The Multiple Nuclei Model, developed by C.D. Harris and E.L. Ullman in 1945, describes urban land use where cities grow from multiple independent points instead of a single central business district (CBD). This model includes various zones such as residential areas and industrial sectors, suggesting that cities like Chicago and Los Angeles expand through multiple growth centers. While useful, the model has been criticized for its complexity and lack of applicability to all cities, particularly those with different cultural and economic backgrounds.

1. Presented By
Avishek Das
THE MULTIPLE NUCLEI MODEL BY C. D. Harris
ande. L. ullman

2. THE MULTIPLE NUCLEI MODEL
 The Multiple Nuclei Model was created in 1945 by C. D. Harris &
E. L. Ullman.
 This model was based on Concentric Zone Model & Sector Model.
 The model to no one’s surprise describes the layout of a city based on
Chicago.

3. Concept :-
“Multie Nuclei Model” is a Model of urban Land use in which a city
grows from several independent points rather than from one central business
district. This model was given in an article by them “The Nature of Cities”.
Each point acts as a growth canter from a particular kind of land use , such as
industry ,retail,port,university or high quality housing ect. As this expand ,
the marge to from a single urban area. The CBD is not the only generator of
change.
Example:-
London,Chicago,Los Angeles etc.

4. -: ASSUMPTION :-
 Land is not flat is all areas.
 Even distribution of resources.
 Even distribution of people in residential
areas.
 Even transportation costs.

5. -: ZONES :-
i. Central Business district (CBD)
ii. Wholesale Light Manufacturing
iii.Low Class Residential
iv.Medium Class Residential
v. High Class Residential
vi.Heavy Manufacturing
vii.Outlying Business Area
viii.Outlying Residential
ix.Outlying Industrial Area

6. Central Business district (CBD) :- The CBD still exists as
the primary nucleus, but multiple small business
districts developed, distributed around the
metropolitan area. Some of these newer areas
compete with the CBD for traditional businesses like
banks, real estate and insurance companies.
Wholesale Light Manufacturing :- These businesses are
more consumer-oriented and near residential areas.
Manufacturing goods that need small amounts of
raw materials and space develop in this area.
Low Class Residential :- Next to the industrial corridors
are the lower- or working-class residential zones.
People who live here tend to be factory workers and
live in low-income housing.

7. Medium Class Residential :- This residential area is a
bit more desirable because it is located further
from industry and pollution. People who work in
the CBD have access to good transportation
lines, making their commute easier. The middle-
class sector is the largest residential area.
High Class Residentia :- High-class residential
sectors tend to be quiet, clean, and have less
traffic that the other ones.
Heavy Manufacturing :- This node is occupied by
factories that produce material that is heavy like
chemicals, steel, industrial machinery. Mining
and oil refining industries also can be found in
this node

8. Outlying Business :- This district competes with
the CBD for residents who lived in nearby
middle and high-class neighborhoods
offering similar services and products as the
CBD. Businesses found in this node are malls,
airports, colleges and community businesses.
Outlying Residential Area:- These residential
areas are usually single-family homes on a
small plot of land on the outskirts of the city.
They tend to be laid out on roads with cul-
de-sacs instead of following the traditional
grid pattern.
Industrial Area :- This is a community created
and zoned for industrial sources on the
outskirts of the city.

9. -: CRITICISM :-
1. Not an exact fit for all cities and towns.
2. Too complex.
3. Not applicable to oriental cities with different cultural
economic and political backgrounds.
4. Negligence of height of buildings.
5. Not even distribution resources.
6. Non-existence of abrupt division between zones.

10. -: Are this model relevant to today’s Cities :-
Delhi somewhat conforming to the Multiple Nuclei Model