The document discusses four different language teaching methods: grammar-translation, which focuses on rules and translation; audio-lingualism, which emphasizes grammatical patterns and behaviorist learning; PPP (presentation, practice, production), where teachers present, students practice, and then produce language freely; and communicative language teaching, where interaction is both the means and goal of language learning.

1. By Paul Ullaguary

2. Grammar-translation
 The Grammar translation method introduced the idea
of presenting students with short grammar rules and
word list, and then translation exercises on which
they had to make use of the same rules and words.

3. Audio-lingual method
 The audio lingual method is used in teaching foreign
languages. Audio lingual method marries this
emphasis on grammatical patterns with behaviourist
theories of learning.

4. PPP
Presentation, practice, production
 IN PPP lessons or sequences, the teacher presents the
context and situation for the language (e.g. describing
someone’s holiday plans) and both explains and
demonstrates the meaning and form of the new
language (for example, the ‘the going to’ future – e.g.
He’s going to visit Miami). The students then, practise
making sentences with “going to” before going on to
the production stage in which they talk more freely
about themselves.

5. Communicative Language Teaching
CLT is an approach to the teaching of second and foreign
languages that emphasizes interaction as both the
means and the ultimate goal of learning a language. It
is also referred to as “communicative approach to the
teaching of foreign languages” or simply “the
communicative approach”/