The document discusses four key factors that influence material selection for manufacturing: product design requirements, appropriate material properties, suitable manufacturing processes, and how the material responds during manufacturing and use. It then provides an overview of important material properties like strength, ductility, elasticity, impact and fatigue resistance, as well as physical properties including density, melting point, specific heat, thermal conductivity, and thermal expansion. The document concludes with an overview of the basic steps for material selection and evaluation, including considering geometry, material requirements, manufacturing considerations, and selecting appropriate processes.

1. Material evaluation

2. Four important factors influence the use of
materials in manufacturing
• The product design must meet the specified
need;
• Materials with appropriate properties must be
selected;
• Based on both of the above, suitable
manufacturing processes must be selected;
• The response of the material during
manufacture and in service.

3. Basic classification of materials for
manufacture

4. Material properties

5. Strength
tensile strength
Compressive strength
Shear strength
Hardness
hardness is a measure of a material's resistance to abrasion.
It is determined by applying a load to the material surface with an
indenter and measuring the indentation.

6. Ductility
This is a measure of how much deformation occurs before
a material will fracture under tension.
Elasticity
As a material undergoes elongation during tension, the
relationship between the stress and strain is proportional.
The ratio of stress to strain during this elongation is known
as Young's modulus or the modulus of elasticity.

7. Impact resistance
During some manufacturing processes or in-service,
materials may undergo cyclic or dynamic loading. Therefore,
it is important that it is known how a material will react to
sudden loading and this is known as impact resistance
or toughness.
Fatigue resistance
Fatigue resistance, like impact resistance, relates to how a
material reacts under cyclic loading

8. Physical properties
Density
Mass per unit volume
Melting point
The melting point of a material is the temperature at which it
transforms from a solid state to a liquid state.
Specific heat
Specific heat is defined as the energy required to increase the
temperature of a unit mass of a material by one degree and is
measured in joules per kilogram per kelvin
Thermal conductivity
This is a measure of the rate at which heat can pass through a
material. For metals, thermal conductivity is usually directly
proportional to electrical conductivity and is measured in watts
per metre per kelvin (

9. Thermal expansion
As heat is applied to most materials, they will expand
and then contract when cooled. The rate of expansion
and contraction is different for any given material and
is known as the coefficient of thermal expansion
Electrical conductivity
Electrical conductivity is a measure of the rate at which an electric
current can pass through a material and is measured in reciprocal
ohm metres

14. Material selection process
Basic steps to the material selection process:

15. Material selection methods

16. Material evaluation method

17. the material selected in terms of how the part should
be manufactured. This evaluation should focus on
three main areas
Material evaluation method

18. Geometry classification matrix

20. Material property requirements

21. Manufacturing considerations

22. Process selection

24. Reasons for using casting processes

30. SURFACE PROCESSES

31. Factors in process selection
There are a number of factors common to
both the material and process selection
decisions:

33. Some general guidelines can be applied for the selection of manufacturing
processes.

34. Process selection method
Step 1: Drawing interpretations
Step2: identification of critical processing factors
Step3: Comparison of potential manufacturing
processes
Step4: identification of suitable processes