This document provides an agenda and information about medieval art. It begins with an "Art Rx" quiz on ancient art movements. Then it discusses the medieval art period from 400-1400 CE, including the influences on art during this time from invaders destroying Roman culture. Specific medieval art styles are examined like Byzantine art with the Hagia Sophia as an example, Islamic art with the Dome of the Rock, and Gothic cathedrals like Notre Dame. The document provides context and examples for each medieval art movement and concludes with next steps of finishing tunnel book planning and drafting.

1. Agenda
! Art Rx
! Medieval Art Notes
! Worktime!
! Next Class: Full Workday on Roman Tunnel
Book

2. Art RX
! Which movement (Prehistoric; Egyptian;
Greek or Roman) had sculptures that
followed the law of frontality?
! Which movement painted with crushed
berries; rocks and twigs?
! Which movement created the sculpture
titled ‘The Discus Thrower?’

3. Art of Medieval Europe:
Reign of Religion
400 to 1400 C.E.

4. Art of Medieval Europe:
400 C.E. to 1400 C.E.
! A mixture of Roman, Middle Eastern and
European influences
! Art is primarily made for the church
! Begins with Fall of the Roman Empire; Ends
with the Renaissance

5. Art of Medieval Europe:
400 C.E. to 1400 C.E.
! Divided into different periods with different
styles: All are part of Medieval period
! Europe
! Gothic
! The East
! Golden Age of Islam
! Europe and the East:
! Byzantine

6. Art of Medieval Europe:
400 C.E. to 1400 C.E.
! Foreign invaders from
Northern Europe see
weakness of ineffective
Roman emperors.
! Take opportunity to
invade Rome
! Opens the door for
other groups to
invade/take over other
parts of the Empire

7. Art of Medieval Europe:
400 C.E. to 1400 C.E.
! Invaders (first from Germany then from other
regions in Europe, Africa and the Middle East)
destroy nearly everything the Roman’s created –
form of government; artwork; buildings; way of life

8. What do you think?
! How would life change after invaders take
over the traditional Roman way of life?
! Social Changes?
! Government Changes?
! Religious Changes?

9. Art of Medieval Europe:
400 C.E. to 1400 C.E.
! Social Changes of the Medieval Period:
! The center of art and innovation moves away
from Rome to the North of Europe – Britain,
France, Germany
! There is no central base of power coming from
Rome
! Empire divided into many different regions;
each with own ruler fighting for power and
more land.

10. Roman Empire vs. Post-Empire

11. Art of Medieval Europe:
400 C.E. to 1400 C.E.
! Religious Changes of Medieval Period
! Focus of life changes from here and now to
life hereafter (what happens after Death)
! Focus on gaining acceptance into a Christian
or Muslim afterlife (Heaven)
! Human body no longer celebrated as a
beautiful thing. It’s now sinful and corrupt
! Question: How will this change art?

12. Art of Medieval Europe:
400 C.E. to 1400 C.E.
! Art Changes of Medieval Period
! Art no longer concerned with harmony,
balance and realism…art now concerned with
worshipping God and converting people to
Christianity
! Greco-Roman interest in realism dies. Art
shows ignorance of anatomy
! Because human body is no longer celebrated
and now thought sinful, nudes are forbidden
! Art becomes the servant of the Church

13. Which sculpture is Greco-Roman?
Which sculpture is Medieval? Why?
A B

14. Byzantine Art: 400 to 1400 C.E.

15. Byzantine Art: 400 to 1400 C.E.
! OVERVIEW:
! Eastern part of Roman Empire
(Turkey, Jerusalem, other parts of
Europe and Middle East)
! People speak Greek
! Capital is Constantinople
! Led by an emperor
! Religion is Christian
! Believed emperor was chosen by
God to spread Christianity to non-
Christians

16. Byzantine Art: 400 to 1400 C.E.
! ART:
! Focused on religion – turning religious concepts into artistic
terms
! Sub-focus on showing off the Empire with art
! Combination of Early Christian Art with Middle Eastern
influences
! Mainly church interiors; mosaics and icons
! Byzantine artists were employed by rulers in other areas of the
world to teach their artists the Byzantine expertise with
decoration and mosaics
! Purpose of Art: Convert Christians and celebrate Byzantine
Empire’s power

17. Byzantine Art:
400 to 1400 C.E.
! ARCHITECTURE: Created
cathedrals that influenced many
future cathedrals in other parts
of the world
! Byzantine cathedrals are ornate
with domes; columns and
arches
! Many windows; lots of
decoration and embellishment
and are extremely large and airy

18. Byzantine Art:
400 to 1400 C.E.

19. Byzantine Art:
400 to 1400 C.E.

20. Byzantine Art:
400 to 1400 C.E.
! What effect are
Byzantine leaders
trying to bring forth
from non-Christians
with these light; airy;
ornate cathedrals?
! Based upon your last
answers - why would
Byzantine leaders
want to build these
cathedrals?

