One of the major issue in power system is the losses occurs during the transmission and distribution of electrical power. As the demand increases day by day, the power generation increases and the power loss is also increased. The major amount of power loss occurs during transmission and distribution. The percentage of loss of power during transmission and distribution is approximated as 26%. The main reason for power loss during transmission and distribution is the resistance of wires used for grid. The efficiency of power transmission can be improved to certain level by using high strength composite overhead conductors and underground cables that use high temperature super conductor. But, the transmission is still inefficient. According to the World Resources Institute (WRI), India’s electricity grid has the highest transmission and distribution losses in the world – a whopping 27%. Numbers published by various Indian government agencies put that number at 30%,40% and greater than 40%. This is attributed to technical losses (grid’s inefficiencies) and theft. Any problem can be solved by state of the art technology. The above discussed problem can be solved by choose an alternative option for power transmission which could provide much higher efficiency, low transmission cost and avoid power theft. Microwave Power Transmission is one of the promising technologies and may be the righteous alternative for efficient power transmission.

1. GOVERNMENT COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING,CHANDRAPUR
ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT
SEMINAR ON TOPIC :
MICROWAVE WIRELESS POWER
TRANSMISSION SYSTEM

2. OVERVIEW
WHAT IS WIRELESS POWER TRANSMISSION (WPT) ?
HISTORY OF WPT
WHY NOT WIRES ?
TYPES OF WPT
TECHNIQUES TO TRANSFER ENERGY WIRELESSLY
ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTGES
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES

3. WHAT IS WIRELESS POWER TRANSMISSION ?
•THE TRANSMISSION OF ENERGY FROM ONE PLACE TO ANOTHER
WITHOUT USING WIRES
•CONVENTIONAL ENERGY TRANSFER IS USING WIRES
•BUT THE WIRELESS TRANSMISSION IS POSSIBLE BY USING VARIOUS
TECHNOLOGIES.
•WITH HELP OF WPT PROPER UTILISATION OF ENERGY IS POSSIBLE

4. HISTORY
1. NIKOLA TESLA IN LATE 1890S
2. HIS VISION FOR “WORLD WIRELESS SYSTEM”
3. THE 187 FEET TALL TOWER TO BROADCAST
ENERGY
4. ALL PEOPLE CAN HAVE TO FREE ENERGY
5. SHORTAGE OF FUND LEAD TO NONOPERATION.
6. HE USED TO LAMP 200 LIGHTS FROM 40 KM
DISTANCE.

5. WHY NOT WIRES ?
•AS PER STUDIES, MOST ELECTRICAL ENERGY TRANSFER THROUGH
WIRES.
•MOST OF THE ENERGY LOSS IS DURING TRANSMISSION
1. ON AN AVERAGE, MORE THAN 30 %
2. IN INDIA IT EXCEEDS 40 %
• IN ORDER TO REDUCE SUCH CONSIDERABLE AMOUNT OF LOSSES,
VARIOUS TECHNOLOGIES ARE BEING DEVELOPED BY SCIENTISTS.

6. TECHNIQUES TO TRANSFER ENERGY
WIRELESSLY
NEAR FIELD TECHNIQUES
1. INDUCTIVE COUPLING
2. RESONANT INDUCTIVE COUPLING
3. AIR IONISATION
FAR FIELD TECHNIQUES
1. MICROWAVE POWER TRANSMISSION
2. LASER POWER TRANSMISSION

7.  NEAR FIELD TECHNIQUES
1. INDUCTIVE COUPLING
•PRIMARY AND SECONDARY COILS ARE NOT CONNECTED
WITH SERIES
•ENERGY TRANSFER IS DUE TO MUTUAL INDUCTION

8. •ENERGY TRANSFER DEVICES ARE USUALLY AIR CORED
•TRANSFORMER IS AN EXAMPLE
•WIRELESS CHARGING PAD (WCP), ELECTRIC BRUSHES ARE SOME
EXAMPLES
•NOKIA LUMIA 720
•THE CHARGING PAD(PRIMARY COIL) AND THE DEVICES (SECONDARY
COIL) HAVE TO BE KEPT VERY NEAR TO EACH OTHER.

9. 2. RESONANT INDUCTIVE COUPLING
•THE CAPACITOR AND INDUCTOR FORMS THE RESONATOR.
CHARGE OSCILLATES BETWEEN INDUCTOR (AS MAGNETIC
FIELD) AND CAPACITOR ( AS ELECTRIC FIELD)
•THIS TYPE OF OSCILLATION IS CALLED RESONANCE IF THE
REACTANCES OF THE INDUCTOR AND CAPACITOR ARE EQUAL.

10. RESONANT TRANSFER WORKS BY MAKING A COIL RING WITH AN
OSCILLATING CURRENT.
THIS GENERATES AN OSCILLATING MAGNETIC FIELD.
BECAUSE THE COIL IS HIGHLY RESONANT ANY ENERGY PLACED IN THE
COIL DIES AWAY RELATIVELY SLOWLY OVER MANY COILS.
BUT IF A SECOND COIL IS BROUGHT NEAR IT, THE COIL CAN PICK UP
MOST OF THE ENERGY BEFORE IT IS LOST, EVEN IF IT IS SOME DISTANCE
AWAY.

11. BLOCK DIAGRAM OF RESONANT INDUCTIVE COUPLING
•OSCILLATOR USED IS AN ASTABLE MULTIVIBRATOR USING 555 TIMER
WHICH SWITCHES IRFP 250 TO PRODUCE OSCILLATIONS IN THE PRIMARY
COIL.
•SECONDARY COIL KEPT AT A DISTANCE RESONATES AT THE SAME
FREQUENCY AND POWER TRANSFER TAKES PLACE.
•SIGNAL RECEIVED IN THE SECONDARY IS RECTIFIED AND REGULATED.

13. 3. AIR IONISATION
•TOUGHEST TECHNIQUE UNDER NEAR FEILD ENERGY TRANSFER
TECHNIQUES.
•AIR IONISES ONLY WHEN THERE IS A HIGH FIELD
•NEEDED FIELD IS 2.11 MV/M
•NATURAL EXAMPLE : LIGHTENING
•NOT FEASIBLE FOR PRACTICAL IMPLEMENTATION.

14. ADVANTAGES :-
WIRELESS POWER TRANSMISSION SYSTEM WOULD COMPLETELY
ELIMINATES THE EXSISTING HIGH TENSION POWER TRANSMISSION
LINE CABLES, TOWER AND SUBSTATION S BETWEEN GENERATING
STATTION AND CONSUMRES.
IT FACILITATE THE INTERCONNECTION OF ELECTRICAL
GENERATIONS PLANTS ON A GLOBAL SCALE.
DISADVANTAGES :-
THE CAPITAL COST IS MORE FOR IMPLEMENTATION OF WPT
HEALTHY HAZARDS MAY OCCUR

15. CONCLUSION
THUS, IT IS CONCLUDED THAT,
YOU DON’T NEED CABLES,PIPES,OR COPPER WIRES TO
RECEIVE POWER. POWER CAN BE SENT LIKE A CELL PHONE CALL- WHERE
YOU WANT IT, WHEN YOU WANT IT, IN REAL TIME.

16. REFERENCES:
1. NIKOLA TESLA, MY INVETIONS,BEN JOHNSTON, ED. AUSTIN, HART
BROTHERS, P.91,1982
2. POINT TO POINT WIRELESS POWER TRANSPORATION IN REUNION
ISLAND 48TH INTERNATIONAL ASTRONAUTICAL.
3. WWW.HOWSTUFFWORKS.COM