We covered Origin,Geography and Timeline of Mesopotamia.There were many civilization in Mesopotamia but we only covered Sumerian Civilization because it had been told to us by our faculty.I hope you guys like this!
We covered Origin,Geography and Timeline of Mesopotamia.There were many civilization in Mesopotamia but we only covered Sumerian Civilization because it had been told to us by our faculty.I hope you guys like this!
Mesopotamia and the Near East: Foundation of Western CulturePaulVMcDowell
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Traces the history of Mesopotamia from the Sumerians to the Assyrians and Babylon, looks at the pantheon, including Innana, the goddess of love and war, the epic of Gilgamesh, and allied topics
Mesopotamia and the Near East: Foundation of Western CulturePaulVMcDowell
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Traces the history of Mesopotamia from the Sumerians to the Assyrians and Babylon, looks at the pantheon, including Innana, the goddess of love and war, the epic of Gilgamesh, and allied topics
A brief understanding into the ancient river valley civilisations and their modern day stories in understanding architecture, religion & design philosophy
Asian civilizations embrace, learn from, and respect one another with the objective of common progress and prosperity, resulting in the flourishing of individual civilizations as well as the establishment of a "community with shared future for mankind" where countries come together and join.
Introduction to sistan and baluchestan.pptxBita Talebi
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A brief introduction about Sistan & Baluchestan province of Iran, made by Fotros tourism company for online webinars during corona pandemic.
For having more information you can visit our website:
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or contact us:
incoming@fotros.travel
It talks about best rural governance practices that are taking place in the state of Kerala,India which has been inspiration to many other counteries, which have localized the same in their countries.
Historic morphological comparison of governance in Indian and Western Context. krishnadutt1819
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this ppt talks about the historical evolution of governance in Indian and Western Context over the different time periods.
As this sheet is made in A3 sheet size.. it may not be legible while seeing it directy.. For Better resuts.. Download n Zoom.. Happy Working..
THIS FILE IS ABOUT THE DETAIL STUDY OF THE WARD NO 49 OF THE BHOPAL ,INDIA. IT TALKS ABOUT THE LOCATION OF WARD, LANDMARKS IN THE WARD,STASTICS,AND THE ISSUES IN THE WARD AND ALSO SOME SOLUTIONS REGARDING IT.
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
Palestine last event orientationfvgnh .pptxRaedMohamed3
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An EFL lesson about the current events in Palestine. It is intended to be for intermediate students who wish to increase their listening skills through a short lesson in power point.
Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdfThiyagu K
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This slides describes the basic concepts of ICT, basics of Email, Emerging Technology and Digital Initiatives in Education. This presentations aligns with the UGC Paper I syllabus.
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
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http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasnât one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
Model Attribute Check Company Auto PropertyCeline George
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In Odoo, the multi-company feature allows you to manage multiple companies within a single Odoo database instance. Each company can have its own configurations while still sharing common resources such as products, customers, and suppliers.
Welcome to TechSoup New Member Orientation and Q&A (May 2024).pdfTechSoup
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In this webinar you will learn how your organization can access TechSoup's wide variety of product discount and donation programs. From hardware to software, we'll give you a tour of the tools available to help your nonprofit with productivity, collaboration, financial management, donor tracking, security, and more.
2. ï± Good farming conditions
ï± Provided fish and
freshwater
ï± Easy to travel
ï± Easy to trade (way
goods and ideas
moved from place
to place)
The worldâs first civilizations all began in river valleys
Mesopotamia
Civilization
To the north and west,
it fades into the plains
of Syria
The Tigris and
Euphrates rivers sit in
the land as dominant
physical feature
To the south and west,
it fades into the
Arabian desertMaulana Azad National Institute of Technology
3. ï Probably settled before 5000 B.C.
ï Lasted for approximately 3000 years
ï The Mesopotamian plain â mainly alluvial
Clay â abundantly and cheaply available
building materials.
Brick manufacture â sun dried or Kiln burnt
ï The district was named as
Mesopotomia (Messos = middle, potamos =
river)
Maulana Azad National Institute of Technology
4. SEQUENCE OF CIVILIZATIONâŠ.
SUMERIAN CULTURE, PEAKING IN 3300 BC 4500-2000 BC
AKKADIAN PERIOD 2350 - 2200 BC
BABYLONIAN CULTURE 2000- 1600 BC
(Combination of Sumerian and Akkadia)
ASSYRIAN CULTURE 1350 - 612 BC
PERSIAN CULTURE 539 - 330 BC
Priests
Kings and
Nobility
Scribes
Craftsmen and
Peasants
Slaves
SOCIAL STRUCTURE
Maulana Azad National Institute of Technology
5.
