This document discusses metals in medicine and their importance in biological systems. It covers topics such as medicinal bioinorganic chemistry, classification of metal elements, the role of metal ions in critical biological functions, and examples of metal deficiencies that can lead to disease. The document also addresses how some metals can be toxic in excess and cause conditions like Wilson's disease from copper overload or hemochromatosis from iron poisoning. Finally, it mentions how some metals like plutonium, mercury, and others are used for diagnosis and treatment of diseases.

1. METALS
IN
MEDICINE
Submitted by:-
Dropati Sidh
M.Sc.(Final), Inorganic chemistry
Govt. Dungar college,Bikaner

2. Content
1. Bioinorganic chemistry
2. Medicinal bioinorganic chemistry
3. Classification of Elements
4. Importance of Metal ions in Biological system
5. Aspect of Metal in Medicine
6. Metal Deficiency and Disease
7. Toxic effects of Metals
8. Metals used for Diagnosis and Chemotherapy

4. Medicinal Bioinorganic chemistry
The New science that is evolving at the interface of
Bioinorganic chemistry and Medicine.
Major aspect of Bioinorganic Chemistry
 To understand at the molecular level
 Biochemistry and Molecular biology

5. The Biomedical Periodic Table

6. Why are metal ions important in biological
system?
Metal ions are required for many critical functions in
human being.
Scarcity of some metal ions can lead to disease.
Play important role in following :-
A. Charge balancing
B. Stabilising structure
C. Replication and information encoding
D. Catalysing reactions

9. Sources of calcium

12. TIRED

22. Is a Metal ion can be Deleterious?
Yes , when present in excess.
Two class of toxic metal compounds:-
1. From accidental ingestion of the element / From metabolic disorders.
2. From entry of non-essential metals.

23. Toxic effect of metals
Copper
 Cause – copper overload
 Disease – Wilson`s disease
 Clinical manifestations : Liver disease , Neurological damage ,
Kayser- fleischer rings, low level of ceruloplasmin.
 Treatment- Chelation therapy
i. using d-penicillamine.
ii. using BAL.
iii. using K2Ca(EDTA).

24. Iron Poisoning
Chronic/ hemochromatosis
• From accedental ingestion From digestion of excess
of FeSO4 tablets. Iron usually supplied by
• Results in gastrointestinal-tract cooking vessels.
corrosion. Results in failure of affected
organs.
Acute
Treatment :- specific chelating agent ( siderophore desferrioxammine)

27. Toxic effects of other essential metals
Ca2+
Co
2+
Mn2+
Calcification of tissue Pernicious anemia,
The formation of stones and cataract Heart failure,
Neurological symptoms similar to
Parkinson`s disease
Zn2+
Leads deficiency of Ca2+ ,
Fe2+ , Cu2+

28. Plutonium a consequence of the Nuclear age
• Plutonium is among most toxic metals known.
emits
• 239Pu
α-particle (high energy)
 Leading to malignancies of liver , bone , lung, and lymph nodes.
 Treatment DTPA salts and Siderophores are specially effective

29. Mercury Toxicity and Bacterial Resistance
Source of Mercury ion  through weathering of Red cinnabar HgS.
 in form of agricultural toxic waste Hgx2.
Disease Neurological disease , Kidney failure.
Treatment Metallothionein , BAL ,N-acetylpenicillamine
limits mercury toxicity.
The volatile element form of mercury , Hg(0), is reportedly
nontoxic.
anaerobic microorganisms
Hg Alkylmercury
(utilizing a vit. B-12 biosynthetic pathway) (Toxic)

35. METALS USED FOR DIAGNOSIS

45. Future
 Synthesis of ion-specific ligands.
 Designing on metal based drugs.
 Application of the new tools of
molecular biology.

46. BIBILIOGRAPHY
1. Bioinorganic chemistry :- Stephen J Lippard
2. http://www.slideshare.net/mohdsakharkar/metal-
ion?qid=47d7e4f2-48e3-4754-8e65-
65d1693c8764&v=qf1&b=&from_search=1
3. http://www.slideshare.net/harrietcarpenter/vitamins-and-
minerals-8079599?qid=11bf6b76-8e00-4955-9b4a-
6cf9bc8f65d2&v=default&b=&from_search=1
4. http://www.slideshare.net/KJSCCETR/panks?qid=a4fb6ae
1-49ce-4f67-becc-
4947456122c2&v=qf1&b=&from_search=4