This document discusses language teaching methods and approaches. It defines an approach as a theory about language and learning, and a method as the practical execution of an approach through specific procedures and techniques. Several key approaches are described, including structural, situational, communicative, and lexical. Common language teaching methods like grammar translation, audiolingualism, direct method, PPP, silent way, and CLT are also outlined. The document explains that methods answer questions about how language should be presented, sequenced, and practiced through various activities and techniques.