1. The Rural – Urban Continuum
MD MAHMOOD
FSP II SEM
12011BB006

2. Defination - Rural & urban area
•Urban Unit (or Town):
• All places with a municipality, corporation,
cantonment board or notified town area committee, etc.
(known as Statutory Town)
• All other places which satisfied the following criteria
(known as Census Town):
 A minimum population of 5,000;
 At least 75 per cent of the male main workers
engaged in non-agricultural pursuits; and
 A density of population of at least 400 per sq. km.

3. Rural urban continuum
• Rural-urban continuum is a process of socio-economic
interaction between the villages and the towns or cities.
• Many cultural traits are diffused from cities to the rural
areas.
• For example, dress patterns like pants, shirts, ties,
skirts, jeans, etc. diffuse from cities to the rural areas.
• Besides these, new thoughts, ideologies are also
diffused from the cities to the rural areas due to increase
in communication via radio, television, newspaper, etc.
• The urbanism, which is urban way of life, emerges in the
cities and gradually reaches to the rural areas,
depending on their proximity to cities.

4. Urbanisation
• The process of urbanisation has not been an isolated phenomenon.
• At present, along with the whole gamut of occupational
diversification, spread of literacy, education, mass communication,
etc, continuity between rural and urban areas has increased.
• Urban jobs and other amenities of living have become status
symbols in the rural areas.
• Many modern techniques of agricultural development and many of
the institutional frameworks for rural development also generate from
the urban centres.
• The large scale commercialisation of agriculture has also been
facilitated by the process of urbanisation.
• Similarly, agricultural requirements for machinery have generated the
growth of manufacturing units in urban areas.

5. Why have rural and urban areas
changed?

6. Rural and urban areas have changed due to 4 main
processes :
1. Counter Urbanisation : the movement of people and
businesses away from towns and cities to rural areas
2. Suburbanisation : the movement of people from the
inner city areas to the suburbs of towns and cities
leading to the growth of the suburbs and the extension
of the urban area
3. Re-Urbanisation : the movement of people and
businesses back to the CBD and Inner City due to
redevelopment and regeneration
4. Intra-urban migration : Any population movements made
within urban areas e.g. as families develop and their
housing needs change this is reflected in their intra-
urban migration.

7. Rural and urban areas have changed due to 4 main
processes :
1. Counter Urbanisation : the movement of people and
businesses away from towns and cities to rural areas
2. Suburbanisation : the movement of people from the
inner city areas to the suburbs of towns and cities
leading to the growth of the suburbs and the extension
of the urban area
3. Re-Urbanisation : the movement of people and
businesses back to the CBD and Inner City due to
redevelopment and regeneration
4. Intra-urban migration : Any population movements made
within urban areas e.g. as families develop and their
housing needs change this is reflected in their intra-
urban migration.