21. WORK TO KNOW:
Hagia Sophia, Turkey, 530 C.E.

22. Work to Know: Hagia Sophia

23. Work to Know: Hagia Sophia

24. Work to Know: Hagia Sophia

25. Byzantine Art:
400 to 1400 C.E.
! Mosaics - pieces of cut
glass affixed to a flat
surface
! Radiate the light
! Most Byzantine mosaics
are icons

26. Byzantine Art:
400 to 1400 C.E.
! Icons – a religious work of
art (painting; fresco or
mosaic) of an important
Christian figure (Jesus
Christ; Mary; Saints; Angels)
! Every part of the icon is
considered sacred and
symbolic
! Icons are used in religious
rituals and practices

27. Byzantine Art:
400 to 1400 C.E.
! Islamic Influences on Hagia Sophia

28. Golden Age of Islamic Art
600 C.E. to 1250 C.E.
! OVERVIEW:
! Northern Africa; Middle East; Parts of Spain and Italy;
Southeast Asia
! Culture was a blend of Arabic, Persian, Egyptian, and
European traditions

29. Golden Age of Islamic Art
600 C.E. to 1250 C.E.
! Religion is Muslim – monotheistic with Allah as
their God, Mohammed as the only prophet
! Many different ethnic groups centered around cities
(caliphates)
! Each caliphate ruled by a caliph (male leader,
believed to be appointed by Mohammed
! Laws based on the Q’uran, the Islamic Holy book
! Members of the caliphates spoke Arabic to be able
to read Q’uran – this helped unify the different
ethnic groups

30. Golden Age of Islamic Art
600 C.E. to 1250 C.E.
! ART
! Islam forbids idolatry (the
representation of human forms)
particularly that of Allah or any of his
prophets
! Islamic artists developed a unique style
of geometric shapes and patterns with
Q’uran verses in fancy calligraphy
script
! Sculpture went against Islam so
artwork was giant religious architecture
and architectural decoration

31. Golden Age of Islamic Art
600 C.E. to 1250 C.E.
Purpose of Art: Unite different ethnic Islamic
groups and educate them to the Q’uran
(please add this to your notes!)

32. Golden Age of Islamic Art
600 C.E. to 1250 C.E.
! Most famous Islamic
artworks are shrines
and mosques –
Muslim place of
worship
! Best example of
Golden Age of Islamic
Art: Work to Know:
Dome of the Rock,
Jerusalem, 7th century

33. Early Islamic Art
! Work to Know: Dome of the
Rock, Jerusalem 7th century
! Built around the rock
upon which Muslims
believe Mohammed rose
to Heaven

34. Early Islamic Art
Work to Know: Dome of the Rock, Jerusalem 7th
century
! Exterior: Giant
dome covered
with melted
down gold coins
! Colorful
geometric tile
designs in and
out

35. Early Islamic Art
! Work to Know: Dome of the Rock, Jerusalem 7th
century

37. Gothic Art
1200 to 1400 C.E

38. Gothic Art
1200 to 1400 C.E.
! OVERVIEW:
! Northern European (Germany, England, Parts
of France)
! Art is primarily highly decorated cathedrals,
stained glass windows, skinny sculptures, altar
piece paintings and illuminated manuscript
paintings of saints, Jesus Christ and Mary
! Purpose of Art: Believed a beautiful church
filled with beautiful art would inspire church
goers to be good or convert to Christianity

39. Gothic Art: 1200 to 1500 C.E.
! ARCHITECTURE: Huge cathedrals that
took centuries to make
! Very tall with lots of windows to let in light
! Pointed arches and
vaults
! Decorated with lacey,
intricate decorations
of cut stone
! Stained glass

40. Work to Know: Notre Dame Cathedral,
France, 1200 AD

41. Work to Know: Notre Dame Cathedral,
France, 1200 AD

42. Work to Know: Notre Dame Cathedral,
France, 1200 AD

43. Work to Know: Notre Dame Cathedral,
France, 1200 AD

44. Gothic Art
1200 to 1400 C.E.
! SCULPTURE: Long and skinny figures
that are very unnatural and stiff looking
! Depict Biblical stories
S Used to help
!
church goers who
can’t read to
understand stories
of the Bible

45. Gothic Art
1200 to 1400 C.E.
! Show ignorance of
human anatomy
because focus is now
on religion and the
spirit and not body
! Figures are covered
with heavy draping to
hide the body – no
more nudes!

