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Migration
This document discusses migration and its determinants. It provides definitions of migration, emigration, and immigration. Some key points: - 191 million people lived outside their country of birth in 2005, and the number of international migrants has doubled since World War II. - The top countries for immigration are the US, Russia, Germany, and Saudi Arabia. The top countries of origin are Mexico, Spain, China, and Ukraine. - There are two main types of migration - internal (within a country) and international. Internal migration includes rural-urban and seasonal movements. - Migration can be voluntary or involuntary (forced). Involuntary migrants include refugees fleeing persecution or conflict. - Major theories
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Migration
- 1. MIGRATION AND ITS DETERMINANTS SUBMITTEDBY:RAFIUL ALAM(2013135006)
- 2. MIGRATION The movement ofpeople across a specified boundary, national (i.e. internal) or international, to establish a new permanent place of residence”
- 3. MIGRATION “Human Migration isthe permanent change of residence by an individual or groups,excluding such movements as nomadism and migrant labour”.
- 4. In 2005, 191million people were counted as living outside the country of their birth. The number of migrants worldwide has doubled since World War II. If they lived in the same place , international migrants would form the 5th most populous country in the world. MIGRATION IS GLOBAL
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- 8. Emigration is theact of leaving one's resident country with the intent to settle elsewhere EMIGRATION Emigrants: People who leave a country .
- 9. Immigration is theinternational movement of people into a destination country of which they are not natives IMMIGRATION www.pinterest.com • Immigrants: People who enter a country
- 10. The top ten immigration countries are theUnited States the Russian Federation Germany Saudi Arabia Canada the UK France Australia India MIGRATION The top ten countries of origin are Mexico Spain China Ukraine Bangladesh Pakistan the UK the Philippines Turkey
- 11. MIGRATION The top ten migration corridors worldwideare Libya–European Union Mexico– United States; Russia– Ukraine; Ukraine– Russia; Bangladesh– India; Turkey– Germany;
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- 14. This occurs when peopleleaves one country or state to settle in another. Example:Leaving Bangladesh to take up residence in Canada. INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION
- 15. This transfer to themovement of people who have changed their residence within a country. Example:Leaving Sylhet to settle in Dhaka INTERNAL MIGRATION
- 16. internal or localmigration includes: Rural-urban migration in which large numbers of people leave rural areas to seek jobs in urban areas. Regional migration in which people leave certain regions and move to other regions for a higher amount of rainfall and better soils. Seasonal movements like when people temporary move in one season to the lands to grow crops and back to the villages after harvest. Daily movements which includes rural to rural daily movements from homesteads to fields or grazing areas and urban to urban commuting to work places. Urban to rural e.g. people in towns retiring from work, going back to their original villages. INTERNAL MIGRATION
- 17. • Involuntary Migration= Forced Migration • Movement of people caused by events which force people to move against their will. • People involved in this movement = Refugees • Refugees are those crossed an international boundary to escape persecution. INVOLUNTARY MIGRATION
- 18. Causes : unfavorablesocial / political conditions Examples : Migration of Hindus, Muslims and Sikhs to Britain in 1950s when Pakistan and India became separate countries. Example: Migration of Muslims from Myanmar to Bangladesh.(Rohingya) INVOLUNTARY MIGRATION
- 19. Migrants who chooseto move for reasons • such as retirement, education, relaxed lifestyles etc. VOLUNTARY MIGRATION
- 20. People entering countrywithout formal permission. - illegal aliens - illegal immigrants - boat people ILLEGAL MIGRATION
- 21. REASON OF MIGRATION Reason Overpopulation Poverty Family Economicsand Labor market Trade Liberaliz ation Wars and Asylum
- 22. Overpopulation : Can causeproblems such as pollution, water crisis and poverty Poverty : Can increase the likelihood of illegal migration REASON OF MIGRATION
- 23. Trade liberalization :Increaseof large number of agricultural or unskilled workers. Wars and asylum REASON OF MIGRATION
- 24. Effects : • Economy(Tax reduction) • Employment rate (Rising unemployment) •Threat to traditional culture (Different cultures) • Social security (Crime rate increase) EFFECT OF MIGRATION
- 25. Policy: Assignment ofdeposit money to a bank as security for a loan Repatriation: send back to original country SOLUTION
- 26. • Net Migrationrefers to the difference between the number of immigrants and emigrants in a country in a particular year. NET MIGRATION people.hofstra.edu
- 27. Neoclassical economic theory •wage difference betweentwo geographic locations. Dual labor market theory •pull factors in more developed countries. New economics of labor migration • wider social entities must be considered Relative deprivation theory • income difference between neighbors or other households World systems theory •nteraction between different societies THEORIES
- 28. Ravenstein proposed to describe human migration. Lee's laws dividefactors causing migrations into two groups of factors: push and pull factors. HISTORICAL THEORIES
- 29. Push factors – thingsthat cause persons to leave their residences. Pull factors – things that cause persons to come into new areas. PUSH & PULL FACTORS
- 30. PUSH & PULLFACTORS
- 31. Political Factors Naturalfactors Economic factors Social factors Factors of migration MIGRATION OF BANGLADESH
- 32. Natural Factors:Monga,flood,river erosion EconomicFactors:Poverty Social Factors:Occurred in big families Political Factors:Clash of political groups MIGRATION OF BANGLADESH
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- 34. Migration Background: MajorHistorical Events MIGRATION OF BANGLADESH
- 35. Inward Migration (Bihari) MIGRATIONOF BANGLADESH
- 36. Inward Migration (Rohingya) MIGRATIONOF BANGLADESH
- 37. • Outward Migration(Indo-Bangla) MIGRATION OF BANGLADESH
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