The document defines and provides examples for mode, median, and mean - three common measures of central tendency used in statistics. Mode is defined as the most frequently occurring value, median is defined as the middle value when values are ordered from lowest to highest, and mean is defined as the arithmetic average calculated by summing all values and dividing by the total number of values. Special considerations are discussed for calculating the median when the number of values is even versus odd. The document encourages the viewer to subscribe to the Quantitative Specialists YouTube channel for more statistics content and courses.

1. Quantitative Specialists

2. Mode – the most frequently occurring
score
Median – the middle score
Mean – the arithmetic average
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3. The most frequently occurring score
Example: 1, 2, 2, 2, 3, 3, 4
Mode = 2
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4. Example: 1, 2, 2, 3, 3, 4
Bimodal (two modes) = 2, 3
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5. Example: 1, 2, 2, 3, 3, 4, 4
Multimodal (three or more modes) = 2,
3, 4
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6. The middle value
Example: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
Median = 3
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7. Example: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6
Two middle scores: 3, 4
To find the median, take the average
of the two middle scores: (3+4)/2 =
3.5
Median = 3.5
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8. Odd N: When there are an odd number of
values, the median is the middle
score
(1, 2, 3, 4, 5; N=5) median = 3
Even N: When there are an even number
of values, the median is equal to the
average of the two middle scores
(1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6; N=6) median = 3.5
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9. Prior to calculating the median, be
sure that the numbers are ordered
from smallest to largest (don’t
pick the middle number of a set of
numbers if they are not first
ordered)
Example: 2, 3, 1, 3, 1, 6
Reordered: 1, 1, 2, 3, 3, 6
Median = 2.5
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10. Mean = the arithmetic average
Mean:
Where µ = the population mean, ΣX is
the sum of the variable X (add the
values of X together), and N is the
total number of values
N
X
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11. Example
X = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
N = 5
Mean = 3
3
5
15
5
54321




N
X

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Specialists

12. YouTube Channel: Quantitative Specialists
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