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1 
Understanding Research – An Overview
1-2 
Defining Research 
Research is the systematic and objective 
identification 
collection 
analysis 
dissemination 
and use of information 
for the purpose of improving decision making related to the 
identification and 
solution of problems and opportunities in any field.
1-3 
The Role of Research 
Controllable 
Variables 
•Product 
•Pricing 
•Promotion 
•Distribution 
• Consumers 
Research 
Decision 
Making 
Providing 
Information 
Assessing 
Information 
Needs 
Uncontrollable 
Environmental 
Factors 
•Economy 
•Technology 
•Laws & 
Regulations 
•Social & Cultural 
Factors 
•Political Factors 
Customer Groups 
• Employees 
• Shareholders 
• Suppliers 
Information
1-4 
Problem 
Identification Research 
Problem Solving 
Research 
Market Potential Research 
Market Share Research 
Market Characteristics Research 
Segmentation Research 
Product Research 
Promotion Research 
Research
1-5 
Research Process 
Problem Definition 
Development of 
approach to problem 
Research Design 
formulation 
Fieldwork or Data 
collection 
Data Preparation 
and Analysis 
Report and Presentation 
• Problem Definition 
•Research Design formulation 
• Data Analysis
1-6 
Research Process 
Problem Definition
1-7 
Example Study 
One day I received a phone call 
from a research analyst who 
introduced himself as one of our 
alumni. 
He was working for XYZ 
company in town and wanted 
help analyzing the data he had 
collected while conducting a 
marketing research study.
1-8 
Example Study 
When we met, he presented me with a copy of the questionnaire 
and asked how he should analyze the data. My first question to 
him was,
1-9 
Example Study 
When he looked 
perplexed, I explained 
that data analysis is not 
an independent exercise. 
Rather, the goal of data analysis is to PROVIDE INFORMATION 
RELATED TO THE PROBLEM COMPONENTS.
1-10 
Example Study 
I was surprised to learn that he did not 
have a clear understanding of the 
research problem and that a written 
definition did not exist. So before 
going any further, I had to ddeeffiinnee the 
marketing research problem. 
Once that was done, I found that much of 
the data collected was not relevant to the 
problem. In this sense, the whole study 
was a waste of resources. A new study had 
to be designed and implemented to address 
the problem defined.
1-11 
Problem Definition
1-12 
Research Process 
Development of 
approach to problem
1-13 
Research Process 
Research Design 
formulation 
- A framework or blueprint for 
conducting the research 
project. It details the 
procedures necessary for 
obtaining the information 
needed to structure or solve 
research problems.
1-14 A Classification of Marketing 
Research Designs 
Research Design 
Single Cross- 
Sectional Design 
Conclusive 
Research Design 
Multiple Cross- 
Sectional Design 
Exploratory 
Research Design 
Descriptive 
Research 
Causal 
Research 
Cross-Sectional 
Design 
Longitudinal 
Design
1-15 
See your way through… 
You pen down 
and think about 
literally every 
thing which you 
have to do in 
carrying out 
your project…
1-16 
Research Process 
Fieldwork or Data 
collection
1-17 
Research Process 
Data Preparation 
and Analysis
1-18 
Data Preparation Process 
Prepare Preliminary Plan of Data Analysis 
Check Questionnaire 
Edit 
Code 
Transcribe 
Clean Data 
Statistically Adjust the Data 
Select Data Analysis Strategy
1-19 
Analyzing the Data 
 Know properties of Data 
 Properties of Statistical techniques 
 Analyze the data
1-20 
Research Process 
Report and Presentation
1-21 
Reporting the Results 
1. They are the tangible 
products of the research 
effort. 
2. Management decisions are 
guided by the report and 
the presentation. 
3. The involvement of many 
managers in the project is 
limited to the written 
report. 
4. Management's decision to 
undertake research in the 
future or to use the 
particular research supplier 
again will be influenced by 
the perceived usefulness of 
the report.
1-22

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Marketing research

  • 1. 1 Understanding Research – An Overview
  • 2. 1-2 Defining Research Research is the systematic and objective identification collection analysis dissemination and use of information for the purpose of improving decision making related to the identification and solution of problems and opportunities in any field.
  • 3. 1-3 The Role of Research Controllable Variables •Product •Pricing •Promotion •Distribution • Consumers Research Decision Making Providing Information Assessing Information Needs Uncontrollable Environmental Factors •Economy •Technology •Laws & Regulations •Social & Cultural Factors •Political Factors Customer Groups • Employees • Shareholders • Suppliers Information
  • 4. 1-4 Problem Identification Research Problem Solving Research Market Potential Research Market Share Research Market Characteristics Research Segmentation Research Product Research Promotion Research Research
  • 5. 1-5 Research Process Problem Definition Development of approach to problem Research Design formulation Fieldwork or Data collection Data Preparation and Analysis Report and Presentation • Problem Definition •Research Design formulation • Data Analysis
  • 6. 1-6 Research Process Problem Definition
  • 7. 1-7 Example Study One day I received a phone call from a research analyst who introduced himself as one of our alumni. He was working for XYZ company in town and wanted help analyzing the data he had collected while conducting a marketing research study.
  • 8. 1-8 Example Study When we met, he presented me with a copy of the questionnaire and asked how he should analyze the data. My first question to him was,
  • 9. 1-9 Example Study When he looked perplexed, I explained that data analysis is not an independent exercise. Rather, the goal of data analysis is to PROVIDE INFORMATION RELATED TO THE PROBLEM COMPONENTS.
  • 10. 1-10 Example Study I was surprised to learn that he did not have a clear understanding of the research problem and that a written definition did not exist. So before going any further, I had to ddeeffiinnee the marketing research problem. Once that was done, I found that much of the data collected was not relevant to the problem. In this sense, the whole study was a waste of resources. A new study had to be designed and implemented to address the problem defined.
  • 12. 1-12 Research Process Development of approach to problem
  • 13. 1-13 Research Process Research Design formulation - A framework or blueprint for conducting the research project. It details the procedures necessary for obtaining the information needed to structure or solve research problems.
  • 14. 1-14 A Classification of Marketing Research Designs Research Design Single Cross- Sectional Design Conclusive Research Design Multiple Cross- Sectional Design Exploratory Research Design Descriptive Research Causal Research Cross-Sectional Design Longitudinal Design
  • 15. 1-15 See your way through… You pen down and think about literally every thing which you have to do in carrying out your project…
  • 16. 1-16 Research Process Fieldwork or Data collection
  • 17. 1-17 Research Process Data Preparation and Analysis
  • 18. 1-18 Data Preparation Process Prepare Preliminary Plan of Data Analysis Check Questionnaire Edit Code Transcribe Clean Data Statistically Adjust the Data Select Data Analysis Strategy
  • 19. 1-19 Analyzing the Data  Know properties of Data  Properties of Statistical techniques  Analyze the data
  • 20. 1-20 Research Process Report and Presentation
  • 21. 1-21 Reporting the Results 1. They are the tangible products of the research effort. 2. Management decisions are guided by the report and the presentation. 3. The involvement of many managers in the project is limited to the written report. 4. Management's decision to undertake research in the future or to use the particular research supplier again will be influenced by the perceived usefulness of the report.
  • 22. 1-22