HR Responsibilities:
Health, Safety, and SecurityHealth, Safety, and Security
Typical Division of HR Responsibilities:Typical Division of HR Responsibilities:
Health, Safety, and SecurityHealth, Safety, and Security
Figure 15–1

5. Copyright © 2005 Thomson Business & Professional 15–5
Legal Requirements for Safety and HealthLegal Requirements for Safety and HealthLegal Requirements for Safety and HealthLegal Requirements for Safety and Health
• Workers’ Compensation
A legally-mandated insurance fund that provides
compensation to employees for work-related injuries.
• Family Medical Leave Act (FMLA)
Allows eligible employees to take up to 12 weeks of
leave for their serious health conditions.
• Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA)
Employers attempting to return injured employees to
“light duty” work may undercut the essential functions
of the job.

6. Copyright © 2005 Thomson Business & Professional 15–6
Selected Child Labor Hazardous Occupations (minimum age: 18 years)Selected Child Labor Hazardous Occupations (minimum age: 18 years)Selected Child Labor Hazardous Occupations (minimum age: 18 years)Selected Child Labor Hazardous Occupations (minimum age: 18 years)
Figure 15–2

7. Copyright © 2005 Thomson Business & Professional 15–7
Occupational Safety and Health ActOccupational Safety and Health ActOccupational Safety and Health ActOccupational Safety and Health Act
• Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970
Passed to assure safe and healthful working
conditions.
Occupational Safety and Health Administration
(OSHA) administers provisions of the Act.
OSHA Enforcement Standards regulate equipment
and working environments:
 The “general duty” of employers to provide safe and healthy
working conditions.
 Notification and posters are required of employers to inform
employees of OSHA’s safety and health standards.

8. Copyright © 2005 Thomson Business & Professional 15–8
Percent of Non-fatal Workplace InjuriesPercent of Non-fatal Workplace Injuries
by Private Industry Groupby Private Industry Group
Percent of Non-fatal Workplace InjuriesPercent of Non-fatal Workplace Injuries
by Private Industry Groupby Private Industry Group
Figure 15–3
Source: U.S. Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics, “Workplace
Injuries and Illnesses,” News, December 18, 2003, 4, www.bls.gov.

9. Copyright © 2005 Thomson Business & Professional 15–9
OSHA Enforcement StandardsOSHA Enforcement StandardsOSHA Enforcement StandardsOSHA Enforcement Standards
HazardHazard
CommunicationCommunication
HazardHazard
CommunicationCommunication
Personal ProtectivePersonal Protective
Equipment (PPE)Equipment (PPE)
Personal ProtectivePersonal Protective
Equipment (PPE)Equipment (PPE)
Blood-borneBlood-borne
PathogensPathogens
Blood-borneBlood-borne
PathogensPathogens
Material Data Safety Sheets (MSDS)Material Data Safety Sheets (MSDS)
Lock out/tag out regulationsLock out/tag out regulations
Material Data Safety Sheets (MSDS)Material Data Safety Sheets (MSDS)
Lock out/tag out regulationsLock out/tag out regulations
Protection for workers exposed to bloodProtection for workers exposed to blood
and other substances from AIDSand other substances from AIDS
Protection for workers exposed to bloodProtection for workers exposed to blood
and other substances from AIDSand other substances from AIDS
Hazard analysis, training, and provision ofHazard analysis, training, and provision of
PPE to employeesPPE to employees
Hazard analysis, training, and provision ofHazard analysis, training, and provision of
PPE to employeesPPE to employees
Cumulative StressCumulative Stress
Disorders (CTDs)Disorders (CTDs)
Cumulative StressCumulative Stress
Disorders (CTDs)Disorders (CTDs)
Protection from muscle and skeletalProtection from muscle and skeletal
injuries from repetitive tasksinjuries from repetitive tasks
Protection from muscle and skeletalProtection from muscle and skeletal
injuries from repetitive tasksinjuries from repetitive tasks
Work AssignmentsWork AssignmentsWork AssignmentsWork Assignments Protection for reproductive health andProtection for reproductive health and
refusal to perform unsafe workrefusal to perform unsafe work
Protection for reproductive health andProtection for reproductive health and
refusal to perform unsafe workrefusal to perform unsafe work

