The document provides an overview of sweat glands, including their types (eccrine and apocrine), secretion mechanisms, composition of sweat, and regulation of sweating. Eccrine glands secrete a hypotonic fluid primarily composed of water and salts, while apocrine glands produce a thicker, odorous fluid. Sweat regulation is mainly controlled by the brain's thermoregulatory center and involves both thermal and emotional factors to prevent overheating.

1. Exercise
physiology
and
ergonomics
• Subtitle

2. SWEAT GLANDS
 SWEAT FORMATION
 SWEAT SECRETION
 SWEAT REGULATION
BY MEENALI MISHRA
A13156216005
M.Sc ( MEDICAL PHYSIOLOGY)

3. SWEAT GLANDS
 Also called sudoriferous glands
 Distributed over the entire skin except THE NIPPLES and THE
EXTERNAL PART OF GENETALIA
 Two kind of sweat glands
1. ECCRINE GLAND
2. APOCRINE GLAND

4. SECRETION
OF
SWEAT GLANDS

5. SWEAT
GLANDS
ECCRINE
GLAND
APOCRINE
GLANDS
CERUMINOUS
GLAND
MAMMARY
GLAND

6. ECCRINE GLAND
Secretion is called
sweat
Sweat is hypotonic
filtrate of blood
Sweat is released by
exocytosis

7. APOCRINE GLAND
 Contains the same basic
components as true sweat plus
fatty substance and proteins
Secretion is quite viscous;
milky or yellowish colour
 Secretion is odourless
(during infection takes on a
musky and generally
unpleasant odour)

8. MODIFIED APOCRINE GLAND
CERUMINOUS
GLAND
Found in the lining of
the external ear canal
SECERTION-
A sticky, bitter substance
called cerumen or ear
wax.
MAMMARY
GLAND
Present in females
SECRETION-
Milk

10. COMPOSITION OF SWEAT
 99% Water
Some salts ( mostly Na Cl)
Vitamin C
A microbe killing peptide dubbed DERMICIDIN
 Trace of metabolites (urea, uric acid, ammonia)
Lactic acid
Composition also depends on heredity and diet

11. SWEAT FORMATION
When the sweat gland is stimulated ; the cells secrete
a fluid ( Primary secretion) . It is mostly water and it
has high concentrations of Sodium and Chloride and
low concentration of Potassium; but without the
proteins and the fatty acids.
The source of fluid is the space between the cells
(interstitial spaces) ; which get the fluid from the
blood vessels in the dermis. This fluid travels from
the coiled portion up through the straight duct.

12. SWEAT GLAND REGULATION
Primarily controlled by a central thermoregulatory
centre in brain and modulated by mean skin
temperature
Primary controller of sweating is the integration
between internal and skin temperature ; a number of
non thermal factors modulate the sweating response

13. REGULATION OF SWEAT
Regulated by the sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous
system
Major is to prevent overheating of the body
Two kind of sweating-
1. HEAT INDUCED SWEATING
Begins on the forehead; then spreads inferiorly over the
remainder of the body.
2. EMOTIONALLY INDUCED SWEATING
Also called cold sweating
Brought on by fright ; embrrassment or nervousness
Begins on the palms, soles,and axillae and then spreads over the
entire body

14. NEURAL PATHWAY FOR REGULATION
1. Efferent signals from the pre optic area travels via the
tegmentum of the pons and the medullary raphe region to the
intermedio-lateral cell column of the spinal cord.
2. In the spinal cord, neurons emerges from the ventral horns,
pass through the white ramus communicans and the synapse
in the sympathetic ganglia.
3. Postganglionic non mylinated c fibres pass through the grey
ramus communicans , combine with the peripheral nerves and
travel to the sweat gland, with these nerve fibres , entwinded
around the perglndular tissues of the eccrine gland

15. THANK
YOU

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