Microbial fuel cell advanced
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Microbial fuel cells are newest technological advancement in conventional fuel cell technology. Treatment of wastewater is coupled with electricity generation. Hydrogen production is also possible by modifying MFC technology. It is a independent essential review of Microbial fuel cell technology.
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Microbial fuel cell advanced
- 1. By Sagar Divetiya 110990135013 Environmental Science & Technology 4th sem
- 2. 1) Perquisites a) Electrochemical cell b) Fuel cells 2) Microbial Fuel cell (MFC) a) Definition, meaning & Principle b) Basic Design c) Components & Working 3) Types of MFC 4) Applications of MFC 5) Advantages & limitations 6) Future & facts 9/8/2013 6:37 AM 2Composed by : Sagar Divetiya
- 3. 9/8/2013 6:37 AM 3Composed by : Sagar Divetiya
- 4. A simple voltaic cell 9/8/2013 6:37 AM 4Composed by : Sagar Divetiya
- 5. “ A fuel cell is a device that converts the chemical energy from a fuel into electricity through a chemical reaction with oxygen or another oxidizing agent ” Fuel Fuel cell Energy 9/8/2013 6:37 AM 5Composed by : Sagar Divetiya
- 6. 9/8/2013 6:37 AM 6Composed by : Sagar Divetiya
- 7. 9/8/2013 6:37 AM 7Composed by : Sagar Divetiya
- 8. 9/8/2013 6:37 AM 8Composed by : Sagar Divetiya
- 9. MFCs are still taking baby steps. If Fuel cells are new technology for us then MFCs are newest. A very few people are working on it. Knowledge of Microbiology, Biochemistry, Material science, Environmental Engineering, etc. required to understand & improve this technology. 9/8/2013 6:37 AM 9Composed by : Sagar Divetiya
- 10. “ A microbial fuel cell is a device that converts chemical energy to electrical energy by the catalytic reaction of microorganisms. ” 9/8/2013 6:37 AM 10Composed by : Sagar Divetiya
- 11. “ A microbial fuel cell (MFC) or biological fuel cell is a bio-electrochemical system that drives a current by mimicking bacterial interactions found in nature. ” 9/8/2013 6:37 AM 11Composed by : Sagar Divetiya
- 12. “ MFCs are bioelectrical devices that harness the natural metabolisms of microbes to produce electrical power directly from organic material. ” Why we eat food ? To produce energy , gain vitamin , protein etc. This is our metabolism Microbes exactly do the same, they eat organic material then produce energy for themselves. This is the metabolism of microbe. But some of microbes (bacteria) liberate electrons during their metabolic activity. 9/8/2013 6:37 AM 12Composed by : Sagar Divetiya
- 13. Fuel Microbial Fuel Cell Energy Glucose (Organic material) Fuel cell 9/8/2013 6:37 AM 13Composed by : Sagar Divetiya
- 14. Oxygen Poor Oxygen Rich 9/8/2013 6:37 AM 14Composed by : Sagar Divetiya
- 15. Anodic Reaction (Oxidation) ◦ EX-1 : CH3COO - + 2H2O 2CO2 + 7H+ + 8e- (Acetic acid ion) ◦ EX-2 : C6H12O6 + 6H2O 6CO2 + 24H+ + 24e- (glucose) Cathodic Reaction (Reduction) ◦ EX-1 : O2 + 4H+ + 4e- 2H2O ◦ EX-2 : 6O2 + 24H+ + 24e- 12H2O 9/8/2013 6:37 AM 15Composed by : Sagar Divetiya
- 16. Various things like glucose, acetate etc. Can be Obtained from Wastewater & solid waste especially domestic. 9/8/2013 6:37 AM 16Composed by : Sagar Divetiya
- 17. 9/8/2013 6:37 AM 17Composed by : Sagar Divetiya
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- 19. 9/8/2013 6:37 AM 19Composed by : Sagar Divetiya
- 20. 9/8/2013 6:37 AM 20Composed by : Sagar Divetiya
- 21. 9/8/2013 6:37 AM 21Composed by : Sagar Divetiya
- 22. 9/8/2013 6:37 AM 22Composed by : Sagar Divetiya
- 23. 9/8/2013 6:37 AM 23Composed by : Sagar Divetiya
- 24. 9/8/2013 6:37 AM 24Composed by : Sagar Divetiya