10. Copyright © 2005 Thomson Business & Professional 15–10
Guide to RecordabilityGuide to Recordability
of Cases Under theof Cases Under the
Occupational SafetyOccupational Safety
and Health Actand Health Act
Guide to RecordabilityGuide to Recordability
of Cases Under theof Cases Under the
Occupational SafetyOccupational Safety
and Health Actand Health Act
Figure 15–4
Source: U.S. Department of
Labor Statistics, What Every
Employer Needs to Know
About OSHA Record Keeping
(Washington, DC: U.S.
Government Printing Office).

11. Copyright © 2005 Thomson Business & Professional 15–11
OSHA InspectionsOSHA InspectionsOSHA InspectionsOSHA Inspections
• On-the-Spot Inspections
 Compliance officers
 Marshall v. Barlow’s, Inc.
• Dealing with an
Inspection
 Check credentials
 Opening conference
 Safety record check
 On-the-spot inspection
• Citations and Violations
 Imminent danger
 Serious
 Other than serious
 De minimis
 Willful and repeated

12. Copyright © 2005 Thomson Business & Professional 15–12
Most Frequently Cited OSHA ViolationsMost Frequently Cited OSHA Violations
(general industry, non-construction)(general industry, non-construction)
Most Frequently Cited OSHA ViolationsMost Frequently Cited OSHA Violations
(general industry, non-construction)(general industry, non-construction)
Figure 15–5
1. Hazard communication program, training, labeling, and warnings
2. Inadequate machine guarding, including at point of operation
3. Lock out / tag out energy control program and procedures
4. Head protection: hard hats
5. Recordkeeping violation: unsatisfactory OSHA log of illnesses and
injuries
6. Inadequate emergency drenching facilities
7. Non-complying guardrails or handrails on stairs or work platforms
8. Guard adjustment on abrasive wheel machinery
9. Non-complying electrical wire cabinet boxes
10.Pulley guards on power transmission belts
Source: U.S. Department of Labor, Occupational Safety and Health Administration, www.osha.gov.

13. Copyright © 2005 Thomson Business & Professional 15–13
Workplace Injuries by Employer SizeWorkplace Injuries by Employer SizeWorkplace Injuries by Employer SizeWorkplace Injuries by Employer Size
Figure 15–6Source: U.S. Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics, 2001.

14. Copyright © 2005 Thomson Business & Professional 15–14
Approaches to Effective Safety ManagementApproaches to Effective Safety ManagementApproaches to Effective Safety ManagementApproaches to Effective Safety Management
Figure 15–7

15. Copyright © 2005 Thomson Business & Professional 15–15
Safety ManagementSafety ManagementSafety ManagementSafety Management
Employee
Motivation
and Incentives
Employee
Motivation
and Incentives
Safety Policies
and Discipline
Safety Policies
and Discipline
Safety
Committees
Safety
Committees
Safety Training
and
Communications
Safety Training
and
Communications
Employee andEmployee and
WorkplaceWorkplace
SafetySafety
Employee andEmployee and
WorkplaceWorkplace
SafetySafety

16. Copyright © 2005 Thomson Business & Professional 15–16
Phases of Accident InvestigationPhases of Accident InvestigationPhases of Accident InvestigationPhases of Accident Investigation
Figure 15–8

17. Copyright © 2005 Thomson Business & Professional 15–17
Common Signs of Substance AbuseCommon Signs of Substance AbuseCommon Signs of Substance AbuseCommon Signs of Substance Abuse
Figure 15–9

