Motivation, derived from Latin meaning 'to move', involves processes that stimulate enthusiasm to pursue actions. Abraham Maslow, a psychologist, developed a hierarchy of needs consisting of five levels: physiological, safety, social, esteem, and self-actualization, where lower needs must be met before higher needs are pursued. However, criticisms of his theory suggest that the relationship between needs and behavior is not strictly hierarchical, as some individuals may strive for higher-level needs despite lacking lower-level needs.

2. WHAT IS MOTIVATION? Motivation is derived from Latin words movere which means “to move” Motivation is the result of processes, internal or external to the individual, that arouse enthusiasm and persistence to pursue a certain course of action.

3. Who was ABRAHAM MASLOW? Abraham was born in Brooklyn since 1908 – 1970. Maslow was a psychologist who studied the lives and activities of individuals that he found considered them to be “successful and productive”. Maslow is a famous theorist which encompass everything from basic needs to self-actualization in order to demonstrate what motivates people.

4. This theory indicates There are 5 levels of needs All these needs are arranged in a hierarchy Once one level is satisfied, the next level will emerge as the depressed need seeking to be satisfied The physiological and security needs are finite but the needs of higher order are infinite and are likely to be dominant in persons at higher levels in the organization. Maslow suggests that various levels are interdependent and overlapping. MASLOW THEORIES

5. MASLOW LEVELS OF PYRAMID

6. Physical Needs LEVEL ONE

7. Air

8. Water

9. FOOD

10. rest

11. Exercise

12. These are the basic human needs including food, clothing, shelter and other necessities of life. Air Water Food Rest Exercise According to Maslow’s theory, if such needs are not satisfied then one’s motivation will arise from the quest to satisfy them. Higher needs such as social needs and esteem are not felt until one has met the need’s basic to one’s bodily functioning . Physical needs - LEVEL ONE :

13. LEVEL TWO Safety Needs

14. Safety

15. Security

16. Protection

17. freedom from fear

18. Safety needs: These includes economic security, protection from physical dangers. Safety Security Protection Freedom from Fear According to Maslow’s hierarchy, if a person feels that he or she is in harm’s way, higher needs will not receive much attention. Safety needs - LEVEL TWO:

19. LEVEL THREE Social Needs

20. Love

21. Belongingness

22. affection

23. Social needs - LEVEL THREE: Social needs: Need for love, affection, emotional needs, warmth and friendship. Love Belongingness Affection Once a person has met the lower level physiological and safety needs, higher level motivators awaken. Social needs are those related to interaction with others .

24. Esteem Needs LEVEL FOUR

25. Strength

26. Status

27. Self-esteem: Ego or self esteem, self respect, self confidence, recognition. Strength (esteem) Status (esteem) Maslow later refined his model to include a level between esteem needs and self – actualization the need for knowledge and aesthetics. Esteem needs - LEVEL FOUR:

28. Self-actualization LEVEL FIVE

29. Self actualization needs: desire for personal achievement or mission of his life. Self – actualized persons have frequent occurrence of peak experiences, which are energized moments of profound happiness and harmony. According to Maslow, only a small percentage of the population reaches the level of self- actualization. Self Actualization- LEVEL FIVE

30. Researchers have proved that there is lack of hierarchical structure of needs as suggested by Maslow. Some people may have deprived of lower level needs but strive for self actualization. There is lack of direct cause and effect relationship between need and behavior. Sometimes peoples are not aware of their own needs. Measurement of satisfaction of needs is not possible. Criticism

31. CONCLUSION The basis of Maslow's motivation theory is that human beings are motivated by unsatisfied needs, and that certain lower factors need to be satisfied before higher needs can be satisfied. According to Maslow, there are general types of needs (physiological, survival, safety, love, and esteem) that must be satisfied before a person can act unselfishly. He called these needs "deficiency needs." As long as we are motivated to satisfy these cravings, we are moving towards growth, toward self-actualization. Satisfying needs is healthy, while preventing gratification makes us sick or act evilly.

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