6. Unpredictable flooding during periods of little rain / dry summer months
Dug irrigation ditches⊠brought water to fields
No natural barriers for protectionâŠCity wall built walls around citiesLimited natural resources, especially building materials
â stone, wood, metal
Trade
Traded with people around them for the
products they lacked
Lacked building materials
Used Mud bricks
Maulana Azad National Institute of Technology
7. ï Polytheistic religion. Deities were in human forms and represent some natural
phenomenon.
ï Gods were worshipped at huge temples called ZIGGURATS.
âą Believed to be homes for gods and goddesses.
âą Priests were permitted inside the ziggurat
âą It was their duty to care for the gods and attend
to their needs.
CELLA
8. ï¶From about 3000 B.C. many cities grew up in Sumer such as:
ï§ Ur
ï§ Uruk
ï§ Eridu
ï§ Mari
ï¶The Sumerians became powerful under ruler Ur- Nammu who
reigned from 2113-2046 B.C.
ï¶He constructed the famous Ziggurat at Ur.
ï¶City of Ur was at its highest glory and capital of Sumer.
GOVERNMET
PRIEST,SOLDIERS
MERCHANTS
CRAFTMAKERS, LABORERS
SLAVES
Maulana Azad National Institute of Technology
9. ï± Mud was the main building material.
ï± Mud was formed into sun brick and built into massive walls
ï± Spaces were narrow because of the walling material.
ï± Façade of buildings were whitewashed and painted to hide the lack of
attraction of the material.
ï± Temples was their major building type.
10. Entire city was surrounded
by a canal
The houses are densely packed with
narrow streets between them.
The city was enclosed in
wall
Temples were the principal architectural
monuments of Sumerian cities.. Mixture of
âąresidences houses- 1 storey
âącommercial and industrial buildings
Streets were fronted by
courtyard
11. ï The temple sits on a three multi-tiered
Ziggurat mountain.
ï Access to the temple is through triple
staircase reaching first stage.
ï The fourth staircase gave access to the
second and third stages of the ziggurat
and to the temple.
The Great Ziggurat was located as part of a temple complex.
Complex comprised of:-
âą Ziggurat and its court
âą Secondary court attached to it and The king was the chief priest of the
temple and lived close to it.
12. ï Sargon, King of Akkad,
conquered the city-states
(2300 B.C.) and built an
empire.
ï After his death, other invaders
swept into the wide valley
tumbling his empire into ruin.
Maulana Azad National Institute of Technology
13. The fifth king of the first Dynasty was
Hammurabi(1792-1750B.C.)
Babylonian civilization mainly developed in
the central southern region of the
Mesopotamia. (Present day Iraq)
14. Babylonians invented the idea of a circle
containing 360 degrees and the hour
containing sixty minutes.
ï¶The king build new walls to protect the city and new canals and dikes to improve
crops
ï¶Economy was based on agriculture and wool / cloth
ï¶Individuals could own land around cities
ï¶Grain used as the medium of exchange.
Hammurabiâs Legacy: Law code
To enforce his rule, Hammurabi collected all the laws of
Babylon in a code that would apply everywhere in the
land.
Code of 282 laws inscribed on a stone pillar placed in the
public hall for all to see
Hammurabi Code was an origin to the concept of âeye for
an eyeâŠâ
Consequences for crimes depended on rank in society (ie.
only fines for nobility) Maulana Azad National Institute of Technology
15. ï± The city of Khorsabad demonstrate
Assyrian architecture.
ï± Located on the upper Tigris
ï± The cities of Assyria were Nineveh,
Dun, Khorsabad, Nimrud and Assur.
ï± During the Assyrian periods, temples
lost their importance to palaces
ï± Assyrian kings built walled cities, in
which palaces took precedent over
religious buildings
Maulana Azad National Institute of Technology
16. TEMPLE
STATE COURT
ENTRANCE COURT
RAMP
Khorsabad was designed as the royal capital of Assyria
Built by Sargon II in 720 BCE
It illustrates the main characteristics of Assyrian
architecture and planning
At the centre of the city 25acre palace occupied a
plateau 55â above the level of town
The city was built on a flat land and enclosed by a
double wall with seven city gates. The palace was
located on the north west side of the city
Govt. buildings in the palace area were bordered
by a sturby. Rising near the central axis was a 7
stage ziggurat. 143â sq base
17. ïIn 539 B.C. Babylon fell to the Persian armies of Cyrus the Great.
ïHe had hundreds of miles of road built or repaired.
ïHe set up a common set of weights and measures and encouraged
the use of coins.
Maulana Azad National Institute of Technology