46. Gothic Art
1200 to 1400 C.E.
! PAINTING: Illuminated
Manuscripts - Highly
decorative book pages with
borders, miniature
illustrations and initials (like
your illuminated letter!)
! Seemed to ‘glow’ with real
gold used to decorate the
pages
! Most illuminated
manuscripts were religiously
based

47. Gothic Art
1200 to 1400 C.E.

48. Gothic Art
1200 to 1400 C.E.
! Work to Know: Book of
Hours, France, 13th
century, tempera on
vellum
! A calendar book used
to help pray each
month of the year
! Elongated, skinny
figures that show
ignorance of human
body structure

49. Gothic Art
1200 to 1400 C.E.

50. Where are we going with
Medieval Art?
! After Regents week:
! Learning color mixing by making stained glass
windows and Islamic geometric designs
! Medieval beasts made of clay after we finish our
tunnel books

51. Rest of the Day
! Workday!
! Finish Stage 1:Planning - Steps 1 through 7
(follow directions as they are written in the
binder!)
! Begin drawing by following Stage 2: Drafting
– Steps 8 through 13 (follow directions as
they are written in the binder!)
! Homework: Study for the mid-term exam
next week!

52. Agenda
! Art Rx
! Weekly Process Grades
! Workday!
! Homework: Study for Mid-term Exam that is
NEXT WEEK!!!!! Know your art history
inside and out!!

53. Art Rx 1/12
! What was the purpose of Art during the
Medieval Byzantine time period?
! What is an icon?
! What Roman building was famous for its
Corinthian columns; pediment and large
oculus which let light in, heated the space in
the winter and cooled it in the summer?

54. Art Rx 1/12
! To spread Christianity and show off the
power of the Byzantine Empire?
! A sacred and symbolic religious work of art
of an important Christian figure
! Pantheon

55. Nearing the 2nd Marking Period
= Greater Expectations
! If you do everything that is asked of you but fail to
volunteer: 18 out of 20 points
! If you work on work other than art in classroom:
automatically deduct 10 points on weekly process grade
! If you constantly leave the classroom for bathroom,
nurse, locker, out of seat or assigned seat, automatically
deduct 5 points on weekly process grade
! Those that do not clean up their materials properly
automatically deduct 5 points on weekly process grade
! Lack of effort and working in class results in deduction
of points

56. Sample Grades
! Look at how your weekly process grade affects your
average when the weekly process grades dip by 2 points
per week
! 93%
! 82%

57. Weekly Process Grade
! So….stay awake, volunteer, hand in work on
time, concentrate on your work, cleanup and
generate QUALITY for a perfect 20 out of
20!
! Check those grades online to see how you’re
doing
! Those of you receiving those 18’s, 19’s and
20’s – congratulations. Keep up the great
work!

58. Agenda
! Art Rx
! Passport to Art – Medieval Art
! Review
! Workday! You should be well into Stage 2:
Drafting
! Homework – Study for MIDTERM Part 1
that starts NEXT CLASS!
! Must have pencil and your own calculator for
the 100 Multiple Choice.

59. Art Rx 1/14; 1/18
! The imaginary line located at eye
level upon which the vanishing
points are placed is called the
______________.
! Name the Title and Movement of
this Work to Know
! Name the Title and Movement of
this work to Know

60. Art Rx 1/14; 1/18
! Horizon Line
! Venus of Willendorf - Prehistoric
! Marcus Aurelius - Roman

61. Passport to Art
! Please fill out your passport to art.
Remember that this will be graded based
upon
! Writing down all of the information
! Quality of your drawings
! Having the provenance on your drawings

62. Review
! Please complete the review sheets in the on
your OWN piece of paper – DO NOT
WRITE ON THE REVIEW SHEETS!
! We will correct them in a half hour. If you
finish early move ahead to your tunnel book.