18. Copyright © 2005 Thomson Business & Professional 15–18
Substance AbuseSubstance AbuseSubstance AbuseSubstance Abuse
• Substance abuse
Use of illicit substances or misuse of controlled
substances, alcohol, or other drugs.
• Types of Drug Tests
Urinalysis
Radioimmunoassay of hair
Fitness-for-duty tests

19. Copyright © 2005 Thomson Business & Professional 15–19
Other Employee Health ConcernsOther Employee Health ConcernsOther Employee Health ConcernsOther Employee Health Concerns
ObesityObesityObesityObesity
Emotional/Emotional/
Mental HealthMental Health
ConcernsConcerns
Emotional/Emotional/
Mental HealthMental Health
ConcernsConcerns
WorkplaceWorkplace
AirAir
WorkplaceWorkplace
AirAir
SmokingSmoking
at Workat Work
SmokingSmoking
at Workat Work
WorkplaceWorkplace
HealthHealth
IssuesIssues
WorkplaceWorkplace
HealthHealth
IssuesIssues

20. Copyright © 2005 Thomson Business & Professional 15–20
Health PromotionHealth PromotionHealth PromotionHealth Promotion
• Health Promotion
A supportive approach of facilitating and encouraging
healthy actions and lifestyles among employees.
• Wellness Programs
Programs designed to maintain or improve employee
health before problems arise.
• Employee Assistance Program (EAP)
Program that provides counseling and other help to
employees having emotional, physical, or other
personal problems.

21. Copyright © 2005 Thomson Business & Professional 15–21
Health Promotion LevelsHealth Promotion LevelsHealth Promotion LevelsHealth Promotion Levels
Figure 15–10

22. Copyright © 2005 Thomson Business & Professional 15–22
SecuritySecuritySecuritySecurity
• Top Eight Security Concerns at Work:
Workplace violence
Internet/intranet security
Business interruption/disaster recovery
Fraud/white collar crime
Employee selection/screening concerns

23. Copyright © 2005 Thomson Business & Professional 15–23
Workplace ViolenceWorkplace ViolenceWorkplace ViolenceWorkplace Violence
Training in DetectionTraining in Detection
and Preventionand Prevention
Training in DetectionTraining in Detection
and Preventionand Prevention
DomesticDomestic
CausesCauses
DomesticDomestic
CausesCauses
ManagementManagement
ResponsesResponses
ManagementManagement
ResponsesResponses
WorkplaceWorkplace
ViolenceViolence
IssuesIssues
WorkplaceWorkplace
ViolenceViolence
IssuesIssues

24. Copyright © 2005 Thomson Business & Professional 15–24
Profile of a Potentially Violent EmployeeProfile of a Potentially Violent EmployeeProfile of a Potentially Violent EmployeeProfile of a Potentially Violent Employee
Figure 15–11

25. Copyright © 2005 Thomson Business & Professional 15–25
Security ManagementSecurity ManagementSecurity ManagementSecurity Management
SecuritySecurity
AuditAudit
SecuritySecurity
AuditAudit
ControlledControlled
AccessAccess
ControlledControlled
AccessAccess
ComputerComputer
SecuritySecurity
ComputerComputer
SecuritySecurity
WorkplaceWorkplace
SecuritySecurity
WorkplaceWorkplace
SecuritySecurity

26. Copyright © 2005 Thomson Business & Professional 15–26
Global Health, Safety, and SecurityGlobal Health, Safety, and SecurityGlobal Health, Safety, and SecurityGlobal Health, Safety, and Security
Kidnapping and RansomKidnapping and Ransom
InsuranceInsurance
Kidnapping and RansomKidnapping and Ransom
InsuranceInsurance
International EmergencyInternational Emergency
Health ServicesHealth Services
International EmergencyInternational Emergency
Health ServicesHealth Services
International SecurityInternational Security
and Terrorismand Terrorism
International SecurityInternational Security
and Terrorismand Terrorism
GlobalGlobal
WorkplaceWorkplace
IssuesIssues
GlobalGlobal
WorkplaceWorkplace
IssuesIssues