This document discusses wireless power transmission via solar power satellites. It begins with an introduction and overview of wireless power transmission and its history. It then describes how solar power satellites would work, capturing solar energy in space using photovoltaic cells and transmitting it to rectennas on Earth via microwave beams. Current applications proposed include powering vehicles and aircraft wirelessly. Challenges include the high initial capital costs but advantages are eliminating transmission line losses and providing a continuous power source unaffected by weather.

1. WIRELESS POWER TRANSMISSION
BY SOLAR POWER SATELLITE
ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONICS
ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT
SUBMITTED BY:
BHASKAR PRAKASH

2.  Introduction.
 What & why WPT?
 History.
 How it works?
 What is SPS How it works?
 Applications & impacts.
 Current Technology.
 Future Aspects.
 Merits and demerits.
 Conclusion.
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 One of the major issues in power system is the losses occurring
during the transmission and distribution of electrical power
 The percentage of loss of power during transmission and
distribution is approximated as 26%.
 The main reason for power loss during transmission and
distribution is the resistance of wires used in grid.
 According to the World Resources Institute (WRI), India’s
electricity grid has the highest transmission and distribution
losses in the world – a whopping 27-40%.
 Tesla has proposed methods of transmission of electricity
using electromagnetic induction.

4. What is WPT?
 As the word wireless means “without wire”.
 Wireless energy transfer or wireless power is the
transmission of electrical energy from a power source to
an electric load without interconnecting man made
conductors.
 Wireless transmission is useful in cases where
interconnecting wires are inconvenient, hazardous or
impossible.
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5.  Experiments performed between 1888 and 1907 by
Nikola Tesla
 Started efforts on wireless transmission at 1891 in his
“experimental station” at Colorado
 He lighted a small incandescent lamp by means of a
resonant circuit grounded on one end.
 William C. Brown, the pioneer in wireless power
transmission technology
 The idea of Tesla is taken in to research after 100
years by a team led by Marin Soljačić from MIT
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 Human beings or other objects placed between the
transmitter and receiver do not hinder the transmission
of power.
 Magnetic field tend to interact very weakly with the
biological tissues of the body, and so are not prone to
cause any damage to any living being

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 Solar Power Satellites (SPS) have proposed to collect solar
energy in space and beam it down to the Earth.

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 Solar energy is captured using photocells
 Each SPS may have 400 million photocells
 Transmitted to earth in the form of microwaves/LASER
 Using rectenna/photovoltaic cell, the energy is converted to
electrical energy
 Efficiency exceeds 95% if microwave is used.
 GPS

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Why to use sps????
 There is no air in space, so the satellites would receive somewhat
more intense sunlight, 3 times stronger than on the surface.
 unaffected by weather.
 The SPS concept is simpler than most power systems here on earth.
 it can be collected 24 hours per day .
 since there are no clouds or night in high Earth orbit).
 SPS does not use up valuable surface area on the Earth

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Four basic steps involved in the conversion of solar energy to
electricity and delivery are:
Capture solar energy in space and
convert it to electricity
Transform the electricity to radio
frequency energy and transmit it to
Earth
Receive the radio frequency energy on Earth
and convert it back to electricity
Provide the electricity to the utility grid

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Rectenna
 Stands for rectifying antenna
 Consists of mesh of dipoles and diodes
 Converts microwave to its DC equivalent
 Usually multi-element phased array
Rectenna in US
power from SPSreceives 5000MW ofRectenna in US

14. Merits
 Eliminates the transmission line cables
 Cost of transmission and distribution become less
 Power could be transmitted to the places where the
wired transmission is not possible.
 Loss of transmission is negligible level
 Safer by eliminating the sparking hazard
 Zero fuel cost
 Zero co emission
 Low maintenance cost
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15.  The Capital Cost for practical implementation of WPT seems
to be very high.
 Interference of microwave with present communication
systems.
 Common belief fears the effect of microwave radiation.
 initial cost is high.
Geosynchronous satellites would take up large
sections of space
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16. Applications
 Moving targets such as fuel free airplanes, electric
vehicles, moving robots.
 High-altitude, long-endurance aircraft maintained at a
desired location for weeks or months at 20 km for
communications and surveillance instead of satellites, at
greatly reduced costs
 Ubiquitous Power Source (or) Wireless Power Source,
Wireless sensors .
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17.  It is one of the biggest challenges in today's world to
transmit energy in rough terrain like mountains, forest, and
sea. Ex. Google balloon
 A verified SPICE model of wireless transmission has been
considered for the efficiency calculation along with the
mathematical approach.
 Numerical calculation shows that 30-70% transmission
efficiency can be achieved by using this model of
transmission depending upon the transmission distance
and diameter of the antenna.
Wireless Power Transmission
17 FUTURE ASPECTS

18.  The power failure due to short circuit and electric
faults would not be possible at all.
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 Transmission without wires- a reality Efficient
 Low maintenance cost. But, high initial cost
 Better than conventional wired transfer
 Energy crisis can be decreased
 Low loss
 In near future, world will be completely wireless

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20. THANK YOU!Wireless Power Transmission
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