- 25. 9/8/2013 6:37 AM 25Composed by : Sagar Divetiya
- 26. Treatment of Wastewater & solid wastes ◦ BOD removal Used to measure strength of wastewater ◦ Biosensor ( Principle: Voltage is proportional to organic material) Electrical Power Generation Bio-hydrogen 9/8/2013 6:37 AM 26Composed by : Sagar Divetiya
- 27. 9/8/2013 6:37 AM 27Composed by : Sagar Divetiya
- 28. Wider variety of applications over conventional fuel cells. Can be used to solve Environmental Problems Wastewater treatment & power generation at a same time. Good alternative to Conventional Power Generation Systems. 9/8/2013 6:37 AM 28Composed by : Sagar Divetiya
- 29. Limit on surface area of anode as bacteria can clog small pores and hence limit on current. Still not economically competitive. Power produced way below when compared with conventional cells. Very slow performance in wastewater treatment. 9/8/2013 6:37 AM 29Composed by : Sagar Divetiya
- 30. 9/8/2013 6:37 AM 30Composed by : Sagar Divetiya
- 31. “Love your Environment”, only way to save it 9/8/2013 6:37 AM 31Composed by : Sagar Divetiya
Editor's Notes
- What we must know before get started ?
- From here, We are taking redox principle to generate emf
- >> Let us first understand what is fuel cell ?>> “ A fuel cell is a device that converts the chemical energy from a fuel into electricity through a chemical reaction with oxygen or another oxidizing agent ”>> and here is the flow diagram of normal fuel cell
- >> let us simplify illustration & observe inlet and outlet>> now various components
- Mobile, Stationary, Portable etc.
- Now Let get started with Microbial Fuel Cells or MFCs
- “ A microbial fuel cell is a device that converts chemical energy to electrical energy by the catalytic reaction of microorganisms. ”
- “ A microbial fuel cell (MFC) or biological fuel cell is a bio-electrochemical system that drives a current by mimicking bacterial interactions found in nature. ”
- >> “ MFCs are bioelectrical devices that harness the natural metabolisms of microbesto produce electrical power directly from organic material. ”>> Why we eat food ?>> ans is to produce energy, gain essentials for our body - this is a part of our metabolism>> Bacteria exactly do the same - this is a part of their metabolism>> but some of the bacteria liberate electrons during their metabolism - and that is what we want.
- >> There is slight change in normal fuel cell, we have seen earlier >> replacing fuel organic material and h2o>> Replacing fuel cell with Microbial fuel cell>> give O2>> and produce energy
- >> This MFCs is lot more looking like electrochemical cell not fuel cell because this is a simplified diagram>> now let us see, Various components of MFC>> Fuel, anode, anode biofilm, …>> Now working,>> on anode : bacteria of biofilm is breaking organic material and liberating electrons>> on cathode : h2o produced>> H+ i.e. proton is transferred via Proton Exchange Membrane>> Oxygen poor medium is provided for natural anaerobic conditions>> Oxygen rich medium is provided for reduction
- Redox reactions involved>> on anode hydrolysis or breaking of organic material>> on cathode reduction of H+
- Organic materials can also be used from wastewater & solid waste
- This is a table illustrating various microbe used according to organic substrate in MFCs.
- Here, there is no direct contact between Microbe an anode so mediator i.e. some kind of chemical is used to transfer e- to anode.
- Here, there is a direct contact between microbe and anode mostly by nanowire.
- This is Microbial Electrolysis Cell uses reverse Process of MFC to produce H2 i.e. can be used as fuel.
- Soil based MFC